Ngaba iipaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli zelanga ziyafana? Ukuba kwabaninzi umbuzo unokubonakala ungabalulekanga, kwabanye, ngenxa "hayi iingcali", impendulo ayicacanga kangako.
Iiphaneli zelanga iipaneli ze-thermal kunye ne-photovoltaic zizisombululo ezibini ezinceda ukwenza amakhaya ethu ngakumbi Iyahlonipha okusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha elininzi, ezi nkqubo zimbini zitshintshisana xa sithetha ngamandla, kwaye kungenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo akucaci kakuhle. Kweli nqaku sikhanyisa ngombandela kwaye sicacisa ezintle ukuwafaka ezindlwini.
Makhe sithethe ngokubanzi malunga ne-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga
Ixesha "iphaneli yelanga" Ligama elithi “generic”. Ngelithi “solar” sithetha iteknoloji esebenzisa ilanga ukufumana amandla. Ligama elithi "generic" elinokuthi libandakanye, kwiimvakalelo eziqhelekileyo, zombini iipaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga.
Amandla, njengoko siwasebenzisa kwiinkonzo zethu zoluntu, anokuba ziindidi ezimbini: amandla ezishushu y umbane. Kwimeko yokuqala ilula calor: Ubushushu obusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi ashushu asekhaya okanye ukondla inkqubo yokufudumeza. Kwimeko yesibini, ngumbane esiwusebenzisa mihla le emakhayeni ethu.
Amaxesha amaninzi igama elithi "iphaneli yelanga" lithetha "iphaneli yelanga eshushu", oko kukuthi, ipaneli esebenzisa ubushushu belanga ukuvelisa amanzi ashushu.
amandla acocekileyo naphantsi
Iiphaneli zelanga bavelisa amandla acocekileyo kwaye banciphise ukuxhomekeka kwethu kwixabiso lezinto zemveli, benyusa ixabiso lendlu kunye nokunciphisa amatyala.
khetha phakathi kwe-a iphaneli yelanga ye-photovoltaic okanye iphaneli yobushushu belanga akusoloko kulula. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ezi teknoloji zimbini zisebenza njani kwaye zahluke njani.
Ziziphi iiphaneli zelanga kwaye kutheni uzifake?
Namhlanje kukho imisebenzi emininzi yemihla ngemihla ebangela ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwi-bill: iimoto zombane, i-induction hobs, iibhoyili, oomatshini bokuhlamba kwiiyure ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zosuku.. Liipaneli zelanga Zizixhobo zobuchwepheshe ezikwazi ukuguqula amandla elanga abe ngumbane okanye amanzi ashushu asekhaya. , kodwa ngaphezu kwazo zonke zibonelela ngoncedo lwekhonkrithi yokugcina amandla.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga
Ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuthetha ngeeyantlukwano, masiqale ngezinto eziqhelekileyo. Ezo ngongoma zisenza sisebenzise la magama mabini ukubhekisa kuhlobo lwamandla eneneni anomahluko othile phakathi kwethu, sinokuthi zombini iinkqubo yenziwe ngeepaneli zelanga (nokuba bahluke omnye komnye). Zombini enye kunye nezinye, ngokubanzi faka phezu kophahla kwezindlu. Iiphaneli ze-Photovoltaic kunye ne-solar thermal zisebenzisa amandla elanga ukusebenza. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, phakathi kokufana, sinokugxininisa ukuba akukho namnye kubo ivelisa izinto ezikhutshwayo eziyingozi Ngemeko-bume.
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini yindlela asetyenziswa ngayo amandla athathwe lilanga:
- Iiphaneli iisola thermal sebenzisa imitha yelanga ukuze ukuvelisa ubushushu, oko kukuthi, amandla okushisa okuveliswa kwamanzi ashushu.
- Iiphaneli lungelozi sebenzisa amandla elanga ukuze ukuvelisa umbane.
Okulandelayo siza kubona ukuba basebenza njani kwiinkcukacha ezincinci.
Iiphaneli ze-Photovoltaic
Iiphaneli ze-Photovoltaic zenziwe ngeemodyuli ezininzi ezihlanganiswe kunye iiseli ze-silicon photovoltaic ngaphakathi eziguqula ukukhanya kube ngamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibekwe kwindawo yophahla evumela ukuba wenze uninzi lwemitha yelanga emini, ngokuqhelekileyo. emzantsi okanye kumzantsi-ntshona, kunye nokuthambekela kwe-30-35 °. Zombini i-inclination kunye ne-orientation ziyilelwe ukwenza uninzi lwamandla elanga.
Kodwa le nkqubo isebenza njani? Imitha yelanga ibanjwa ngamaphaneli ukuba velisa umbane ophantsi wombane oqhubekayo. Ukusebenzisa la mandla, abaguquli que guqula amandla abe ngama-220 volts ukuze isetyenziswe emakhayeni ethu.
Imodyuli ye-photovoltaic sisixhobo eso yenza okwangoku, ivumela ukuguqula amandla elanga kumbane ngokubonga kwi-photovoltaic effect. I iphaneli ye-Photovoltaic ivelisa umbane ekufuneka usetyenziswe ngexesha lemveliso okanye ngenye indlela usasazwe. Ukuthintela ukusasazwa kukho iindlela ezimbini:
- Umbane ufakwa kwigridi uze usetyenziswe xa kufuneka.
- umsinga wombane ugcinwa kwiibhetri kwaye uphinde usetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo.
Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuzalisa uphahla ngeepaneli ze-photovoltaic?
Ubungakanani bepaneli yelanga bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubungakanani bamandla esifuna ukuvelisa, iipaneli ezimbalwa zanele kwiimfuno zekhaya, kodwa ukuba siceba ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukubonelela umbane kwinkampani yonke, enjalo. njengoko zisetyenziswa namhlanje kwimizi-mveliso emininzi, kuya kufuneka okuninzi ngakumbi.
Akukho mda kwinani leepaneli ze-photovoltaic esinokufaka isicelo phezu kophahla, ngaphandle kokuba kukho imida yesakhiwo kwindlu, ngakumbi ukuba siceba kwakhona ukufaka ibhetri egcina amandla. Enyanisweni, iipaneli ezininzi ze-photovoltaic zinethuba lokudibanisa ibhetri evumela ukuba amandla avelisiweyo agcinwe ukuze asetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo, umzekelo, emva kwemini okanye ngeentsuku ze-cloudier. Xa ibhetri igcwele, ukuba iphaneli ivelisa ukugqithisa, kunokwenzeka kwakhona beka amandla eziveliswe kuthungelwano, ngale ndlela singakwazi siphumelele ngamandla esiwavelisayo.
iiphaneli zelanga ezishushu
Iiphaneli zelanga I-thermal ifana kakhulu ne-photovoltaic kodwa igqitywe imibhobho enamanzi. Imitha yelanga ifudumeza amanzi athi ke aqokelelwe asetyenziswe yonke imihla okanye ukufudumeza. Ngokungafani neepaneli ze-photovoltaic, iipaneli zelanga ze-thermal yenziwe ngentsimbi (ezifana ne-aluminiyam, ubhedu, intsimbi) kunye neglasi.
Iiphaneli zelanga, okanye "i-thermal solar panels", ziipaneli ezithi, ezibekwe phezu kophahla lwendlu, zisebenzise ubushushu belanga ukuvelisa amanzi ashushu. Inkqubo yelanga, ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo ye-photovoltaic, yinkqubo ye "hydraulic" esebenzisa a ulwelo lokufudumeza ubushushu . Olu lwelo, olufudunyezwa kwiipaneli ngenxa yobushushu belanga, buthwala ubushushu bubhekise kwi-a i-accumulator. Sinokuyicingela le accumulator njenge "boiler" efumana amanzi abandayo "engenayo" kwaye ibuyisela amanzi ashushu "ephumayo", kubushushu obufunwayo. Kule accumulator "ukutshintshiselana kwe-thermal" kwenzeka: amanzi abandayo avela kwinethiwekhi afudumala ngenxa yobushushu obuthuthwa ngumbane wokudlulisa ubushushu ukusuka kwiipaneli zelanga.
Iinxalenye zepaneli yelanga eshushu
Yonke into ihlanganiswe yigesi okanye ibhoyili yombane ekwazi ukufudumeza amanzi xa ubushushu obuveliswa ngamapaneli elanga akwanelanga. Iziphumo zokonga amandla zinomdla kakhulu.
Isishwankathelo, iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo ezenza inkqubo ye-thermal yelanga yile: umqokeleli welanga, i-accumulator, i-generator yokudibanisa (ipompo yokushisa okanye ibhoyili yokunciphisa) kunye neyunithi yokulawula.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepaneli zelanga ezishushu:
- ukuqokelela ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo ye-thermal yelanga yenziwe ngetanki kunye nepaneli ebekwe kwindawo echatshazelwe ngakumbi kukukhanya kwelanga;
- ukujikeleza ngenkani inkqubo ye-thermal yelanga apho ukuqokelelana kwamanzi ashushu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo;
- inkqubo ye-thermal yelanga kunye nokujikeleza kwendalo apho ukujikeleza kwamanzi ashushu kunye nabandayo kwenzeka ngokwemvelo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweepaneli ze-thermal kuye Zininzi izibonelelo, eyokuqala yinto enokwenzeka gubungela i-70-80% yamanzi ashushu afunekayo ekhayeni.
Nalu uluhlu lwezona ziphambili iingenelo ze-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga Kwimeko apho ucinga ukufakela esinye sezisombululo ezimbini kwikhaya lakho.
Ziziphi iingenelo zokuba ne-photovoltaic okanye iipaneli ze-thermal zelanga ekhaya?
Izibonelelo zokufakela ezi zimbini iinkqubo zininzi kwaye zivela kwizizathu kwezoqoqosho nokuba izizathu imigaqo yokusingqongileyo:
- ukuncitshiswa kweendleko ze-invoyisi, ukuba ngoku zibiza kakhulu;
- ukutsalwa kwerhafu yofakelo iipaneli ze-photovoltaic ukuya kwi-60% kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga ukuya kwi-50%;
- iimpembelelo eziphantsi kwendalo, iipaneli zelanga lukhetho lokuziphatha ngenxa yokuba lusekelwe kumthombo wamandla angenamkhawulo kunye nococekileyo, ilanga, kwaye kwakhona alikhuphe i-carbon dioxide emoyeni;
- ziyinyani utyalo mali, ngaphezu kokubuyisela iindleko ngokuthatha inzuzo yenkuthazo, inzuzo yerhafu, kwaye ngaphezu kokukukhulula kwiindleko ze-invoyisi, banokunyusa ixabiso lepropati ngokunyusa iklasi yamandla;
- yenza indlu izimele kwimveliso yombane kunye namanzi ashushu.
Ngokucacileyo, nolu hlobo lwezityalo, njengezo zemveli, ziphantsi kophononongo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kusetyenziswa i-100% yamandla azo. Kwakhona, iipaneli ziphantsi kokugqoka kunye nokukrazula ixesha elide, nangona zixhatshazwa kakhulu kwimozulu, ekuhambeni kwexesha iipaneli azisasebenzi njengoko zisanda kufakwa. Eyakho ubude bexesha buqikelelwa phakathi kwama-20 nama-30 eminyaka, emva koko kungcono ukuzalisa kwakhona ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo njengangaphambili. Oku kuya kuba yenye yeengxaki zangoku apho amaxabiso ezi panels isephezulu kakhulu.
Ukuqwalaselwa kweepaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye ne-thermal yelanga
Njengoko sibonile, iipaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye neepaneli ze-thermal zelanga isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokuvelisa amandla ombane kunye ne-thermalEnyanisweni, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amakhaya amaninzi, kodwa kunye neenkampani, zikhethe ukwamkela ezi zisombululo. Ngexesha apho ingqalelo kwiplanethi ngumba oneendleko ezikhulayo obandakanya thina sonke, ukwamkela izicombululo ezisivumela ukuba senze njalo ukusebenzisa amandla ahlaziyekayo Lukhetho olusesikweni kodwa kwangaxeshanye luluncedo kumntu wonke.
Kwaye sele uyifakile i-photovoltaic okanye iipaneli zelanga ezishushu kwikhaya lakho? Siyathemba ukuba ngeli nqaku uneembono ezicacileyo kancinci malunga nomahluko phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini kwaye, mhlawumbi, sikuqinisekisile ukuba ukuba uthathe ithuba lamandla ahlaziyekayo elanga kusetyenziso lwakho lwemihla ngemihla.