Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, inkqubela phambili kwezenzululwazi neteknoloji yanda ngokukhawuleza, itshintsha ihlabathi kunye nendlela yalo yokunxibelelana ngonaphakade. ezi zezona zingcono IMIZEKELO YE-TEKNOLOJIA kubomi bemihla ngemihla eziye zaguqula ihlabathi, zenza izinto zibe lula kwaye zikhawuleze.
Yintoni iteknoloji?
Itekhnoloji lufundo lobuchule, uphuhliso lwesifundo esithile kukudityaniswa kolwazi olusemgangathweni, izixhobo ezivumela ukusungulwa okanye ukuphuculwa kwemveliso okanye inkonzo ethile.
Kukho ezahlukeneyo iintlobo zobuchwepheshe okanye imizekelo yetekhnoloji, kunye nokuhlelwa kwazo kuyahluka ngokwesicelo sabo, iimpawu zabo, ngokuhambelana nesimanje, phakathi kwabanye.
Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kuye kwakho inkqubela eninzi kwezobugcisa. Zonke ezi zibizwa ngokuba bubuchwephesha obutsha, apho izinto ezintsha, uphuhliso lwezixhobo kunye nenkqubela phambili kwisayensi eye yavumela indlela yokuphila esiyaziyo namhlanje igutyungelwe, kwaye sele ingenakucingelwa ukuba iphile ngaphandle kwabo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uphi na emhlabeni, iteknoloji iya kuhlala ikhona, nangona unokuqaphela ukuba eminye imizekelo yezobuchwepheshe kwamanye amazwe ihambele phambili kunakwamanye.
Okulandelayo, siza kukubonisa i-25 ephezulu kwezona zibalaseleyo imizekelo yeteknoloji kubomi bemihla ngemihla eziye zatshintsha indlela yokuphila yomntu ngonaphakade.
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Amandla acocekileyo
Ukusuka kwiiselfowuni, i-intanethi ukuya kwisikhenkcisi seemveliso ezitshabalalayo, ezi zezinye zemizekelo yezobuchwepheshe esebenza ngombane. Ke ngoko isizukulwana sayo ibe yinkalo yokufunda ebanzi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuveliswa kombane kunokuba yingozi kwimeko-bume, ngoko ke ubugcisa obahlukeneyo buhlolisiswe obuvumela ukuveliswa kombane ngaphandle kokudala impembelelo engako kwimekobume. Phakathi kwezinye zezi teknoloji singakhankanya iipaneli zelanga, amandla e-nuclear fission, kunye namandla omoya.
Zonke ezi teknoloji zisebenzisa izixhobo zendalo ezizinzileyo kwaye, nangona zikwazi ukuvelisa ungcoliseko lwendalo, azinakuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kwamandla ngeehydrocarbons. Onke amandla aphuma kobu bugcisa bunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo abizwa ngokuba ngamandla acocekileyo.
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Nanotechnology
Singabhekisa kumlinganiswa odumileyo oyintsomi oyiMarvel njengo "Ironman". Uhlaziyo lwamva nje lwesuti yakhe lwalune-nanotechnology, eyavumela isuti yakhe ukuba yakhe ngakuye, ngokungathi ulwelo luyayigquma, kwaye inezinye iimpawu.
Kubomi bokwenyani, amalaphu ayakwazi ukuzicoca ngokwawo, ukulawula amaqondo obushushu, kunye nokutshintsha umbala ayayilwa. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-nanochips, oko kukuthi, i-nanotechnology. Ngomnye umzekelo weteknoloji.
Le teknoloji ifuna ukuphuhlisa izixhobo okanye iimveliso kwi-microscale, apho kunokwenzeka ukuguqula izinto kwinqanaba le-athomu.
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imfundo ye-intanethi
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, imfundo yayijongene nje ubuso ngobuso. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokufika kwe-intanethi, imfundo ikwazile ukufikelela kwezona ndawo zinzima kakhulu emhlabeni. Kukho iinkampani ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibutho engenzi ngeniso ekhuthaza imfundo yasimahla kwi-Intanethi.
Imfundo nge-Intanethi ngumzekelo wobugcisa obuvumele abantu abasuka kwamanye amazwe ukuba bafundiswe ziiyunivesithi ezaziwayo ezifana ne "Harvard" kumgama omde, nto leyo eyenza imfundo ye-Intanethi ibe ngomnye wemizekelo echukumisayo yeteknoloji.
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ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini
Kukho amazwe apho amanzi okusela ayinto enqabileyo kakhulu okanye engasebenziyo. Imbi into yokuba izityalo ezikwaziyo ukukhupha ityuwa kumanzi olwandle ziye zaphunyezwa, ukuze zikwazi ukuselwa ebantwini.
Le mfuno iye yavela kwakhona ngenxa yokwanda kwabemi behlabathi, njengoko inani labemi kwiplanethi enguMhlaba lisanda, kukho imfuno enkulu yamanzi okusela. Ngoko ke, ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa kumanzi olwandle kuyimfuneko, ukuze kubekho olu lwelo lubalulekileyo.
Namhlanje kukho izityalo zokukhupha ityuwa, kodwa ezi zivelisa inkunkuma engcolisa izityalo nezilwanyana. Ukukhuthazwa koku, namhlanje uphando lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuphuhlisa iteknoloji ekhupha amanzi ngaphandle kokunyusa impembelelo kwindalo.
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Indibaniselwano yeeselfowuni kunye neekhompyutha
Ukwandisa i-smartphone yethu iba nzima ngakumbi kwaye ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko emsebenzini wethu. Ke yinto yexesha elincinci ngaphambi kokuba iiselfowuni zethu zithathe indawo yeekhompyuter zethu.
Ewe, ukufezekisa oku, ii-microprocessors ezinamandla ngakumbi, i-ROM enkulu kunye neenkumbulo ze-RAM ziya kufuneka, kodwa njengoko siye sakwazi ukujonga kulo nyaka uphelileyo, iinkampani ezifana ne-iPhone, i-Samsung, i-Xiaomi kunye nabanye ngokuqinisekileyo zijolise kule fowuni ephezulu kakhulu.
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i-quantum computing
Kwicomputing yakudala, amasuntswana aqulathe kuphela kunye noziro asetyenziswa ukuchaza imeko. Kwimeko ye-quantum computing, i-qubit isetyenziswa, okanye ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-quantum bit. I-qubit ivumela ubukho bamazwe omabini, oko kukuthi, ingaba enye okanye i-zero, okanye enye kunye ne-zero ngexesha elinye.
Lo mzekelo wethekhinoloji uvela ngenxa yokunciphisa ubungakanani bomzimba wamacandelo e-elektroniki afunyenwe kwiikhomputha eziqhelekileyo.
Kwanaxa izikali zamashumi ambalwa ee<em>nanometers ziye zafikelelwa, kufika inqanaba apho la malungu ayeka ukusebenza kakuhle ukuba ancitshiswe ngakumbi ngobukhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ii-electron ziyakwazi ukudlula kwizinto ezibhityileyo kakhulu, kwaye ke ngoko azinakuqulathwa ngaphakathi kweengoma ekufuneka zijikeleze kuzo.
Yingakho i-computing ye-quantum iphakanyisiwe, evumela ukuvavanywa kweemeko ezimbini ezinengqiqo ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa ukukhawuleza kunye neziphumo ezikhawulezayo. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho amasuntswana amathathu kuphela akhoyo, kuya kubakho amazwe asibhozo, kodwa irejista inokuthathela ingqalelo enye yezi zizwe zisibhozo, ezo ziya kuba:
0 0 0, 0 0 1, 0 1 0, 0 1 1, 1 0 0, 1 0 1, 1 1 0, 1 1 1.
Xa ujongana nekhompyutha eqhelekileyo, irekhodi inokuqwalasela kuphela enye yezi ndawo zisibhozo ezinengqiqo, nangona kunjalo kwi-quantum computing la mazwe asibhozo anokubekwa phezulu ukuze ahlalutywe ngaxeshanye.
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Ifu
Namhlanje, zonke izixhobo ezihlakaniphile ziqhagamshelwe kwi-intanethi. Kwaye ngumbulelo ekudalweni kwe "Lifu" apho banokudityaniswa khona. Ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha ezifana nee-TV ezihlakaniphile, iifriji ezihlakaniphile, oomatshini bokuhlamba abahlakaniphile kunye nezinye izixhobo ezininzi ezinokuqhagamshelwa, kodwa ngaphezu kwazo zonke zilawulwe kwiLifu.
Ukongeza, iLifu livumela ugcino kunye nokuhlaziya ngexesha lokwenyani lolwazi olubalulekileyo kumsebenzisi.
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Qhagamshelana neLens Smartphones
Ziiglasi ezihlakaniphile ezikwazi ukudibanisa nokubonisa i-intanethi kwiilensi zabo, kwaye obu buchwepheshe sele bufunyenwe kuMntla Melika naseYurophu.
Enye yeenkampani ezinkulu eziphuhlisa le teknoloji yiGoogle kwiprojekthi yayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Glass", yayinekhefu elincinane kwi-2015, kodwa yaphinda yahlaziywa ngo-2017.
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Ukugcinwa kwedatha
Njengoko ulwazi kunye nolwazi oluqokelelwe ngamashishini, iiyunivesithi kunye namanye amaziko esanda, kuyimfuneko ukuba ibe nendawo yokugcina enkulu kunye nenkulu. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wememori yeekhompyuter ezikhoyo ulinganiselwe kwaye oku kuye kwakhokelela ekufuneni ukufumana iindawo zokugcina idatha.
Ngokomzekelo, iprojekthi yaqalwa kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard yokugcina idatha kwi-DNA, le projekthi yaphumelela, ilawula ukugcina ukuya kwi-700 TB kwigram enye yeDNA. Enye iprojekthi efanayo yaqhutywa yi-IBM ekwazile ukugcina intwana yolwazi kwiiathom ezilishumi elinambini nje.
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Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ngaphakathi komntu.
Ukusuka kushicilelo lwamalungu okwenziwa ukuya kwiitshiphusi ezifakwe emzimbeni ukuhlawula ukuthenga, ezi zezinye zeeprojekthi ezicetywayo kwaye ziphuhliswe kutshanje.
Ezi ntlobo zezixhobo kunye nemathiriyeli zijolise ikakhulu kwindawo yezempilo, njengezikhumba ezenziweyo ezinceda abantu abathe batshiswa kukutsha, okanye iiprostheses nge iteknoloji yerobhothi ezilinganisa ukusebenza kwamalungu anokusebenza njengofakelo.
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krelekrele eyenziweyo
Le mizekelo yobuchwephesha ibhekisa kobo bulumko busetyenziswa bubuchwepheshe berobhothi okanye zizixhobo ezenziweyo ezifana ne-Deep Blue supercomputer okanye i-IBM Watson. I-Artificial Intelligence ithathwa njengokwaziyo ukuqonda okusingqongileyo, ukufunda nokwenza iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zokusombulula iingxaki ukuphumeza injongo emiselweyo. Ewe, njengakwindalo, kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo obulumko bokwenziwa.
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zebhayoloji zokwenziwa
Ukusukela ekunyukeni kophononongo lwemfuza, kufunyaniswe kwaye iimveliso ezinjengokutya okwenziwa kunye nezitho zokwenziwa ziye zaphuhliswa ukusuka kwiiseli ze-stem.
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ubunjineli bemozulu
Ngenxa yokukhutshwa okukhulu kwekharbon diokside emoyeni, kuye kwacetywa iiprojekthi ezininzi zokubamba le gesi. Njengoko kusaziwa, ukugqithisa kwe-CO2 kwi-atmosfera yethu kuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, iinjineli ezininzi emhlabeni jikelele ziye zavelisa izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukubamba i-carbon dioxide emoyeni ukuze kamva zihlanjululwe kwaye zisetyenziselwe iinjongo zorhwebo, umzekelo ukudibanisa i-fuel.
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uQhagamshelwano loBuchule
Iguqulelwe kwiSpanish njengekhonkco lobuchopho. Ubunjineli bemfuza kwiminyaka yakutshanje bugxile kwizifundo zabo ekwenzeni imephu yomzimba womntu. Olu phando luye lwazama ukutyhila unxibelelwano phakathi kweekhemikhali kunye neentshukumo zombane kwiineurons zethu xa sifunda kwaye sinkqaya.
Le projekthi ifuna ukuphuhlisa iteknoloji eyenziweyo ekwaziyo ukuxelisa indlela yokuziphatha kwengqondo yomntu.
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umthombo wobutsha
Kukho isifundo sobuchwepheshe obulibazisa ukuguga kwee-neurons zengqondo, ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwempembelelo yombane kwingqondo, ngenjongo yokusenza sifunde kwaye sikhumbule ngaphandle kokuchatshazelwa kukuguga.
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Iimoto zombane
Omnye woovulindlela kwimveliso yeemoto zombane ube yinkampani ka-Elon Musk iTesla Motors. Ineempawu ezifanayo njengemoto eqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba inkqubo yayo yokuqhubela phambili isekelwe kwiinjini zombane.Kutheni i-hydrocarbon fuel endaweni yamandla ombane. Inzuzo yezi nqwelo kukuba zihambelana nokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa neenqwelo eziqhelekileyo.
Ngokunjalo, le nkampani ifundela ukuba nokwenzeka kokuvelisa enye isithuthi esebenzisa imagnethi yokulinganisa njengendlela yokudibanisa.
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Igenome yomntu
Namhlanje siyakwazi ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukhokho wethu kunye nomngcipheko wezifo ngokulandelelana okuphakathi kweDNA yethu. Ndiyabulela kwiziphumo zophando lweProjekthi yeGenome yoMntu kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nalo lwazi, ekubeni bakwazi ukugqiba ngempumelelo ukulandelelana okupheleleyo kwe-DNA yomntu.
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Robotics
La iteknoloji yerobhothi Ivela kwindibaniselwano yeenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngoomatshini, i-electronics, computational okanye iinkqubo. Le teknoloji inegalelo ekuboneleleni ngemisebenzi enzima engenakuqhutywa yindoda enye, ekufuneka igqitywe ngokukhawuleza kunye neyona mpazamo encinci. Ngoku imisebenzi ebikade yenziwa ngamadoda ali-100 kwaye ithatha iiyure okanye iintsuku ukuyigqiba inokugqitywa ngerobhothi enye, igqitywe ngemizuzu nje embalwa ngempazamo encinci.
Ukongezelela, iteknoloji ye-robotic iye yanciphisa ukuphazamiseka kumashishini, ekubeni "umsebenzi" ongafumani mvuzo, usebenza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokudinwa okanye ikhefu okanye iiholide, uhlala iminyaka kwinkampani ngaphandle kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, ulandela imiyalelo kuphela.
Nabani na unokucinga ukuba yinto nje yexesha ngaphambi kokuba iirobhothi zithathe indawo yabantu ngokupheleleyo, kwaye zide zisose ngokuzithoba kuthi kwaye zibe ngabasebenzi bazo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kukude nenyani, kuba oku kuya kwenzeka kuphela xa irobhothi ikwazi ukwenza enye i-robot ekrelekrele ngakumbi, kunye ne-ad infinitum. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu umntu wayeza kuphulukana nolawulo.
Itekhnoloji yerobhothi ibe negalelo elikhulu kwimimandla yolwakhiwo lwezibhedlele, izikolo, iimoto. Ngokunokwenzeka, itekhnoloji yerobhothi iya kuvumela kwixesha elizayo elingekude kakhulu ubukho ukusuka ekhaya ukuya kwizixeko ezikrelekrele.
Ngokubanzi, iteknoloji yerobhothi iyakwazi ukuqonda indawo yayo kwaye yenza izenzo ezivumela ukuba ifezekise injongo eyilelwe yona. Inkqubela phambili yokuqala kwitekhnoloji yerobhothi isebenze kumashishini azenzekelayo. Ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha berobhothi namhlanje kususela kwezolimo ukuya emajukujukwini.
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iimoto ezingenabantu
Ibinzana elithi "i-autopilot" alizange lilungele kangcono izithuthi eziphuhliswayo yi-Tesla motors ngokubambisana ne-Google, isithuthi sombane esingadingi ukuba umqhubi aqhube. Oku akuquki izithuthi zomntu kuphela kodwa kunye nokuthuthwa kwabantu abaninzi njengomgaqo ongaphantsi okanye umgaqo ongaphantsi.
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Ukushicilelwa kwe-3D
Le teknoloji ivumela uyilo olune-dimensional-dimensional, eprintwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiplastiki ehlaziyiweyo ukuya kwitshokolethi.
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uhambo lwabucala ukuya emajukujukwini
Kukho iinkampani ezifana ne-SpaceX kunye ne-Virgin Galactic enomdla wokuthengisa uhambo oluya emajukujukwini apho nabani na okwaziyo ukuhlawula olu hambo ahlala amava esithuba.
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Ujongano lomsebenzisi wendalo
Le mizekelo yetekhnoloji ifuna ukusebenzisa izijekulo zendalo zomntu njengemiyalelo kwizixhobo zombane ezinje ngee-smartphones okanye imidlalo yevidiyo. I-Wii console ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo osebenzisa izijekulo zomsebenzisi ukusebenzisana kumdlalo wevidiyo.
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IiKhompyutha eziNxitywayo kunye ne-HUD
Ibhekisela kuzo zonke izixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nezihlakaniphile, njengemeko yomnye wemizekelo ekhankanywe ngaphambili yeteknoloji efana neGlasi kaGoogle.
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Imizekelo yeTekhnoloji: I-Cybersecurity
Ngokukhuthazwa yinyaniso yokuba phantse lonke ulwazi ngoku lugciniwe kwaye lulawulwa ngokwedijithali, kuye kwaba yimfuneko ukufumana iindlela zokhuseleko ezikhusela nokukhusela ubumfihlo bayo.
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Urhulumente 2.0
Omnye wemizekelo ephikisana kakhulu yethekhinoloji kubomi bemihla ngemihla kukuphunyezwa koRhulumente 2.9. Injongo yale projekthi kukudibanisa ezopolitiko kunye norhulumente ngqo nabemi.
Ngokubanzi, unxibelelwano oorhulumente abanqwenela ukulwenza lwenziwa ngamajelo eendaba, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izikhundla zala majelo zikhona, kwaye injongo yeendaba inokuchaphazeleka.
Le projekthi iceba ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi njengenkqubo yonxibelelwano phakathi kwezopolitiko nabemi kunye neziphumo zolawulo lwabo. Umceli mngeni wale ndlela yonxibelelwano ngowokuba ngabemi bathatha isigqibo malunga nokuba loluphi na ulwazi abamamela okanye balufunde kwaye bangalufundi.
Ngokufanayo, ekubeni i-intanethi yindlela evulekileyo nekhululekileyo, ivumela umkhuphi ukuba athelekise ulwazi olunikezwa ngurhulumente kunye neminye imithombo. Ke ngoko, iintetho zokulawula umyalezo okanye ulwazi ngabapolitiki azinakwenzeka ukuba le ndlela isetyenziswa.
Ezinye zeempawu zalo rhulumente 2.0 kukuba njengoko zininzi iingosi zeendaba, amaphulo ezopolitiko aya kuba yidemokhrasi. Abemi baya kuba nobubele ngokwaneleyo ukuba banxibelelane ngokuthe ngqo nabezopolitiko babo kwaye ngokuphambeneyo. ngaphandle kokusebenzisa nawuphi na umthetheli njengearhente yobudlelwane boluntu enokufihla ngokulula ulwazi ofuna ukuludlulisela.
Kananjalo, ingaphulukana nentsingiselo kumaphulo onyulo kuba abemi banokuthumela izimvo zabo ngexesha lokwenyani koorhulumente babo.
Unxibelelwano loluntu luya kuba yinto ethatha isigqibo malunga nokuba uluphumelele na okanye hayi ulonyulo. Usopolitiki kuya kufuneka enze unxibelelwano lokwenyani nabemi, kuba ebengayi kukwazi ukulawula iindlela zobuchwephesha bezopolitiko.
Ke uRhulumente we-2.0 ngomnye wemizekelo ephikisana kakhulu yetekhnoloji ecetywayo.