Ukutshintshela umthi sisenzo esintsonkothileyo phakathi kwe-arboriculture. Iprojekthi yolu hlobo ifuna ulwazi lobugcisa, abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu zokuyiqhuba. Xa utyala umthi, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kunye neengcambu, kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba zikude kangakanani na ezinokuthenwa, kuba ukuphathwa kakubi kweengcambu kuthetha ukufa kwesityalo. Kwesi sithuba sithi xa kufuneka utshintshe umthi.
Tshintshela uMthi
Imithi zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwimihlaba yendalo kunye nedolophu, kwezinye iimeko ziyinxalenye yembali yezibini, iintsapho, iindawo kunye nezigqibo ezinkulu zezopolitiko nezenkolo, ezifana Inkolo yenkolo, ezinxulumene nobuBhuda. Njengendlela yokukhusela imithi, inkqubo yokutshintshwa kwemithi yaphunyezwa kwiiprojekthi zoyilo lokusingqongileyo.
Ukutshintshwa kwemithi kufuna ubuchule kunye nenzululwazi, kuba umthi ngamnye ukhethekile kwaye ngoko kufuneka uqhutywe kulandelwa isicwangciso esineenkcukacha. Ukwenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo ziyilwe kwaye zinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wokunceda iingcaphephe zemithi yomthi zifuduse iisampulu zemithi emikhulu ngexesha leprojekthi yokujonga umhlaba. Ukwenza uqhaqho-fakelo lomthi, ezinye izikhokelo jikelele kufuneka zilandelwe ezizimeleyo kumthi oza kushenxiswa kunye nesithuba esitsha apho usiwa khona, ngezantsi.
xa ukwenza
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokufuduswa nokuphinda uyigalele imithi kuxa ikwinqanaba lokukhula kwayo kwaye iimeko zomhlaba zilungile. Ngokumalunga neemeko zemozulu, ngeenyanga zasebusika izinga lokukhula liyehla kwiintlobo zezityalo ezinamagqabi ahlala eluhlaza kwaye akukho kudlula kwimithi evuthulukayo. Kwinqanaba layo lokuhluma kuthandeka ngakumbi ukuthenwa okubukhali okwenziwa ukunciphisa umthamo wamasebe kunye namagqabi.
Iintlobo zemithi kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo
Ukutshintshwa kwemithi kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye neentlobo zomthi. Kufuneka ukwazi iimfuno zokusingqongileyo apho ikhula khona kwindalo, ukwazi indlela yokukhetha indawo yokuyifudusa, ubuninzi bokukhanya, iimeko zokukhupha umhlaba. Imilinganiselo enokwenzeka yophuhliso lomntu ngamnye. Ukongeza koku, ukufuduswa kweziseko, ukudlula kwenethiwekhi yombane, igesi, amanzi, umnxeba kunye nezinye iipayipi kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo.
Isimo sePhytosanitary
Iimeko ze-phytosanitary kunye nesondlo somthi kufuneka zihlolwe. Kwimeko yokugula okanye ukuhlaselwa sisitshabalalisi, unyango olufanelekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe ukubuyisela umfuziselo mhlawumbi kwisifo okanye ukuphelisa izinambuzane, ii-arachnids kunye nasiphi na esinye isitshabalalisi esisichaphazelayo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kuhlawulwe okanye kuchunyiswe ngeenyanga eziphambi kofakelo ukuze kuqokelelwe oovimba besondlo.
Prune umthi
Ukwenza uqhaqho-fakelo, ukuthenwa okuqatha kwamasebe esiphelo sethenda kufuneka kwenziwe, oku kuya kuvumela ukugqithiswa kwencindi enyukayo ukuba kuveliswe kwixesha elizayo, okuya kuba lolona ncedo lulungileyo lokuntshula kwamathupha amatsha. Nje ukuba ukuthenwa kugqityiwe, ukusikeka emasebeni nakwiingcambu kufuneka kuphiliswe.Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe into ephilisa imifuno, efana netar. Oku kunciphisa ilahleko yencindi kunye nokuhlaselwa yi-microorganisms.
umcebisi
Abafundisi babekwe kwiindawo ezine ezahlukeneyo, kuba oku kufakwe iintambo okanye iintambo, kunye nezibonda kunye neentsimbi. Aba bahlohli kufuneka babekwe xa ukutshintshwa kwaye kucetyiswa ukuba bagcinwe kwindawo emva kokutshintshela kwindawo yabo ekhethiweyo njengento ecacileyo. Oku kunokushiywa ubuncinane unyaka omnye kwaye yintoni efanelekileyo phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwe-4, ngenjongo yokukhula ngokuqinileyo kunye nempilo.
Lungiselela ibhola yeengcambu
Ububanzi bomjikelezo webhola lengcambu bunqanyulwe ngefosholo kubunzulu. Impumelelo yokufakelwa komthi ixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kubukhulu bebhola yeengcambu zomhlaba. Oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yokususa umthi ngeengcambu zawo, uphelele kangangoko, kwaye usiwe kwindawo yawo entsha yokutyala ngoncedo loomatshini abanzima. Ngelixa utyalwa ngokutsha, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba kungonakali iziphelo zeengcambu.
Kwezi ziphelo zeerootlets ziinwele ezifunxayo zeengcambu, la ngamalungu akhethekileyo okufunxa amanzi kunye neeminerali emhlabeni. Iinwele ezifunxayo zibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ingcambu yeengcambu okanye isonka sodongwe kufuneka siphathwe ngononophelo olukhulu. Khusela i-rootball ukuze ingahlukani.
Ukuthintela ukuba i-rootball ihlukane, iyasuswa kwaye ifakwe ngokukhawuleza kwisiseko se-trunk kwaye zonke iingcambu zihlanganiswe ngezinto ezifanelekileyo ezifana ne-jute blanket, isikhwama se-polyethylene, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izinto ezinokuchithwa kwe-biodegradable Ngale ndlela. , le mvulophu ayidingeki ukuba isuswe, kodwa umthi utyalwe ngokhuseleko.
Ukuma nkqo
Ukunceda ukubeka umthi ngokuthe nkqo ngokupheleleyo, umgca weplumb wenziwa ngentambo kwaye ilitye liboshwe ekupheleni okanye ngokujonga okubonakalayo ukusuka kumanqaku amabini ahlukaniswe ngama-90 degrees. Ngokubhekiselele kumfundisi ofanelekileyo, kuya kuxhomekeka kwiindidi zomthi, iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nomhlaba.
Ngamanye amaxesha iintambo, iipali okanye izibonda zisetyenziswa, zilungiswe kakuhle, zibethelelwe emhlabeni kwaye zibotshelelwe kwiindawo ezimbini emthini. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukhuseleko olomeleleyo lubekwe ngezikhonkwane ezininzi ezirhangqwe ngomnatha wocingo. Ngezi zithintelo kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukuba izibophelelo zingonakalisi ixolo lomthi. Iistakethi zishiywe de amasebe amatsha aqalise ukukhula.
vula umngxuma
Ukuvulwa komngxuma kwenziwa phambi kokuba kuqaliswe imisebenzi yokutshintshwa komthi, oku kufuneka kube nobukhulu obuphindwe kabini kwisangqa sesangqa sebhola yeengcambu. Umhlaba ogcwaliswe umngxuma ucetyiswa ukuba ulungiswe ngomxube womhlaba omnyama ochumisiweyo ngezinto ezityebileyo kwizondlo, ngokweemfuno zezondlo zomthi ophathwayo kunye ne-drainage elungileyo, kunye nokukhululeka kuphuhliso oluhle lweengcambu.
Ukutyala
Xa utyala umthi otshintshiweyo, ubekwe ngentamo kwinqanaba lomhlaba, ngokuqwalasela ukuqhelaniswa ngaphambi kokufuduswa okutsha. Xa sele ityaliwe, izithinteli ziyabekwa kwaye ekugqibeleni kunkcenkceshelwe kakhulu. Kwiinyanga zokuqala kunye neminyaka, ukulandelwa kweemeko ze-phytosanitary zomthi wonke kunye nemeko ye-stakes iqhutywe, kuba oku kufuneka kuhlolwe emva komhla wemvula kunye nemimoya enamandla, ukulungelelanisa izibonda kunye neentambo. yabafundisi ukuze umthi ukhule usempilweni kwaye womelele.
Ndiyakumema ukuba uqhubeke nokwazi indalo emangalisayo kunye nendlela yokuyiphucula, ufunda ezi zithuba zilandelayo: