Los Iziganeko zendalo, zenza uphuhliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yeenguqu, iinguqu kunye nohlengahlengiso oluvela kwindalo. Ngokuqhubekayo, ngaphandle kokuveliswa ngokungenelela komntu. Fumana apha konke malunga nesi sihloko sibalulekileyo.
Iziganeko zendalo
Cwangcisa zithini iziganeko zendalo, kukubhekisela kuzo zonke iimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ezimangalisayo nezingalindelekanga. Oko kwenzeka kwintsimi yendalo kwaye kubangela ukuhluka, ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuguqulwa kweemeko zangaphambili. Apho isenzo singazange senzeke ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba komntu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ezi zinokuphakanyiswa ngamaxesha athile, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, rhoqo okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nokuba sisenzo sokusabela kwiinguqu ezibonakalayo zeglobhu.
Ikakhulu, ezi ziganeko zendalo zibonakaliswa njengeenyani ezingaqhelekanga okanye izehlo, ezinobungcali bokubonakala, ukuxatyiswa kunye nokubonwa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yejografi. Apho bathwala ezahlukeneyo Iintlobo zempembelelo yokusingqongileyo, eyenza isiphumo, impembelelo kunye nesiphumo kwi-ikhosistim yePlanethi yoMhlaba.
Iziganeko zendalo zibonakaliswa ngokusabela kwimigaqo, imimiselo, iziseko, amandla endalo kunye neenkqubo ezikhokelayo, ezikhokelayo okanye ezikhokelayo kwinkalo yeglowubhu. Ngaphandle kweziganeko zabantu abahlala kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho impembelelo eqhubekayo eyenziwa yile nto emva kokungcoliswa okuqhubekayo kunye nokungakhethi.
Ngokwesiqhelo zendalo bazibonakalisa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngaphandle kokuvelisa iziphumo, kodwa njengesiganeko esiqhelekileyo okanye mhlawumbi umjikelo. Kodwa njengokuba inokuba yimeko ngaphandle kwempembelelo, kwelinye icala inokubangela owona monakalo mkhulu. Zombini zenzelwe abantu, izilwanyana, izityalo kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokwayo. Apho, xa zisenzeka zibangela umonakalo kuxa intlekele yemvelo isenzeka.
Yintoni iNtlekele yeNdalo?
Iintlekele zendalo zibangelwa izinto ezingaqhelekanga zendalo ezibangela ukuwohloka, isiphithiphithi, intshabalalo, intshabalalo kunye nothando. Ukuba nobukhulu nokubaluleka kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umntu kunye nayo yonke into emngqongileyo. Apho ke, oku kudla ngokubangelwa yimpembelelo engangqalanga okanye impembelelo apho abantu banongenelelo olunamandla.
Ke ngoko, umntu uya kuba ngumlinganiswa ongathanga ngqo kwezi, kunye neziganeko zendalo ezinje. Ukhumbula ukuba ezi meko ziyimpendulo kwiimpembelelo ezingenakubalwa ezithi ngandlel' ithile abantu bangayeki ukuhlalutya, besenza intlekele ngamava aphuhliweyo, kunye nelahleko eqhele ukuba bubomi babantu, izilwanyana, okusingqongileyo kunye nemathiriyeli. .
Yintoni umphumo wegreenhouse?
Le ngenye yeziganeko zendalo ze-atmospheric, ezihambelana nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kuyo, ibe ngumphumo wokuqokelelwa kweegesi, ikakhulukazi i-carbon dioxide.
Yintoni ukufudumala kwehlabathi?
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi yinto eyenzekayo emva kokuqokelela ngokugqithiseleyo kwempembelelo ye-greenhouse, ukuvelisa ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokukhutshwa kwayo. Ukudala utshintsho lwemozulu oluchaphazela uMhlaba kunye ne-ecosystem.
Iintlobo Zeziganeko zeNdalo
Ukuhlelwa okanye iindidi zeziganeko zendalo zohlulwa ngokwezehlo zazo kunye nalapho zivela khona, zinika isiphumo, esiyimpembelelo ezibangelayo. Emva koko, oku kulandelayo, i zeziphi izinto zendalo ebalulekileyo kwaye igqithise kwi-ikhosistim:
- Ngeenkwenkwezi: Zivela kwindalo iphela, zichaphazela yonke into, eMhlabeni nakwezinye iiplanethi zeSolar System.
- I-atmospheric okanye iMeteorological: Iziganeko zendalo ze-atmospheric okanye zemeteorological zezo zenzeka kumaleko ahlukeneyo omoya. Ukusuka kwintoni umoya, ukuya kwi-ozone layer. Ukuba ngabo bathi nabo babe nommandla wokufumanisa ukuba yintoni na imozulu ebonwa kwi-ecosystem.
- Ibhayoloji: Ezi, kwelinye icala, zizinto ezifumana utshintsho kunye nokuguqulwa, ukuguqula nayiphi na inkqubo enxulumene nendaleko, uphuhliso, ukusebenza, phakathi kwezinye. Ukuba babulale izinto eziphilayo, oko kukuthi, abantu, izilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Iintlobo, impembelelo yazo enokwenzeka kunye nokuphela, kunye nokufuduka.
- Geological: Ziqhutyelwa kwinxalenye yangaphakathi okanye ukulungelelaniswa okuqinileyo koMhlaba, ngaphandle kokushiya ngaphandle, yintoni ephezu kwayo. Kufuneka benze ngokucacileyo kunye nokuhamba kwee-tectonic plates. Kule kwakhona isenzo seentaba-mlilo.
- I-Hydrological: Iziganeko zendalo zamanzi zibonakaliswa kuwo nawuphi na umzimba wamanzi kwiglowubhu, apho amaza kunye nayo nayiphi na enye intshukumo okanye ukufuduswa kwamanzi kugqama.
- Oogqirha bamehlo: Olu hlobo lwendalo yendalo lubonakaliswe ngokukhanya, ukuguqula okanye ukuguqula iimpawu zayo, indlela yokwenzeka okanye isenzo. Kunye nokutshintshiselana nge-matter.
IiPrototypes zeZihlo zeNdalo
Ziiprototypes ze zendalo ezilandelayo:
- Ngeenkwenkwezi: Ukukhanya kwenyanga, Ukukhanya kwelanga, ukuhamba koMhlaba, oko kukuthi, ukujikeleza kunye nokuguqulelwa kwayo. Iimvula zeMeteor, inyanga, ilanga, ukukhanya kwenyanga, ukusebenzelana nemimoya, implosion, impembelelo yeenkwenkwezi. Izigaba zenyanga, i-echo ekhanyayo, i-equinox, i-radiation yelanga, phakathi kwabanye.
- Umoya: Imvula, izaqhwithi, imibane, iinkanyamba, ikhephu, izaqhwithi zombane, iimvula, umoya, i-aurora borealis, i-parhelio, imisebe ye-crepuscular, ukukhanya kwe-zodiacal, ifu elimnyama, isichotho, umbane oluhlaza, iinkanyamba, i-aurora borealis, i-cyclone yetropiki, phakathi kwabanye.
- Ibhayoloji: Ukufuduka kwezilwanyana, i-oviposition yentlanzi, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana, ukuchumisa komntu, ukuvela kwezilwanyana, i-photosynthesis, izifo, izifo, iindyikityha, i-red tide, indlala, izibetho, i-metamorphism, ukubonakala kweentyatyambo, phakathi kwabanye.
- Geological: Ukudilika komhlaba, ukhukuliseko, ukudilika kwentlenga, uthutho, imozulu, isamente, ukunyibilika kwemvula, iinyikima, ukudilika komhlaba, i-hydrothermalism, ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo, i-avalanche okanye ukudilika komhlaba. Ukuthotywa kwepleyiti, i-continental drift, i-orogenesis, i-metasomatism, ukuphakanyiswa koqweqwe lomhlaba, phakathi kwezinye.
- I-Hydrological: Imisinga yaselwandle, iitsunami, iingxangxasi, amaza, amaza, amaza, amaza olwandle, amaza, phakathi kwezinye.
- Oogqirha bamehlo: Imvula, i-halos, i-mirages, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukukhanya kokukhanya, ukusabalalisa ukukhanya, phakathi kwabanye.
Iimbangela zeZenzo zeNdalo
Namhlanje, zombini iPlanethi yoMhlaba kunye nayo yonke iSolar System ichatshazelwa lutshintsho kunye nohlengahlengiso oluveliswe emva kwesiphumo sokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ngenxa yokuba yonke into ivela kulo, eboniswa njengeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu, ebangela umphumo owonakalisayo.
Kuyoyikeka ukuba amanani aphathwayo, aphonsa isifundo, esibandakanya ukuqala kweli waka leminyaka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ngenxa yempembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu. I-90% yeziganeko ezenzekayo zivela okanye zibangelwa yila mandla angenakunqandwa, ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo. Kwakhona ukwazi ukuba iintlekele zendalo ezilawula izinto zendalo ziye zaphindaphindeka ngokulusizi ngexesha lophando.
Kungesi sizathu ke i-UN ifuna ukusekwa kwamanyathelo aqala ukulungisa le Ukwaziswa kwendalo. Oko kude kube ngoku kusalahlekile kwaye kuyichaphazela kakhulu inkqubo yendalo ngokubanzi. Apho zonke izizwe kufuneka zidityaniswe, ukuze zenze izicwangciso, kunye nemikhosi yokuhlasela ukuze kungenelwe wonke umntu.
Ziveliswa kwaye zichaphazeleke njani iZinto zeNdalo eziQhelekileyo?
Indlela eqhelekileyo zendalo abanamava kwi-ikhosistim, zezi zilandelayo:
Ngeenkwenkwezi
Ngokuphathelele le nto yendalo esinayo:
- Imitha yelanga: Oku kuhambelana nendalo ye-astronomical phenomenon evela eLangeni, ebangela ukuba kwenzeke iziganeko kuMhlaba kunye neNyanga. Ukwazi ukuba isenzo sawo kwihlabathi siyayichaphazela inkqubo yendalo.
- Iintshukumo zoMhlaba wokujikeleza kunye noGuqulelo: Le yinto yendalo, eyona nto isabela kwinto ebonwa njengemini, ubusuku kunye nokuhamba kwexesha. Ukungayishiyi ecaleni impembelelo yayo kuphuhliso lwamaxesha onyaka.
- Izigaba zenyanga: Oku kuhambelana nempendulo yentshukumo yale nto ngokubhekiselele kuMhlaba kunye neLanga.
ngezendalo
Ezinye zezi zilandelayo:
- I-Orogenesis: Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa ekuhambeni kwexesha elide. Njengenguqu kunye nophuhliso lokulandelelana kweentaba, ezidityaniswe omnye komnye, zenza isethi.
- Amalahle, i-oyile negesi: Ukuqulunqwa kwezi yisenzo esenza ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziphilayo kwaye kwenzeka kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
I-Hydrological
yakhe zendalo Iziganeko ze-hydrologic rhoqo, ezinye zezi zilandelayo:
- Iingxangxasi, iingxangxasi kunye neeMeanders: Ziyimpendulo ekuhambeni kwamanzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- I-Ocean Currents: Ezi ziintshukumo zokushukuma kwenkitha enkulu yamanzi equlethwe kwiilwandlekazi.
- Amaza: Ziyimpendulo yokuhamba kwamanzi, apho umoya uqhuba umcimbi obalulekileyo ngokumalunga nokubunjwa kwawo.
emoyeni
Phakathi kwesiqhelo kukho:
- Umoya: Kubangelwa ukuhamba kweendimbane zomoya, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric enempembelelo enkulu kubo.
- Imvula: Yimpendulo kuMjikelo waManzi weHydrological, apho amanzi afikelela kumphezulu woMhlaba avela emafini. Inokuba kwimo yolwelo, eyimvula, okanye ikwimo eqinileyo, ikhephu okanye isichotho.
- Ray: Ukubetha kombane zizinto zendalo, imveliso yokukhutshwa kombane, eyenziwa emoyeni kwaye ifikelele emhlabeni.
Ibhayoloji kunye neEkholoji
Los zendalo, eziqhele ukwenziwa zezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuzivelela kweZilo: Zizo zonke iinguqu zomzimba kunye nemfuzo ezinika impendulo kubantu abatsha.
- Ukufuduka kwezilwanyana: Oku kuhambelana nokuhamba kwezilwanyana ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala ukuya kwenye ngokusabela kwimfuno.
- Ukuphela Kwezilwanyana: Lo ngulowo uveliswayo emva kwemiphumo eyahlukeneyo, apho izilwanyana zohlobo olufanayo zinyamalala ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuchumisa: Ukuchumisa yimpendulo kumanyano lweegametes, abasetyhini kunye nendoda, ngokuzala ngokwesondo, ngaloo ndlela unomntu omtsha.
Zeziphi iiNtlekele zeNdalo kwiZihlo zeNdalo?
Ezinye zezi zilandelayo ziintlekele zemvelo, ngokwemvelaphi yazo:
Iintlekele eziveliswa kumbindi woMhlaba
Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi zilandelayo:
- Iinyikima: Ezi ziimpendulo zokufuduka kweetectonic plates, ezithi ngale ndlela zigungqise umhlaba, zitshabalalise yonke into ngenxa yeziganeko zazo.
- Tsunami okanye iTidal Wave: Iveliswa emva kokushukuma okanye ukushenxiswa koqweqwe lomhlaba ukusuka ezantsi kolwandle, nto leyo ebangela amaza omphakamo afikelela elunxwemeni. Ukungena kwiindawo ezinabantu okudala intshabalalo.
- Ukuphuphuma kwevalkhano: Oku kuveliswe okanye kunemvelaphi yayo kumbindi womhlaba kwaye yimpendulo ekunyibilikeni kwamatye. Ukufika eMhlabeni kunye nothuthu kunye neegesi, ukuvelisa iintlekele kwi-ecosystem.
IiNtlekele eziVeliswe ziZiphumo eziGunyazayo zoMphezulu woMhlaba
Kwezi, oku kulandelayo kusenzeka rhoqo:
- Izilayidi ezisezantsi: Yintlaninge yezityalo, ngokubanzi ngesenzo semvula, itshintsha ngokupheleleyo ubume bayo.
- Ukuwisa: Oku kubangelwa kukudilika komhlaba okanye ukuwa kwezakhiwo.
- Uluhlu: Ziyimpendulo kwizilayidi zomaleko wekhephu eziqulethwe kwithambeka, elinokuthi lona lirhuqe umaleko wemifuno apho liphumle khona.
Iintlekele eziveliswe yiMeteorological Phenomena
Kolu luhlu, eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- UNogumbe: Kukuphazamiseka okuqhubelekayo kwamanzi asuka emilanjeni namachibi, ukuphendula ekuqokeleleni kwawo emva kwemvula enkulu. Oku kunokuvela nasekugqabhukeni kwedama elenziwe ngumntu.
- Imbalela: Oku kukungabikho kokufuma kwizinto ezahlukeneyo Iindidi zomhlaba, oko kukuthi, uveliswa kukunqaba kwemvula emoyeni.
- iinkanyamba: Ziveliswa emva kokudityaniswa komoya obandayo noshushu kunye nofumileyo, apho ezibandayo zivela kulwandlekazi lwePasifiki okanye lweAtlantiki.
- Izaqhwithi: Oku kwenzeka emva kokuphuma kombane okuvela emoyeni.
- Isichotho: Kuxa amathontsi emvula akwimeko eqinileyo efika emhlabeni emva kokuna kwemvula.
- Iinkanyamba: Ihambelana nemimoya ehamba ngendlela ejikelezayo ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu.
IiNtlekele zebhayoloji yeMvelaphi
Oku kubangelwa koku kulandelayo:
- Iindyikityha: Kukusasazwa kwesifo esosulelayo, esichaphazela impilo yabantu ngendlela enkulu ebangela ukufa kwabantu abaninzi.
- Izinambuzane: Ezi ziza emva kokulinywa kwezilwanyana eziyingozi.
- Ubhubhani: Kukusasazwa kwesifo esosulelayo kwindawo yendawo.
Imizekelo yeZenzo zeNdalo
Ukufuduka kwezilwanyana
Ukufuduka kwezilwanyana yimpendulo zendalo ngokwebhayoloji. Apho okufanayo, kuqhutywa ngokushukuma kwezilwanyana ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye zitshintsha indawo yazo yokuhlala, oko kukuthi, ukuzinza kwenye indawo. Ngexesha elithile, nokuba kufuneka uhambe kangakanani na. Oku kwenzeka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, kwizilwanyana zasemoyeni, ezisemhlabeni nasemanzini.
Isizathu esibangela ukuba sibe neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokukhangela ukutya, ukutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka, ukukhwelana, phakathi kwabanye. Phakathi kwezilwanyana ezifudukayo kukho, umzekelo, iifudo eziluhlaza, isalmon, iindlovu, iingonyama zolwandle, iinkonjane, ohlabamanzi, amabhabhathane emonarch, iinqu, iicaribou. Izinto eziphilayo zeMicroscopic ezifana neplankton, phakathi kwezinye.
Ukuchunyiswa koLuntu
Ukuchumisa komntu yenye yezinto zebhayoloji ezihlala zisenzeka. Ibandakanya umanyano lwamadoda nabasetyhini. Oku kuhambelana nempendulo yesenzo esenziwa ekuveliseni ngokwesondo, ngokudibana kwedlozi lendoda kunye neqanda lobufazi, apho umntu omtsha uyakukhula. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umntu omtsha uya kuba nemizila yemfuza yabazali bobabini.
Amanqanaba enyanga
Izigaba zeNyanga, zihambelana nenye ye zendalo i-astronomical, eyenziwa ngokuqhubekayo. Apho thina bantu siyayixabisa isuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yezikhundla ezahlukeneyo ezifumanayo ngexesha lenkqubo yayo. Zeziphi ezi zisithoba zilandelayo:
INyanga eNtsha, iKota yokuQala, iKota yokuQala, iNyanga ePheleleyo, iNyanga yokuGqibela, iKota yokuGqibela, iKota yokuQala kunye neNyanga emnyama.
Ukuphuphuma kwevalkhano
Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo yinto yendalo yejoloji, ebonakala ngokunyibilika kwe-magma, kunye nokukhutshwa kweegesi kunye neentshukumo zothuthu. Oko kubangelwa okanye kuveliswa ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwi-magma kunye noxinzelelo lweegesi eziqulethwe kuyo. Ukuvelisa ugqabhuko-dubulo kunye nokugxothwa kwelava, iigesi kunye nothuthu, ezingcolisa indalo, zitshabalalise yonke into esendleleni yazo kwaye zibangele ukufa kwabantu abaninzi.
Halo
I-halo yinto yendalo, apho i-peculiarity yokwakheka komsesane ibonakaliswe, nokuba ijikeleze iNyanga okanye ijikeleze iLanga. Oku kubangela impembelelo ye-optical, apho iveliswa ngamasuntswana omkhenkce ukuba Axhonywe kumaleko umoya ojikeleze umhlaba ubizwa ngokuba yitroposphere.
Okuza kubangela ukukhanyelwa kokukhanya okukhokelela kuthotho lwemibala. Lo msitho, uveliswa lolu didi lwe zendalo, iye yabonwa kwiintlanga zaseRashiya, eGreenland, eKholombiya, eKhanada, eMexico, phakathi kwezinye.
Imvula
Imvula ihambelana nohlobo lweziganeko zendalo zocwangco lwe-atmospheri eveliswayo okanye eveliswe emva kokuxinana komphunga wamanzi oyinxalenye yeHydrological Water Cycle. Ukujiya kwamanzi, kuko oku kuvumela amafu ukuba enze amafu, athi xa sele elungile ngexesha lomjikelo, imvula yamanzi iyenzeka, nto leyo ebonwayo kwaye ivakalelwe ngendlela Amanzi emvula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imvula ibonelela ngeenzuzo kwi-ecosystem, kuba ukunkcenkceshela kwezityalo ziveliswa, okukhokelela ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni. Ikwanceda abantu ekuqokeleleni amanzi okusela ukuze basetyenziswe kwaye basetyenziswe kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Imekobume iyahlaziywa, ivelisa ukufuma okuyimfuneko, phakathi kwezinye.