Las gi-alaxias kufuphi nendlela yobisi zezo zichaphazela iQela leNdawo elikhankanywe ngasentla. Zibonwa lula ngeteleskopu yefeni. Ngale ndlela, ezinye, ezifana neAndromeda kunye neMagellan Clouds, zinokubonwa ngeso lenyama.
Kwakhona, eminye iminyele emincinane ijikeleza kufutshane neMilky Way. Ngale ndlela, ngo-1.994 kwatyhilwa i Elliptical Dwarf Galaxy ukusuka kwiSagittarius 70.000 ukukhanya kweminyaka, kwaye ngo-2.003 iCanis Major Galaxy 25.000 iminyaka yokukhanya kude. Ngabona babini basondeleyo batyhilwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Iminyele kufuphi nendlela yobisi
Ngokuphathelele oku kungasentla, sinokuchaza ngezantsi ukuba yeyiphi iminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way
i-andromeda kumnyele
La i-andromeda kumnyele, ekwaziwa ngokuba yiSpiral Galaxy M31, Messier 31 okanye NGC 224, ngumnyele onomzobo ojikelezayo kunye nobubanzi obungama-220 amawaka eminyaka yokukhanya (ngokubhekiselele kwi-galactic halo yayo) kwaye malunga ne-150 lamawaka eminyaka yokukhanya phakathi kokugqithisileyo kwayo. iingalo. Bamba kufutshane nenani le iinkwenkwezi ifana nenyele yethu.
Ngokunjalo, yeyona nto ikude kakhulu ebonwa ngamehlo avela eMhlabeni (nangona abanye bathi bayakwazi ukwahlula umnyele weTriangulum ngeliso lenyama, elihamba kancinci). Yi-2,5 yezigidi zeminyaka yokukhanya 2 ngokuqhelaniswa ne-Andromeda zone. Yona, kunye nowethu umnyele, ngowona ubalaseleyo kwaye ukhazimlayo iminyele yeQela leNgingqi, elihlala kwiminyele emincinci engama-30 kunye neminyele emithathu emikhulu ejikelezayo, le yiAndromeda, eyethu. Indlela yobisi kunye nomnyele weTriangulum.
Idatha malunga neAndromeda Galaxy
Enye yedatha ekhangayo malunga ne-Andromeda Galaxy kukuba ifumaneka kwi-2,5 yezigidi zeminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka kwihlabathi lethu kwaye, nangona inokwahlulwa ngeliso lenyama, kunzima ukuyiqikelela kuba ukukhanya kwendawo yayo kuphantsi kakhulu. Lo mgaqo-siseko ungasentla uyasinceda ukuba siqashele ukuba singawahlula njani kumgaqo-siseko zendalo ukuba yayiqaqambe ngokwaneleyo ukuba uyiqaphele ngaphandle kweengxaki. Kude kakhulu kwaye kuyoyikeka.
Ngokuphathelele oku ngasentla, uphawu lwe-Andromeda Galaxy kukuba isondela kuthi, i-Milky Way, ngesantya seekhilomitha ezingama-300 ngomzuzwana. Kufunyaniswe ukuba phakathi kweminyaka ephakathi kwama-3.000 5.000 nama-XNUMX XNUMX ezigidi enye nenye inokungqubana. I iinkwenkwezi kwaye iinkwenkwezi kumnyele ngamnye bezingayi kungqubana, kodwa iindlela ezijikelezayo nolungelelwano phakathi kwenkqubo nganye beziya kuphazamiseka.
El ukuzenza ngezantsi kuqikelelwa ukuba siya kuqaphela njani iAndromeda Galaxy njengoko isondela eyethu. Asizukuhlala apha ukuze siyibone okanye siyibalise, ngoko ke ayininzi kakhulu ukuyicinga.
Amafu eMagellan
Omnye weminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way ngamafu eMagellan, ezi ziminyele mibini. mfutshane, esebenzayo kwiQela leNgingqi leminyele. Elona likhulu kubo liphathwa njengeLifu eliMkhulu leMagellan kunye nelincinci njengeLifu eliNcinci leMagellan. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemizekeliso ziye zaqwalaselwa ukuba zijikeleze Indlela yobisi, imiboniso yamva nje ibonakala iyahlula esi siganeko.
Ngaloo ndlela, ezi iminyele Zibonakala kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi ngobusuku kunye nesibhakabhaka esinamafu esicacileyo kwaye akukho nyanga. Zibonakala njengamachokoza amabini amancinci amhlophe, ajonge kwindawo yeCrux ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga emazantsi esibhakabhakeni.
Iimpawu zeMagellan Clouds
Ezinye zeempawu esinokuzibona komnye weminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way kukuba amafu e-Magellan ane-morphology entsokothileyo, oko kukuthi, ukuveza iinkcukacha kubonisa ukuba yomibini le minyele iye yakhubazeka kakhulu ngamandla olwandle ekusebenzisaneni kwayo. kunye neMilky Way. I-hydrogen stereotypes engathathi hlangothi idibanisa enye kwenye kunye nomnyele wethu, oye wachatshazelwa zizo zombini. Amafu, ekhubaze iindawo ezingaphandle zedisk yesibhakabhaka.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukusuka ekuhanjisweni kwabo okwahlukileyo kunye nobunzima babo obuncinci, bahluke kwi-Via imveliso yobisi kwiimpawu ezimbini ezibalulekileyo. Okokuqala, batyebile kakhulu kwi-steam kwaye badinga ngakumbi kwiintsimbi kunezokugqibela. Okwesibini, zombini zibaluleke kakhulu kwi-nebulae kunye ne-fama yabo encinci ye-stellar.
Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yesantya esiphakamileyo sokukhanya, yomibini iminyele ibonakala ikwinyathelo layo lokuqala kunye neMilky Way; enyanisweni, kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba iMagellanic Clouds inokuba nesiqalo sayo kungquzulwano phakathi komnyele weAndromeda kunye nomnye umnyele, ukuba yingqushu ukusuka kwisiganeko esixeliweyo kwaye iphoswe ngakwindlela yobisi.
I-Triangulum Galaxy
Umnyele weTriangulum mncinane ngokulungeleleneyo kunye neminyele yawo emikhulu edibanayo, ezi yiMilky Way kunye neAndromeda galaxy (ephakathi kwama-30 eebhiliyoni nama-40 eebhiliyoni zeeplanethi xa kuthelekiswa nama-200 eebhiliyoni kunye nama-400 eebhiliyoni zesokuqala nesesibini seebhiliyoni), kodwa ubungakanani bayo bufana naleyo yeminyele yeminyele ejikelezayo zendalo.
Ngokunjalo, i-Galaxy ye-Triangulum lilungu leQela leNgingqi leminyele - eyesithathu ngokugqama kunye nobukhulu - kwaye ibonakala itshixiwe ngokumangalisayo kunye ne-Andromeda, ekude iminyaka engama-720000. eLuzi yayo kwaye ijikeleza kwibala elinqabileyo eliphezulu.4 LGS 3, enye yamacandelo amancinci eQela leNgingqi, mhlawumbi i-galaxy yesifundo sayo.
Umbuzo oqhelekileyo malunga neGalaxy yeTriangulum
Esinye seziphumo ezibalulekileyo zeminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way kukuba iGalaxy yeTriangulum yaphononongwa nguGiovanni Battista Odierna ngaphambi kowe-1654, owayidibanisa kunye nenduli evulekileyo esihlala sihlala ngayo namhlanje njenge-NGC 752. UCharles Messier wayityhila ngokuzimeleyo ngo-1764. , eyichaza njenge-M33 ngo-Agasti wama-25. I-Galaxy ye-Triangulum nayo yayinxulumene noWilliam Herschel ngoSeptemba 11, i-1784, imisela inani le-H V.17. I-M33 iphakathi kwezinto zakudala "Spiral Nebulae" ehambelana noLord Rosse.
Ngokunjalo, iHerschel yakhetha eyona ndawo inkulu yeH II yalo mnyele (i-fuzzy manifestation nebula ebambe i-hydrogen ionized) njenge-H III.150 kude nayo yaza yayichaza njenge-NGC 604. Ngale ndlela, lo mnyele ubonwa usuka eMhlabeni, i-NGC 604 ulinganiselwe kumntla-mpuma wedolophu galactic, kwaye yenye yezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo ze-H II, ezinobubanzi beminyaka yokukhanya ye-1500 kunye nombono ohambelana ne-M42.
Nangona kunjalo, abanako ukudityaniswa ne-NGC 604, ezinye iindawo ze-HII ze Triángulo nazo zinkulu kwaye ziyakhazimla kangangokuba zinedijithi yazo ye-NGC. Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo ocacileyo wale nto iya kuba yi-NGC 588, i-NGC 592, kunye ne-NGC 595.
Ngokufanayo, i-galaxy ye-Triangulum inokubonwa ngeso lenyama phantsi kweemeko zangaphambili, kwaye kubantu abaninzi, yinto efihliweyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, inkulu kakhulu kwaye iyathandabuza kwaye esona sixhobo silungileyo sokuyibona simbalwa iibiyomy, ukulawula naphantsi kweemeko ezintle kakhulu ukuba bathathe kunye nabo iingalo zabo ezijikelezayo.
Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo nenomtsalane iingcali eziye zayiqaqambisa malunga neminyele ekufutshane neMilky Way, ngakumbi malunga ne-M33, kukuba iphuma kubunzima bokwenene beenkwenkwezi ezintsha, apho ilanga lihluma ngesantya esibekeke kakhulu esifundiswe ngaso. Indlela yobisi, ekwabambe kwi-NGC 604 ezinye zezona ndawo zityebileyo kunye nezona zikhazimlayo kwiindawo kwiQela leNdawo.