NguJupiter Eyona planethi inkulu ummandla wezijikelezi-langa umi malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-778 ezigidi ukusuka elangeni yaye mkhulu ngokuphindwe kayi-11 kunoMhlaba wethu, nobubanzi obuziikhilomitha ezili-142.900 1.300 nomthamo ophindwe kali-2,5 7 kunowomhlaba. Ngokwenene, iJupiter inobunzima obuphindwe ngama-XNUMX ngaphezu kwezinye iiplanethi ezisi-XNUMX kwisixokelelwano selanga zidibene. Yenziwe ngehelium, izixa ezincinci zeammonia, ihydrogen, kunye nomphunga wamanzi.
Jonga izifundo kwiPlanethi enkulu kwisixokelelwano selanga
I-Jupiter, ngaphandle kokuba yi- iplanethi Esona sikhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga sesona sisonta ngokukhawuleza, sithatha iiyure ezili-10 ukugqiba ukujikeleza okugcweleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kuthatha phantse iminyaka eyi-12 ukugqiba inguqu ekufutshane nelanga, okuthetha ukuba unyaka omnye kwiJupiter yiminyaka eyi-12 yoMhlaba.
Ukuba esi sigebenga besisikhulu, besinokude siguquke sibe yi-a inkanyezi Njengelanga, nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubushushu balo bubanda, bukwazi ukufikelela kwi -120 ºC. Ngolu hlobo, inendawo ebomvu eyoyikekayo kwiatmosfera yayo echulumanciswa yimimoya enokudlula iikhilomitha ezingama-250 ngeyure.
Unokuba nomdla: Iimpawu ezili-9 zePlanethi yeJupiter enomtsalane omkhulu
Iimpawu zeyona planethi inkulu kwinkqubo yelanga
Ezinye zeempawu zePlanethi enkulu kakhulu kwinkqubo yelanga, Bazi:
1. Iinyanga
Lo mhlaba mkhulu weplanethi yethu uneenyanga ezili-16, ezona zidumileyo zezi: i-Europa, ICallisto, Ganymede kunye no-Io.
Esona sijikelezi-langa yiGanymede, enokuthi ukuba ibingajiki kwiJupiter ibinokuchazwa njengenye isijikelezi-langa, ekubeni inobubanzi obumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-5.000 XNUMX. Kwaye oyena mncinane kwaba bane ngu Europe, enobubanzi obuyi-1.500 km. Kukholelwa ukuba yeyona ndawo ikhoyo kwisixokelelwano sezijikelezi-langa, ngaphandle koMhlaba, egcina amanzi ekwimeko yolwelo, ngoko ke ikwaboniswa ukuba inokusingatha ubomi bangaphandle komhlaba.
kwaba bane iinyanga of Jupiter, ku 3 kubo (Ganymede, Callisto kunye Europa) kuyaziwa ukuba kukho umkhenkce, ngoko ke asimele sishiye ecaleni udidi ukuba kukho ubomi uhlobo oluthile kuzo.
2. Isikhundla sikaJupiter
Iplanethi Jupiter Yiplanethi yesihlanu yesixokelelwano selanga, ibekwe kumgama omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-778,570000 ukusuka elangeni.
3. Ubungakanani beJupiter
Le yiplanethi enomthamo omkhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, igxininiswe kuphela ziiplanethi extrasolar nakuloo nkwenkwezi yelanga ngokomlinganiselo.
4. Ukujikeleza kweJupiter
Esi sijikelezi-langa sihamba kwiziko laso kwiiyure eziyi-9,84. yasemhlabeni (60 imizuzu)
5. Ukuqulunqwa kweJupiter
Umgaqo-siseko wayo ngokusisiseko isodaNangona kunjalo, akukho lwazi oluchanekileyo malunga ne-nucleus kunye namandla ayo, kodwa ngokubala kuthathwe ukuba inobunzima obuqinileyo.
6. Umxhuzulane weJupiter
Ubunzima be-2,34 buphindwe kabini kunobo be mhlabeni.
Imozulu yeJupiter
IJupiter, iPlanethi enkulu ine iatmosfera eyenziwe ngokukodwa yi-80% yeHydrojeni kunye ne-16% yeHelium, enye yenziwe ngamanzi, i-ammonia, i-ethane, phakathi kwezinye.
Unokuba nomdla: IIMPAWU ezili-14 ZEPLANETHI IMERCURY EYA KUKUBAMBISA
Iisathelayithi ezi-4 okanye iinyanga zeJupiter, eyona planethi inkulu
Las iinyanga ezona zidumileyo kwijupiter, zezi:
1. IYuropa
IYurophu yeyesithandathu isatellite yendalo yeJupiter ngokolandelelwano oluqhubekayo lomgama kunye neyona incinci kwiisathelayithi ezine zaseGalili. Yatyhilwa ngowe-1610 nguGalileo yaza yabizwa yiYurophu, unina kaKumkani uMinos waseKrete nomthandi kaZeus.
IYurophu incinci kancinci kune luna, ithathwa ngokukodwa yi-silicates, ineqokobhe lomkhenkce wamanzi kwaye mhlawumbi inentsimbi kunye ne-nickel core. Inomoya ochuliweyo odityanisiweyo weoksijini, phakathi kwezinye iigesi.
Umphezulu wayo criss-wawela kunye neentanda kunye nemikrwelo, ngelixa i imingxuma zinqabile ngokulandelelana. Inomgangatho ogudileyo wayo nayiphi na into eyaziwayo kwisixokelelwano selanga. Oku kucingelwa ukuba bulutsha nobuyokoyoko bubangele ukuba kucingelwe ukuba kukho ulwandle ngaphantsi komhlaba, olunokusetyenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala ubomi.
Le ngcinga ithi ubushushu obuvela kwimikhosi ye marea Ulwandle luhlala lulwelo kwaye luqhuba intshukumo yejoloji njengoko buya kwenza iipleyiti zetectonic.
2. Ganymede
UGanymede Yeyona nyanga inkulu kwiJupiter kwaye ikwayiSolar System. Kwaye ngokophando olwenziwayo ngeHubble Space Telescope, igcina ulwandlekazi olukhulu olungaphantsi komhlaba olugcina amanzi alulwelo amaninzi kunasemhlabeni.
Ngokwezibalo zakhe, lo bunzima bukhulu amanzi I-Salada inokuba neekhilomitha ezili-100 zokudakumba (malunga namaxesha alishumi ngaphezu kwezona lwandle zinzulu eMhlabeni) kwaye iya kuba ngaphantsi koqweqwe lweekhilomitha ezili-150 ubukhulu, ezenziwe ngumkhenkce ubukhulu becala.
3. Io (io)
Io inoxinano oluphezulu kuzo zonke iisathelayithi esizifumana rhoqo kwiSolar System. Enyanisweni, ngenxa yomgaqo-siseko wayo, ngokukodwa owenziwe ngamatye e-silicate kunye nentsimbi, ifana kakhulu kunye neeplanethi ezinamatye kunezinye iisathelayithi ezingaphandle kweSolar System, ezibunjwa ubukhulu becala. ye-silicates kunye nomkhenkce.
Imifuziselo yengaphakathi layo isinika umboniso oqikelelwayo wokuba uyintoni na umgaqo-siseko wangaphakathi. Yonke into ibonisa ukuba i-mantle icebile kwi-silicates, kwaye idibene, ubuncinane i-75%, kunye neemaminerali ezityebileyo kwi-magnesium. Ine-iron sum ephezulu (ibhalansi kwi-silicon) kuneNyanga okanye uMhlaba. Umhlaba, kodwa incinci kunoMars.
Undoqo, okwangoku, utyebile kwintsimbi okanye i-iron sulfide kwaye imele i-20% yobunzima bobunzima. isatellite. Ukuba ixutywe kakhulu nentsimbi, kufuneka ibe neradiyasi ephakathi kwama-350 nama-650 eekhilomitha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba luhlobo lwesulfure kunye nentsimbi, lunokuba ne-radius ephakathi kwama-550 kunye nama-900 eekhilomitha. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ekubeni i-satellite ayinayo nayiphi na intsimi yamagnetic, siyazi ukuba undoqo wayo ayonwabeli naluphi na uhlobo lokuhambisa.
Umphezulu ubukhulu becala wenziwe nge-basalt kunye nesulfure, ebekwe phantsi ngokuqhuma okungaguqukiyo mlilo. I-lithosphere (eyona maleko ingaphezulu) inokonwabela phakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-40 yeekhilomitha zoxinzelelo. Kancinane ngaphantsi, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-50, makhe sifumanise ukuba kukho ulwandle olunodaka oluya kuba ziikhilomitha ezingama-50 ubukhulu kwaye lunokufikelela kubushushu obuyi-1.200º C.
Intshukumo yentaba-mlilo enokuthi ivuyise udaka ukuba lufikelele kumphakamo ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-500 ngaphezu komphezulu wesathelayithi, kwaye lenze umphezulu walo ugqame ngokuba neempawu ezimbalwa ezifanelekileyo zeesathelayithi zeSolar System, njengemingxunya yokubetha kwecomet. okanye iiasteroids ukuba, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kuye kwafuneka ukuba ayibone kubomi bakhe obude.
4. ICalisto
Omnye we iinyanga IJupiter, Iplanethi enkulu kunazo zonke yiCallisto, enombono ofana nebhola yegalufa, umphezulu weCallisto ugutyungelwe ngamanqaku kunye nemingxuma, ubungqina bexesha elidlulileyo eligcwele izothuso. Ngapha koko, iCallisto yeyona nto ibambekayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yelanga.
Yenziwe ngamatye kunye nomkhenkce kwiindawo ezilinganayo: kufunyenwe ukuba iindawo ezikhanyayo zingaphezu kwawo wonke umkhenkce wamanzi, ngelixa iindawo ezimnyama kakhulu ziindawo ezithintekayo kwizinto eziphathekayo. inamatye ngomkhenkce omncinci.
ICallisto iphantse yalingana neplanethi Mercury, kodwa ngesinye kwisithathu kuphela sobunzima bayo. Yeyona ndawo ikude kwiinyanga ezine zaseGalile zikaJupiter, ezizezi: Io, Europa, Ganymede, neCallisto. Umjikelo wayo ngokulandelelana ukude ukusuka kuJupiter ngokulungelelana naleyo yezinye iinyanga ezintathu: malunga ne-1,88 yezigidi zeekhilomitha, malunga nama-26 aphindwe kabini kwiradiyasi yesijikelezi-langa ngokwaso.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akuqhelekanga, iNyanga yethu ijikeleza uMhlaba kwindlela ephindwe ngama-60 kwi-radius yomhlaba, into edlulayo kukuba iCallisto ihlukaniswe kumaqabane ayo. Oyena mmelwane ukufutshane ngu UGanymede, eyi-800.000 km kufutshane neJupiter.
Le meko ibangela ukuba uCallisto angaqapheli ukutyhila amandla olwandle kwigunya leJupiter. Kwaye ayibonisi iimpawu zezinye iinkqubo zejoloji ezifana nentaba-mlilo okanye itectonics ye iiplate, njengoko siphawula ngokubonakalayo kwezinye iinyanga zaseGalili. I-Callisto iyaqhubeka ngokulandelelana kwaye ingqina kwisixokelelwano sokuqala selanga.
Unokuba nomdla: IINTLOBO EZI-6 ZOTHUTHU LWECOSMIC NGENDAWO EZISEKUYO NEMVELAPHI YAYO
Ke kubungqina kunye nokufunda ukuba yintoni iPlanethi enkulu kwisixokelelwano sethu selanga esinika ngokwenene yinto enomtsalane ngokupheleleyo iphela.