Sele uneyona nkcubeko indala kwihlabathi, isinika ithuba lokuba nomdla kukutya kwayo ngeli nqaku linika umdla uya kuba nakho ukwazi ngcono yonke into malunga nokutya kunye I-gastronomy yaseIndiya nokunye okuninzi. Ungayeki ukuyifunda!
I-Indian Gastronomy: izitya ezili-14 eziqhelekileyo onokuthi uzame
I-cuisine yelizwe yindlela egqibeleleyo, kungekhona nje ukonwabela ukutya okulungileyo, kodwa nokuqonda inkcubeko kunye nemikhwa yendawo apho uhamba khona.
Into enomdla ngeli hlabathi leencasa eziyi-Indian gastronomy kukuba uya kuba nakho ukwazi ukuba apha uya kuba nakho ukwazi ukutya oku-14 okuya kukunika isiseko sokwazi ukuba zeziphi iincasa zokutya zaseIndiya ngokwenene.
Kunjani ukutya kwi-gastronomy yamaHindu?
Kweli nqaku sifuna ukuba wazi ukuba kunjani ukutya kwaseIndiya kwaye loluphi uhlobo lokutya oza kuzama kweli lizwe. Kulo mmandla, into yokuqala yokubamba iliso lakho yincasa yeengubo ezingenakubalwa kunye neengubo zokugqoka, zihlala zilungelelaniswa ngokugqibeleleyo ukunika loo nto imnandi yencasa kwiitya.
Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeencasa ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni kwamaIndiya, into esinokuyiqonda kukusetyenziswa kwezi ziqholo: ipepile yecayenne, i-cloves, ijinja, icardamom, okanye isafron. Njengomphumo womnye wale mixube yeziqholo zangaphambili kunye nezinye ezongezelelweyo, unokufumana i-Garam masala eyaziwayo okanye i-Curry, oko kukuthi, ekugqibeleni, enye yeendidi ezigqibeleleyo zeencasa ezininzi.
Ekhitshini laseIndiya sinokufumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zesityu esineembotyi, irayisi kunye nemifuno nazo zisetyenziswa, zinongwe nge-Curry okanye i-masala, le yenye yeencasa ezibaluleke kakhulu zikhatshwa yi-Chai Tea, esinye seziselo ezinkulu. ukusetyenziswa kweli lizwe.
Abaqalayo okanye Kutywala isetyenziswa kwi cuisine yaseIndiya
Samosa
I-Samosas yikhekhe eqhelekileyo yokutya kwamaHindu, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe angabamelwane anjengePakistan okanye iTibet. Sisitya esiqhele ukufunyanwa kwiindawo zokutyela zaseIndiya okanye kwi-kebabs eYurophu.
Ngaphakathi kwisamosa kukho isitya esisecaleni samazambane esikhatshwa yimifuno. Ubume bentlama yangaphandle i-crispy kakhulu kwaye inikwe i-fried. Njengezitya ezininzi zelizwe, sisishwamshwam semifuno.
masala dosa
I-Masala dosa luhlobo lwepanekuku okanye i-pancake erolwe ngeetapile, itswele, ikheri, i-turmeric, i-coriander, irayisi, kunye neelentile. Isitya esinamandla, ekubeni ezi zithako kunye nezinye zifihliwe kule pancake, zihamba kunye ne-coconut chutney.
Esi sidlo sesokutya kwemifuno kwaye sinendawo enesiqholo. Iqhele ukubonelelwa ngeesayizi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kwaye ixabiso lihlala lijikeleze i-euro eyi-0,50. Sisidlo esityiwa ngezandla kwaye sifumaneka kwiindawo zokuthengisela ezitalatweni nakwiindawo zokutyela.
chole bhature
Xa useDelhi, ikomkhulu laseIndiya, awunakuphoswa yichole batura. Sisonka esiqhotsiweyo esityiwa nechole, intlama ye-chickpea ebabayo kunye neziqholo. Le ndibaniselwano yenzelwe ukuba udiphe isonka kwi-chole kwaye ujabulele umahluko omnandi phakathi kwencasa ethambileyo yesonka kunye ne-spiciness yesosi.
Esi sidlo sinemvelaphi yasePunjab kwaye idla ngokutyiwa ngokutya okukhawulezayo okanye kwisidlo sakusasa. Ukuba unayo isidlo sakusasa, uya kufumanisa ukuba ihlala ihamba nelassi, isiselo esenziwe ngekhokhonathi, amanzi, izinongo, iyogathi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iziqhamo.
Bhelpuri
Esi sidlo senziwe nge-noodle yomgubo we-chickpea, irayisi evusiweyo kunye ne-tamarind sauce. Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njengekhoni kunye necephe kwaye inokuthathwa ngelixa undwendwela isixeko. Kuqhelekile ukuyibona eMumbai, ngakumbi kwindawo eselunxwemeni, apho abantu beza kufumana esi sidlo simnandi, esiqhelekileyo kukutya kwamaIndiya.
kati roll
Ukuba ufuna ukuzama i-kebab yokwenyani, uya kuyithanda i-kati rolls: intlama yesonka yeparatha egalelwe itakane kunye nemifuno ngaphakathi. Kuqhelekile ukufumana ikati rolls kunye nenyama yenkukhu.
Ityiwa kunye nesosi ehlaziyayo, ikalika okanye ilamuni, okanye i-chaat masala, umxube wespice oqulethe umgubo wemango. Ixabiso le-roll yekati lihluka ukusuka kwi-0,40 ukuya kwi-1,80 €
Daulat ki chaat
I-Daulat ki chaat luhlobo lwe-soufflé, njengoko umgxeki wokutya waseNdiya u-Pushpesh Pant uyibiza, eyenziwe ngobisi, ukhilimu, iswekile, ipistachios kunye neziqholo ezifana nesafron.
Ixhaphake ngakumbi kwisixeko saseDelhi, ngakumbi xa amaqondo obushushu emnandi, kuba ubushushu buyoyisa. Ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu: inxalenye ixabisa malunga ne-0,15 €.
Izitya eziphambili ze-Indian cuisine
Okulandelayo, siza kuchaza ezinye zezona zidlo zibalulekileyo eziqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwesidlo samaHindu:
I-Aloo Dum nguKashmiri
IKashmiri iAloo Dum sisidlo semifuno esenziwe ngeetapile. Yiresiphi eyinxalenye yolwazi lwemveli lwe-gastronomic yommandla waseKashmir, kwiphondo laseJammu naseKashmir, emantla esizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, esi sidlo sinokudliwa kulo lonke ilizwe kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo. Ukulungiselela iKashmiri Aloo Dum, iitapile ziqala ziqhotyiswe ngeoyile emva koko ziphekwe kancinane kwisosi enesiqholo esongeza ubabalo kwisitya.
Inkukhu yeTandoori
Inkukhu yeTandoori sisidlo esaziwayo eMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Iquka inkukhu egcadiweyo ehovini kunye neziqholo.Inene, itandoor ifuzisela i-oven yodongwe kwaye iphekwe ngeenkuni namalahle. Umanyano lweziqholo ephekwa ngazo inkukhu kuthiwa yi tandoori masala.
Lo mxube unokwenziwa kunye ne-coriander, i-cumin, i-garlic, i-sinamoni, i-cardamom, i-cayenne pepper, i-allspice, i-ginger, i-cloves, kunye neqabunga le-bay, phakathi kwabanye. Kodwa kufuneka uhlale ukhumbula ukuba ubungakanani kunye nenani leentlobo ze-tandoori masala ziyakwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuwuphi ummandla waseIndiya.
Inkukhu iTikka Masala
Inkukhu i-tikka masala ibonakala kwilizwe laseNtshona njengenye yeendlela zokupheka ezidumileyo zaseIndiya. Ngaphandle koku, akukho nto ifana nokungcamla inkukhu yokwenyani i-tikka masala apho yazalelwa khona, apho unokufumana amava okungcamla indlela yokwenyani yesi sidlo sikhulu saziwayo.
Esi sidlo sinenkukhu itikka, oko kukuthi, inkukhu enongwe ngeyogathi ebhakiweyo kunye neziqholo, kunye nesosi yemasala. Le sosi yokugqibela enomanyano olukhethekileyo lweencasa, ngoko ke isitya sinencasa emnandi kakhulu. Ikwaphekwa ngetomato sauce kunye nobisi lwekhokhonathi.
Iilekese kwi-Indian cuisine
mitha paan
Emantla elizwe, ngakumbi kwizixeko ezifana neBombay, Agra okanye kwingingqi yaseRajasthan, unokufumana i-mithaa paan. I-Paan yenziwe nge-betel leaf wrapper enezinye izithako, edla ngokuba netyuwa.
Kwimeko ye-mithaa paan, i-taste is sweet ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwefennel emnandi, i-cardamom okanye i-coconut, kuxhomekeke kwiresiphi kwaye ngoko ke iyathandeka ngakumbi kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Ixabiso layo eliqikelelweyo lijikeleze i-euro eyi-0,20. Kukho izibhalo ezithile kwi-cookbook ye-Nimmatnama-i Nasiruddin-Shahi esele ichaza iiresiphi ze-paan, ngoko ke luhlobo lwakudala lwesitya esiye sanyamezela kude kube namhlanje.
UJalebi
Njengoko uhamba kwisixeko saseNdiya, ubona i-dessert emile njengentyatyambo okanye i-spiral, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufumana i-jalebi eyaziwayo. Ezi lekese zenziwe ngomgubo we-maida, iswekile kunye ne-oyile kwaye zihlanjwa kwi-cardamom, isafron kunye nesiraphu yelamuni, ezinika incasa ephawuleka kakhulu.
IiJalebi zikwabizwa ngokuba yizulbia kwaye zithandwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo eAsia naseMntla Afrika. Zinikwa zibandayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zishushu kwaye xa uzingcamla uya kuba nenkalakahla yeswekile ekhazimlisiweyo ngaphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo zihamba kunye nekalika okanye ijusi yelamuni okanye i-rose water.
UFalooda
Kwaye ukuba ujonge isiselo esihlaziyayo, i-falooda yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo. Esi siselo senziwe ngobisi, imbewu ye-basil, i-ayisikrimu, ii-noodles, iziqhamo, kunye ne-ayisikrimu. Umxube onokuba nomdla kumhambi kodwa oko kuxhaphake kakhulu emantla eIndiya okanye eMyanmar. Kukho iinguqu ezithile zesi siselo esiza kunye nohlobo oluthile lwesiraphu, njengamanzi e-rose.
iziselo eziqhelekileyo zamaNdiya
chai masala
Ukutya kwasekuseni okanye emva kokutya, inketho efanelekileyo yokuphelisa ukutya kunye ne-masala chai enhle. Ithengiswa kakhulu ngabathengisi beti abajikelezayo ngorhatya, xa abasebenzi bebuyela ekhaya kwaye bahambe nayo endleleni.
IMasala chai yiti ebiliswa ngamanzi nobisi. Njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuqhelekile kwizitya ezimnandi nezimnandi eIndiya, esi siselo sikwahamba kunye neziqholo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezifana necardamom, cloves okanye ipepile.
chaas
I-Chaas sisiselo esiqhelekileyo kulo lonke ilizwe. Ibonakala ngokuba sisiselo esenziwe ngeyogathi, esinika ukuthungwa okunobukhrim kancinci, amanzi abandayo kakhulu, ityuwa kunye neziqholo ezinje ngekumin. I-yoghurt inokuba yintsha okanye ibe muncu kancinane, nto leyo eya kuyinika incasa eyomelele kancinane.
Kubathandi besi siselo, kuthiwa kuneempawu zokugaya. Incasa yayo iyahlaziya, igqibelele kwezona ntsuku zishushu eIndiya. Ithathwa unyaka wonke, ngakumbi ehlotyeni, ihamba nomkhenkce.
I-Etiquette yokutya eIndiya
I-Indiya lilizwe elinenkcubeko enkulu ye-gastronomic kunye nemilinganiselo emininzi yemfundo kunye nenkcubeko ejikelezileyo, umzekelo, ukwala ukutya okunikezwa ngumntu kukrwada kakhulu, kwimibhiyozo emikhulu efana nemitshato, imihla yokuzalwa kunye neminye imibhiyozo, njengophawu lwentlonipho, enye. abatyayo batyiswa ngezandla zabo ngqo emlonyeni wabo.
Emakhaya, ipleyiti enye idla ngokusetyenziselwa abantu abaliqela, nto leyo eyenza oomakhulu nootatomkhulu babe nelunda ngokuba abazukulwana babo babelane nabo ngeepleyiti. Ukutya kukwayinxalenye yekhazi okanye isipho esinikwa umtshakazi nomyeni ngosuku lwabo lomtshato, yaye ukondla izilwanyana, iinkomo, iintaka, iinkawu, iimpuku nezinye ezahlukeneyo kuzisa amathamsanqa nolonwabo nempumelelo.
Ewe kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ufunde ukutya kuphela ngesandla sakho sokunene, uhlala ugcina ngasekhohlo kwicala lakho, kuba kufanele ukuba isetyenziselwe imisebenzi emdaka, nangona kwezona ndawo zininzi zokhenketho ziya kuhlala zikufihla.
Kodwa ingcebiso yethu kukuba uzame ukutya ngezandla zakho, nangona kunzima ukuba sitye irayisi ngokomzekelo, ndiyakuqinisekisa ukuba kukuqhubela phambili kokuziva ilizwe, i-India eneenzwane ezininzi eyanelisa wonke umntu. izivamvo, zizele livumba, imibala, iimilo neencasa.
Isonka saseNdiya, esisoloko sibhaka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kufuneka siphulwe kuphela ngesandla sokunene, ngokukodwa ngobhontsi kunye nomnwe ophakathi, sithathe ngomnwe womsesane kunye nomnwe omncinci, ukuphepha ukusebenzisa isalathisi, esithathwa njengesona singcolileyo. yesandla esicocekileyo, esiza kusetyenziselwa ukukhomba, ukukrwela, njl.
Ayibonakali nje inzima, kodwa iphinde ibenzima, kodwa umntu okufutshane nawe uhlala ethetha ukukunceda uyiqhekeze ngaphandle kokubuza, uya kubona. Kwakhona, amaNdiya ngokubanzi anyamezela kakhulu kwaye ayaqonda ukuba uvela kwinkcubeko enemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, ngoko ukulandela imithetho yabo yomzali kuya kubancoma kuphela ngenxa yomdla wakho, kodwa akuyi kubakho ngxaki ukuba abakwenzi.
Ukwahluka kweGastronomic eIndiya
Njengoko kuyaziwa, lilizwe elikhulu, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kunye neentlobo ezininzi zokutya, ukukwazi ukuzama ukutya okwahlukileyo ukusuka xa uvuka ude ulale, okubonakala kum njengenxalenye enomdla kakhulu yohambo, kodwa yintoni eyenza kube nzima ukushwankathela kuphela iipleyiti ezili-15 .
Ngokubanzi, kunokuthiwa umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokutya okuvela emantla nakumazantsi welizwe yinqanaba le-spiciness enyakatho, oku akunjalo kumzantsi welizwe, kodwa uya kunandipha. kuzo zombini iindawo. yogqabhuko-dubulo. ngentaphane yeencasa ezingaqhelekanga, eziphantse zibekhobokisayo.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo neyongayo yokungena kolu didi lukhulu lwe-gastronomic kukwenza ukutya njengabo, e-Thali, ipleyiti enkulu edla ngokwenziwa ngobhedu enezitya ezidla ngokuba ne-dhal, isityu seelentile, umxube wemifuno enekhari enjalo. as aloo gobi (itapile kunye necauliflower), paneer (itshizi entsha ephekwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo).
Kwakhona irayisi ye-basmati, isonka, i-curd okanye i-dhai, iyogathi elulwelo yokusela ngamanye amaxesha inetyuwa kunye ne-kumin, kunye neyona nyama ilungileyo, ihlala inkukhu okanye intlanzi, kunye nedessert gulab jamum, iswiti eqhelekileyo yaseIndiya. Ixabiso lethali liyohluka phakathi kwe-100 rupees ngexabiso eliphantsi, kuphela imifuno, kunye ne-750 rupees kweyona xabiso liphezulu, elungiselelwe inyama okanye intlanzi.
Ukutya kwasekuseni eIndiya
Ukutya kwasekuseni eIndiya kuninzi kunetyuwa kwaye kuneziqholo, nangona kwiihotele unokuhlala ukhetha isidlo sakusasa sasentshona, ngexesha lohambo kuya kufuneka uqhelane nokutya kwakho, yiyo loo nto ndikuxelela izitya endizithandayo. ngeli xesha lemini kwaye kunyamezeleke ngakumbi kum. Umzimba wentombazana yaseSpain efuna isidlo sakusasa esimnandi.
Ithamo leMisa
Siyijonga njengesitya esikummandla osemazantsi, esikhumbuza ikhaya lethu. Idosa luhlobo lwepanekuku ebhityileyo kakhulu, egalelwe iitapile kunye netswele eliqhotsiweyo phezu kobushushu obucothayo, njengakwi-omelet yethu yeitapile eqhelekileyo, enongwe ngezinongo eziphucula incasa yayo. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwaye aluhlabanga kwaphela.
aloo parantha
Inketho yesibini endiyicebisayo inespicier kakhulu. Luhlobo lwe chapati, intlama yomgubo wengqolowa osicaba oxutywe netapile kunye netswele elibomvu elinqunqiweyo, kodwa eligqabhukileyo ngakumbi. Ukhetho olumnandi.
Ukuqala
Zininzi izinto amaIndiya azidlayo imini yonke ezihlala zisetyenziswa njengeziqalo zokutya, ezinje ngale:
Pakora
Le snack iqulethe imifuno enqunqwe njengetswele, ikholifulawa, iitapile, ipepile eluhlaza, ngamanye amaxesha ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye njengoko ndikhetha, zonke zinqunqwe kunye, zinongwe ngetshilisi eluhlaza eshushu, ikoriyanda, ikumin kwaye ifakwe kuhlobo oluthile lomgubo. I-Chickpea tempura, gaqa emva koko. Inencasa emangalisayo, ngakumbi ngobusuku entlango okanye uhamba ngololiwe.
utata
Yenye yabaqalayo endiyithanda kancinci, kodwa iqhelekile ngokwenene. Yikeyiki yomgubo welentile entle kakhulu, enongwe ngepepile emnyama kunye nekumin, ebekwe ngqo emlilweni, ulumke ungatshi, kunye neyona appetizer ilungileyo ukukhapha ibhiya enkulu yeKingfisher.
Ezinye izitya eziphambili
dhal
Iilentile zezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumaIndiya, kwaye akufuneki zishiywe nakwesiphi na isidlo. I-recipe yenziwe nge-anyanisi eqoshiwe ecocekileyo kunye ne-cumin, i-tamarind, i-turmeric, i-ginger, i-pinch ye-asafoetida digestif, i-coriander eyomileyo kunye ne-pepper ebomvu yomhlaba, apho iilenti zongezwa kwaye zishiywe ukupheka.
Nje ukuba iilentile zithambile, yongeza i-sinamoni kunye negalikhi etyumkileyo kunye neparsley emdaka. Ndibapheka kakhulu kwaye ndiyakuqinisekisa ukuba uya kubathanda.
I-Palak Paneer
Yenye yezo zokupheka ezilungiselelwe kakhulu ekhaya kwaye sonke siyayithanda, kunye nokuba yindlela yokuqala yokutya isipinatshi, ngakumbi abo baxhathisa imifuno. Indlela yam kukwenza i-sauce nge-anyanisi kunye ne-tomato encinci ebomvu, exutywe ne-turmeric, i-cumin encinci kakhulu, i-tamarind, i-coriander eyomileyo kunye ne-paprika.
Apho kongezwa isipinatshi ebesiphekwe ngaphambili, ikoriyanda esitsha kunye netshizi, ethi eIndiya iqhele ukwenziwa ekhaya kwaye yenziwe ngobisi lwenyathi, kodwa apha sifumana iitaco zetshizi yebhokhwe, kuba imozzarella ityebile kodwa inobume obucekeceke kakhulu. Inomtsalane!
iqanda eliqholiweyo
Ukuba uthanda amaqanda abilisiwe, olu lukhetho lwakho olugqibeleleyo. Amaqanda abilisiweyo anesosi, okanye isosi njengoko besitsho apho, kunye netswele, ikonofile, iiertyisi, ijinja, itumato, itshili eluhlaza eshushu, ikorinda, tamarind kunye negaram masala, zonke ziqhotyiswe kwioli yemifuno okanye ighee.
I-Shrimp Curry ene-Coconut Milk
Esinye isitya esikhawulezayo sokulungiselela ekhaya, esiqhelekileyo saseMzantsi India, yi-shrimp ephekiweyo esithetha ngayo. Ukuzilungiselela, vele uqhotse ngebhotolo, itswele, ikonofile kunye nejinja kudaka, i-turmeric, iqabunga le-bay, i-chili kunye ne-cardamom. Emva kokuba i-anyanisi igolide, yongeza ijusi yekalika, ubisi lwekakhukhunathi, ixesha ngetyuwa kunye nepepper kwaye ugqibe nge-shrimp ehlutshiwe, uyivumele ukuba ipheke ngokushisa okuphantsi kwemizuzu emi-4 ukuya kwemi-5.
Imvana Biryani
ILamb biryani sisidlo somthendeleko, esiphekwe ikakhulu ngamaSilamsi eIndiya ekupheleni kweRamadan. Yenziwa ngokumdaka itakane elinongwe epanini, liyigcine kwaye lixutywe nekoriyanda, ikonofile kunye nejinja ngaphambili etyunyulwe ngodaka kunye netswele elisikwe libe yimicu yejulienne.
Emva koko yongeza irayisi, ijusi yelamuni kwaye ugubungele ngamanzi ukupheka imizuzu engama-35 de kungabikho manzi asele kwaye irayisi ithambile, yongeza i-chili, i-turmeric, amaqabunga e-bay. kunye nesafron. Ngaphambi kokukhonza, zihombise ngeerasentyisi ze-hydrated, i-cashews kunye ne-almonds ethosiweyo.
Inkukhu kwiButter
Ukuba xa ujonga imenyu yevenkile yokutyela uthatha isigqibo sokuodola iButter Chicken, kufuneka uyazi ukuba sisitya endingazi ukuba zingaphi iidigri ezinokuba nazo kwisikali saseScoville, kodwa ndiyakuqinisekisa. ithande ukuba nesiqholo kakhulu. Ilungiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kummandla kunye nendlu, kodwa ngokusisiseko inkukhu ifakwe epanini ngebhotolo okanye ifakwe ngqo kwi-oven, emva kokuyihlambulula nge-yoghurt, ikalika, ijinja, igalikhi, ipepile ebomvu, igaram. masala, ityuwa kunye ne-oyile yokutshiza.
Ukwenza isosi uya kudinwa kukuntywila isonka sakho kunye nobutyebi baso, iqulethe i-cardamom, i-cloves, kunye nesinamoni, zonke ziqhotyiswe ngebhotolo, kunye netshilisi ebomvu, intlama yetumato etyunyuziweyo. kunye namanzi amancinci ancitshisiweyo, ade wongeze inkukhu. Nje ukuba sele iphelile, yongeza i-creme fraiche okanye i-cream yokupheka ukuba uyenzile.