Umdlalo we-Ender yeyona noveli idumileyo kaOrson Scott Card. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi iinkcukacha zebali, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwalo, ukwindawo efanelekileyo.
Uhlelo lweminyaka engama-30.
Umdlalo we-Ender, inoveli ka-Orson Scott Card
Umdlalo we-Ender (Umdlalo we-Ender) owapapashwa ngo-1985, yeyona noveli idumileyo ka-Orson Scott Card. Iphumelele iimbasa ezimbini zezona zibalaseleyo kwiSayensi yeFiction: ngo-1985 iMbasa yeNebula yeyona noveli igqwesileyo, nakunyaka olandelayo iMbasa yeHugo yeyona noveli igqwesileyo.Le noveli yavela njengebali elifutshane eliyintsomi kwimagazini ye-Analog (1977), ibali elifutshane lafumana imbasa ye-Ignotus ngo-1977, laze lafumana imbasa ye-Hugo kunye ne-Locus ka-1978. uluntu lwangaphandle olubizwa ngokuba yi "Buggers" (iibhuggers, kwinguqulelo yesiNgesi).
U-Andrew "Ender" Wiggin ugaywa kwiminyaka nje emithandathu ubudala ukuba aqeqeshe kwiSikolo soMdaniso, isikhululo esikhethekileyo apho abantwana abanesiphiwo bazilungiselela kwasebusaneni ukukhokela imfazwe elandelayo. Umdlalo we-Ender Yeyokuqala kuthotho lweencwadi ezintlanu ezaziwa ngokuba «Saga kaEnder«. Ngo-1999 i-Orson Scott Card yaqala ukuhambelana ne "Saga kaEnder«, ukubhala i-saga enesihloko esithi «I-Shadow Saga«, equlathe ezinye iincwadi ezintlanu.
Ukuphefumlelwa koMdlalo we-Ender
Ibali lokuqala le Umdlalo weEnder, epapashwe yi-Analog Science Fiction kunye ne-Fact kwi-1977, isinika umbono omncinci we-Ender kwi-Battle School kunye ne-Commander School: ibali elipheleleyo kunye nemiboniso ye-Ender ngaphambi, ngexesha nangemva kwemfazwe kunye nokuba ubomi bakhe babunjani.
Ukongeza, inezahluko ezithile apho ichaza imeko yezopolitiko eqhuma kakhulu apho umhlaba untywiliselwa xa u-Ender ebuya. Kumagqabantshintshi malunga ne-audiobook yeminyaka engama-20 yokukhutshwa kwenoveli, kunye noshicilelo oluqinisekileyo luka-1991; Ikhadi lithi:
"Umdlalo we-Ender wabhalelwa ngokukodwa ukuseka umlingiswa we-Ender kwindima yakhe njengoSomlomo kwi Ilizwi labafileyo".
Kwintshayelelo ka-1991, amagqabantshintshi eKhadi ukuba iSaga yokuSekwa kuka-Isaac Asimov ibe nefuthe kwibali elifutshane nakwinoveli. Umsebenzi wombhali-mbali uBruce Catton kwiMfazwe yaseMelika yaseMelika nawo waba nefuthe kakhulu.
IPlayithi yoMdlalo we-Ender
Ngunyaka wama-2070 kwaye uluntu lusemfazweni kunye nezinambuzane (uhlanga lwangaphandle, oluthiywe ngokufana kwazo nezinambuzane).
Emva kokungaphumeleli uhlaselo lwakhe lokuqala (lokuhlola) kwisixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, olusondele ekutshabalaliseni uluntu, kusekwe umanyano lokujongana nesisongelo, ngokusekwa kweyunithi yomkhosi wezizwe ngezizwe, i-International Fleet (IF), inikezela kurhulumente welizwe. iplanethi ukuya "Hegemony", ukwahlula ke ngoko ibe ngamaqumrhu amathathu: Hegemon, Polemarch kunye Strategos; ukulwela ukongamela emfazweni.
Ngeli xesha, uluntu sele luphuhlise isakhono sokuhamba phakathi kweenkwenkwezi, unxibelelwano oludlula isantya sokukhanya, ukulawula umxhuzulane, kunye nezinye iindlela kunye nezixhobo (ezininzi zifunyenwe emva kokuhlasela kwe-bugger yokuqala).
Uhlaselo lwesibini, olwahlukileyo kolokuqala kuba lwaluyikoloniyali, lwamiswa ngomzuzu wokugqibela nguMazer Rackham. Kodwa kudlule amashumi eminyaka kwaye uluntu luphila ngokungaqiniseki ngelixa lulindele ukutshatyalaliswa luhlaselo olunokubakho.
U-Andrew "Ender" uWiggin yinkwenkwe enesiphiwo evela eUnited States, eyafunyanwa yi-International Starfleet yoqeqesho kunye nobunkokeli bexesha elizayo ekulweni neBuggers. U-Ender ngoyena mncinci kubantwana abathathu, ozalelwe kuluntu olunezithintelo zokuzalwa ngenxa yokugcwala kwabantu, apho iintsapho zingenako ukuba nabantwana abangaphezu kwesibini.
UAndrew wakhulelwa ngemvume evela kurhulumente, kuba oobhuti bakhe ababini babezidlakadlaka, ngoko kwavunyelwana ukuba xa egqiba iminyaka emithandathu babuye ukuze bamyalele baze bamlungiselele ukuba abe ngoyena mphathi ubalaseleyo embalini.
Ubuntu bakhe buphenjelelwa kakhulu luloyiko kunye nokukhuphisana nomntakwabo uPeter, omthiyileyo ngokuba wongamile kuye, kunye nothando kunye nemfesane kadade wabo uValentine. Kwisikolo sedabi (isikhululo sasemajukujukwini esisetyenziswa njengendawo yoqeqesho lwasemkhosini yabantwana), ngokukhawuleza uba yinkokeli ezelweyo, ekhwankqisa ootitshala bakhe noontanga bakhe, ephakama kwisikhundla sokuba yi-cadet yabantwana abangaphantsi kobudala ukuya kwi-Commander of the Dragon School.
Njengoko u-Ender eqhubeka noqeqesho lwakhe, abazalwana bakhe bafuna ukutshintsha uluvo loluntu lwehlabathi, ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiiforamu zekhompyutheni, phantsi kobuntu ababini abazenzileyo, u-Locke (ophethe uPetros) kunye ne-demosthenes ye-xenophobic egama linguDemosthenes (ophethe i-Valentine).
Kwibali elifutshane (lokuqala) kuphela inkcazo yamava ka-Ender ngaphakathi kweSikolo soMdabi ibonisiwe, kanti kwinoveli imixholo yentsomi yenzululwazi epheleleyo nepheleleyo ijongwe ngokwembono yezengqondo.
mazer-rackham
UMazer Rackham ngomnye wabalinganiswa abanomdla kakhulu Umdlalo weEnder, indima yakhe ibaluleke kakhulu kule noveli. Uyintsomi ye-International Fleet, umbutho oqeqesha abafundi abakhethekileyo kwaye ujongene nokukhusela iplanethi yomhlaba. UMazer wanikwa umsebenzi wokutshabalalisa inqwelo yesibini ye-bugger kwaye yaba yintsomi kwesi senzo.
Ukukhuthazwa kwenguqulo ye-cinema.
amabhaso anoveli
- Imbasa kaHugo, inoveli engcono, unyaka we-1986
- Imbasa yeNebula, inoveli egqwesileyo, unyaka we-1985
uphononongo lweencwadi
Umdlalo we-Ender waphononongwa ngo-1991 ngumbhali wayo, iKhadi. Ngubani owenza utshintsho oluninzi oluncinci ukuze lubonakalise ngcono imeko yezopolitiko yelo xesha, kuquka ukuwa kweSoviet Union. Kwihlabathi elilandelayo elithi "Ender in Exile," Ikhadi liphawula ukuba kwisahluko 5 iinkcukacha ezininzi zatshintshwa ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiinoveli zamva kunye namabali amafutshane. Ukulungiselela oku, iKhadi liphinde libhale isahluko 15, lize limisele ukuba inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo yencwadi ikhululwe kungekudala.
Uhlengahlengiso "kuMdlalo we-Ender"
Umdlalo we-Ender unomfanekiso wayo wefilimu, kodwa unesaga eneenoveli ezifanayo, umdlalo ohlekisayo kunye nomdlalo wevidiyo:
I-Movie
Iveliswe nguWarner Bros, owayeneprojekthi esekelwe kwinoveli yokuqala. Xa ifilimu yayikwisigaba sangaphambi kokuveliswa yayiza kulawulwa, ngokomgaqo, nguWolfgang Petersen. Kodwa, emva kweenyanga ezininzi ngaphandle kweendaba, igama lakhe lanyamalala kwiwebhusayithi ye-IMDb, ebonisa ukuba umlawuli mhlawumbi wayengomnye (Ridley Scott, kwakucingelwa).
Iskripthi sagqitywa ngoMeyi 2003 kwaye sabhalwa ngumbhali ofanayo wenoveli, i-Orson Scott Card.
Ekupheleni kwe-2008, kwakunokwenzeka ukufunda kwiphepha le-IMDB ukuba ifilimu yayicinyiwe, kuba isivumelwano esasayinwa nguWarner Bros kunye ne-Orson Scott Card sasiphelile ngaphandle kwesivumelwano. NgoNovemba 14, 2008, u-Orson wazithumela kwiwebhusayithi yakhe ngengcaciso.
NgoFebruwari 25, 2009, wabhengeza ukuba ulugqibile uhlaziyo lokugqibela lweskripthi sefilimu, eyathunyelwa kwi-Odd Lot Entertainment, ebeka abanye abavelisi ukuba basebenze ngokubambisana ne-Orson Scott Card yokufota ifilimu. Ukwenza ifilimu kwaqala phakathi ku-2012 kwaye umlawuli yayinguGavin Hood.
Iinoveli ezihambelanayo
Ikhadi lithathe ibali lika Umdlalo we-Ender ngenoveli ehambelanayo, Isithunzi sikaEnder. Apho iziganeko zifana ncakasana kodwa zibonwa ngokwembono yomnye umlinganiswa, uBean omncinane. Le ncwadi ilandelwa luthotho lweenoveli eziphuhlisa ubomi bukaBean, uPetra nabanye abantwana abaphumelele kwisikolo sedabi.
Umdlalo wevidiyo we-Ender's
Umdlalo wevidiyo ubiziwe Umdlalo we-Ender: Igumbi lokulwa kwafuneka isasazwe ngawo onke amaqonga edijithali. Inkampani yomphuhlisi yayiyiSihlalo solonwabo. Kuncinci kakhulu okwakwaziwa malunga nomdlalo, ngaphandle kwendawo yawo, yayiza kugxila kwindalo ye-Ender, ngakumbi kwigumbi lokulwa.
Comic
Umshicileli odumileyo waseMelika, iMarvel Comics kunye nombhali wencwadi, i-Orson Scott Card, yabhengeza nge-19 ka-Epreli ukuba uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lwenguqulelo. Umdlalo we-Ender njengowokuqala kuthotho lwee-comics eziya kulungelelanisa iinoveli zakhe kwi-Ender Saga yonke, ethi iKhadi linyathelo lokuqala lokulungelelanisa inoveli yemidiya ebonakalayo.
Uthotho lokuqala oluhlanu, olunesihloko Umdlalo we-Ender: Isikolo sedabi siya kubhalwa nguMike Carey, ngelixa umdwebi wekhathuni nguPasqual Ferry waseBarcelona. Sele kukho ngaphezu kwe-11 epapashiweyo.
Le noveli iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingama-32, ezinjengesiJapan, isiPolish, isiNorway, isiDanish, isiFinnish, isiFrentshi, isiSerbia, isiSwedish, isiThai, isiJamani, isiEstonian, isiKorea, isiTshayina, isiCzech, isiCatalan, isiBulgaria, njl.
Ukuba ufumene eli nqaku elinomdla, jonga kwinqaku lethu elihambelanayo ubuhlobo obuyingozi Kwaye ungaphoswa naziphi na iinkcukacha!