Ukufuna Komntu Ngentsingiselo yincwadi ebhalwe ngugqirha wengqondo waseAustria ogama linguViktor Emil Frankl. Lo msebenzi ubekwe kumava obuqu ombhali kwinkampu yoxinaniso, ngoko ke ndiyakubongoza ukuba uqhubeke ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngawo.
Ukufuna Komntu Ngentsingiselo
Lo msebenzi wenza uhlalutyo lobomi ngaphakathi kwinkampu yoxinaniso, ikwabalisa ngokubanzi nangeenkcukacha malunga nokuvalelwa kombhali kwinkampu yoxinaniso yaseAuschwitz nakwezinye iindawo iminyaka emi-5. Ikwachaza nendlela alwa ngayo lusizi nokungabi nathemba ukuze aqhubeke enezizathu zokuphila.
Eli bali likwasixelela kwaye lihlalutya ipsychology yebanjwa emva kokukhululwa, ngoko ke kunokuthiwa lo msebenzi usixelela ngamava abo bonke abo bantu babekuloo nkampu yoxinaniso kunye nombhali wale ncwadi. Kanye njengokuba babezama ukujamelana nokuvalelwa emva koko bakhululwa.
Malunga noMbhali
UViktor Frankl wazalwa ngoMatshi 26, 1905 waza wafa ngoSeptemba 2, 1997 eVienna, eOstriya, wayeyingcali yemithambo-luvo, ugqirha wengqondo kunye nesithandi sobulumko. Ungumseki we-logotherapy kunye nohlalutyo olukhoyo.
Ungomnye wabasinde kwiinkampu zoxinaniso zamaNazi, kuquka ezo zaseAuschwitz naseDachau, apho wayekho ukususela ngowe-1942 ukusa kowe-1945. Ngokusekelwe kuwo onke la mava, ugqiba kwelokuba abhale le Man in Search of Meaning ithengiswa kakhulu.
Ibali Lokuphanda Komntu Ngentsingiselo
Uhlelo lokuqala lwencwadi ethi Man’s Search for Meaning lwapapashwa eJamani nguVicktor E Frankl ngowe-1946, olwaba yimpumelelo kangangokuba kwafuneka ukuba kupapashwe uhlelo lwesibini. Kodwa nangona kunjalo olu hlelo lwesibini aluzange lube nampumelelo yolokuqala.
Emva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokupapashwa kwayo okokuqala, uthatha isigqibo sokukhulula uhlelo lwesithathu oluguqulelwe kwisiSpanish, ukucima ukusilela kwesibini, kodwa injongo ayifikelelwanga. Kodwa umbhali uthatha isigqibo sokukhulula uhlelo lwesine lwegama elithi Ukufuna Intsingiselo yomntu, eyaguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-20 kwaye ithathwa njengenye yeencwadi ezili-10 ezilungileyo kwiincwadi zaseMelika.
[su_note] Kolu hlelo lwesine i-akhawunti ye-autobiographical yongezwa apho iingcamango ezisisiseko ze-logotherapy kunye nohlalutyo olukhoyo lunokubonwa. Ukuba olu hlelo yimpumelelo egqibeleleyo.[/su_note]
Impikiswano
Indoda efuna intsingiselo ibalisa amava ombhali kwiinkampu zoxinaniso. Le ncwadi yahlulahlulwe yazizigaba ezi-3 apho izama ukuphendula lo mbuzo: Ubomi bemihla ngemihla kwinkampu yoxinaniso buchaphazela njani ingqondo kunye neengqondo zebanjwa eliqhelekileyo?
Konke oku kwenzeka kwiinkampu zoxinaniso ezincinci, apho ukutshatyalaliswa kwaqhutyelwa ngokwenene kwaye kungekhona kwiinkampu ezibanzi kunye nezidumileyo esizivileyo. Apha ngezantsi siza kuchaza iinkcukacha malunga nebali elibaliswe kuPhando loMntu ngeNjongo:
Isigaba sokuqala
Kweli nqanaba lendoda efuna intsingiselo yenzeka ngokupheleleyo kwiinkampu zoxinaniso, apho ichaza impatho-mbi kunye nokuthotywa okuza kuchaphazela iingqondo zamabanjwa. La mabanjwa ahlulwa ngokweendidi ukuzehlula:
[su_list icon=”icon: asterisk” icon_color=”#ec1b24″]
- Ibanjwa eliqhelekileyo lelona likhoboka kwaye lenza umsebenzi onzima ofunwa ngabaphathi balo.
- Kwaye i-capo lelo banjwa lineentlobo ezithile zamalungelo, ngamajoni kwaye linemvume yokuqumbela amabanjwa aqhelekileyo.[/su_list]
ukuvalelwa ngaphandle
Umbhali ubalisa ukuba bathe bakufika kwinkampu yoxinaniso bahluthwa yonke impahla yabo, ukuze bakhunjuzwe ngeentsapho zabo okanye abo babathandayo. Ekubeni enye yeengcinga eziqhubekayo amabanjwa kukuba abuyele kwiintsapho zawo okanye kwimeko embi agcine iinkumbulo zawo kwizinto zawo zobuqu.
Ngaphakathi kwinkampu yoxinaniso, amabanjwa ayengamaxhoba okuphangwa, ukutyholwa, ukubethwa nokuthuthunjiswa ngokwasengqondweni ukuze azive engento yanto. Loo mabanjwa aziphethe kakuhle ayenamalungelo kumalungelo athile angenakuthelekiswa nanto nalawo e-capo.
Amabanjwa ayengaziwa ngamagama kodwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamanani athob’ isidima okanye iziteketiso ukuze abonwe. Amabanjwa agulayo okanye aneziphene ayesenziwa ukuba asebenze ngokungathi ngabantu abasempilweni, nangona kwakukho amatyala awayekhetha ukuwabulala ekubeni ayengayi kuba luncedo kwinkampu yoxinaniso.
Amabanjwa awenza umsebenzi wawo anikwa amatikiti angenamkhethe angamabhaso okanye iibhonasi ezifana nebhokisi yecuba ukubiza umzekelo. Isiphumo esibangelwa ngamatikiti kukuba avumela amajoni ukuba ahlule phakathi kwamabanjwa aqhelekileyo kunye ne-capos.
Ukwenza amajoni aqonde ukuba amabanjwa aqhelekileyo ayenobomi obungenaxabiso. Xa la mabanjwa afuduswa kuloliwe esiwa kwinkampu yoxinaniso kwakukho malunga namabanjwa ali-1500, kwikhareji ngalinye likaloliwe kwakukho amabanjwa aphakathi kwama-70 ukuya kuma-80 ajongwe zii-capos namajoni.
Onke la mabanjwa akhohliswa ekukholelweni ukuba ayeya kubona umzi-mveliso wezixhobo zemfazwe, kodwa athi akubona ukuba asondela eAuschwitz, ahlaselwa yintlungu nosizi. Amajoni abahlula aba yimiqolo emibini, abo bangasekhohlo yayingabo ekugqibeleni yayikukufa kwaye abo bangasekunene banokuqhubeka behlala phantsi komqathango wokusebenza ngenkani, ukuthotywa kunye nokungcungcuthekiswa.
UFrank wayenethamsanqa lokuba yinxalenye yoluhlu oluchanekileyo, kodwa ukuthotywa kwangoku ngokukhawuleza njengoko amabanjwa ahluthwa iimpahla zawo, ewashiya ehamba ze ngokupheleleyo. Phakathi kwezinto ezimbalwa ababezinika amabanjwa yisepha yokuhlamba, ukuze akwazi ukuzicoca.
Ukufika kwabo kwinkampu yoxinaniso, amabanjwa kwafuneka alibale ngobomi bawo bangaphambili, inkoliso yamabanjwa yayisoyika ukufa nokuba nokwenzeka ukuba ibe ngolandelayo kuludwe. Amanye amabanjwa akhetha ukuzibulala kwaye athatha isigqibo sokuziphosa eludongeni lombane ukuze aphelise ubomi bawo.
Inqanaba lesibini
Kwinqanaba lesibini, umbhali wencwadi ethi Man in Search of Meaning usibalisela ngokungakhathali okwakubonakala kumabanjwa, kuba ngathi afile, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kovakalelo. Xa ufika emasimini wawulangazelela ikhaya lakho, intsapho yakho, kodwa wakhawuleza wacaphuka ngenxa yoko wawukubona.
Ubomi ezilalini
Apha basixelela konke ukungcola okwakubarhangqile, begqabaza ngobuchule bamabanjwa awayecinga ukuba atshisela, namajoni asebenzisa inkohlakalo ukwenza amabanjwa ahexa. Konke oku uFrankl akubonileyo kwamenza wacebisa oogxa bakhe ukuba babe nesibindi kwaye bakhuseleke logama nje esi sihogo sisekho.
Ngale mvakalelo yokungakhathali, amabanjwa azinceda ukuba angacingi ngayo yonke into ecacileyo, eyona nto yayiwaxhalabisa kakhulu ziingcamango zabo babathandayo. Ukongezelela kwisibakala sokuba iimfuno ezisisiseko zakhe nawuphi na umntu zaye zagqalwa njengenkohliso ekwakunzima kakhulu ukuba nayo.
Ukuze aziphazamise, amabanjwa ayesenza iziqhulo ukuze ahlale enethemba aze alibale namaxesha anzima awayephila apho. UFrank wayengomnye wamabanjwa ambalwa awafikayo ukuze azuze ukuthenjwa ngabaphathi namajoni ngenxa yokuziphatha kwakhe kakuhle nokukulungela ukwenza umsebenzi onyanzelwayo, wawongwa ngenxa yokuziphatha kwakhe kakuhle ukuze anyuswe kwindawo yasekhitshini.
Ukuhlala exakekile kwamnceda uFrankl ukuba agcine iingcinga zentsapho yakhe nezalamane zikude, yaye ubumoya bamnceda ukuba ahlale ezolile ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngenxa yobuchule bakhe, waphinda wacelwa ukuba ancede inkampu yokuphilisa abantu abagulayo.
Oku kuvalelwa kuye kwamnceda ngandlel’ ithile ukuba abe luncedo phezu kwazo nje iimeko awayekuzo, wasebenzisa elo thuba lokuvalelwa ukuze acamngce aze afumane uThixo. Wathuthuzela amaqabane akhe ngamaxesha obuthathaka, xa wayesebenza ekhitshini wabazisa isonka ngokufihlakeleyo kumajoni, oko kukuthi, uFrankl wayesoloko ezama ukugcina umoya wakhe uqinile.
[su_note]Esinye sezifundo awathi la mava amfundisa zona sesokuba akukho bani unokukuphepha ukubandezeleka yaye akanako ukusinda kwikamva, ekubeni eyinxalenye yobomi. Kodwa bonke obo butshaba awabufumanayo bamenza ukuba aqhubeke emile engakhange akholise namnye kubo ekumboneni woyisiwe, ngenxa yoku wakwazi ukunyuka wakhetha ezinye iindlela zobomi.[/su_note]
Kodwa umbhali ukwaxela ukuba abo bahlala bedakumbile. Kwaye ngaphandle kwesizathu sobomi yayingabo ababa ngoonodoli abanamandla ukuba bagqame.
[su_box title=”Uphononongo: Ukukhangela koMntu ngentsingiselo / uViktor Frank” radius=”6″][su_youtube url=”https://youtu.be/D6AHWahAVFA”][/su_box]
Isigaba sesithathu
Kwesi sigaba, umbhali ubalisa ngesayikholojisti malunga nebanjwa emva kokuba likhululwe, ukuba yayinjani isimo sengqondo nokuziphatha kwalo. Kwaye ndithatha njani ukuba ndikhululekile kwakhona.
Emva kwenkululeko
Xa oku kusenzeka, imeko yokuphumla ngokupheleleyo kwenzeka kumabanjwa emva kokuhlala enxungupheleni. Kodwa ngaphandle kwemvakalelo yovuyo kwaye kulapho umbhali ecacisela amaqabane akhe ukuba okwenzekileyo kukuba yonke into yayibonakala ingeyonyani kubo kwaye boyika ukuvuka babone ukuba bonke bayiphupha.
Uninzi lwamabanjwa awayengamaxhoba enkohlakalo ayefuna ukuyivelisa kwakhona, kwaye ayesazi ukuba konke ukubandezeleka okucacileyo akunakuze kubuyekezwe, kodwa ukubuyela ekhaya emva kokuba ephumelele loo mava amanyumnyezi kubanika imvakalelo yokuba abananto yokoyika. evela kuThixo. Apho imvakalelo kuphela enokuthi ichaze uvuyo okanye ulonwabo lokukhululeka lithuba lokubona usapho lwakho kwakhona.
[su_box title=”Uphononongo: uPhando loMntu ngentsingiselo / uViktor Frank – Isishwankathelo esiOpopayo” radius=”6″][su_youtube url=”https://youtu.be/INjLsMNIiao”][/su_box]
Ukuqukumbela, sinokuthi uViktor Frankl wasifundisa ukuba phezu kwako nje ukuhluthwa inkululeko yakhe ixesha elide kwinkampu yoxinaniso, wayesoloko eyigcina inkululeko yakhe yokomoya yomelele, nto leyo eyayimvumela ukuba enze izinto ebudeni bokuvalelwa awayengenakufikelelwa kuzo. Ekubeni umbulelo wokuvalelwa wavuka ngaphakathi kuye, umnqweno wokuxhasa amanye amabanjwa.
Njengoko kwakhona waqondayo, ukuba xa ephinda efumana inkululeko yawo, akukho namnye kubo owakwaziyo ukuvuya ekubeni ezingqondweni zawo ayesavalelwe bubukrakra obungako, ukuxhatshazwa okukhulu ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni. Yiyiphi ingqiqo kolu hlobo lwemeko apho abantu baqhubeka bebandezeleka ngenxa yemiphumo yokuvalelwa kunye nayo yonke into ecacileyo.
[su_note] Eli libali elinomdla kakhulu nangona iimeko ezikhokelela ekuchazeni kwayo, kodwa ibonisa ukuba bonke abantu, ngaxa lithile, kuye kwafuneka badlule kwiimeko ezibuhlungu kodwa nangona kunjalo; Bagqiba kwelokuba baqhubeke benesimo sengqondo esihle nomoya wabo, nto leyo eyenza iimeko zinyamezeleke ngakumbi.[/su_note]
Ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka ufunda ngeencwadi zoncwadi ndiza kukushiyela ikhonkco elilandelayo ukuze undwendwele abantwana behashe.