Zininzi iindlela zokubhaqa indlela ebonwa ngayo indalo kwaye oku kungenxa yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaziko anje ngeendawo zokuphonononga apho izazinzulu kunye nabangaqeqeshwanga banokuyonwabela indlela exatyiswa ngayo i-cosmos.
indlela ekhangeleka ngayo indalo
Ukutyhila isibhakabhaka sesinye sezona zabelo zivuyisayo awakhe wabonwa ngumntu. umntu. Kuphela kukuncoma okusele kusishiya simangale. Ukwazi ngakumbi kusenza sibe nomtsalane.
Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo siye sabona isibhakabhaka yaye siye sabonakalisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, iinkwenkwezi, eziye zasinceda saziqhelanisa, sazi ixesha lokulima okanye lokuvuna, izikhukula zemilambo eyothusayo okanye imozulu. Ukuzihlola linyathelo lokuqala lokufumanisa indlela iphela, apho sinokufumana khona izinto ezikhangayo, ezinjengokugubha i Umhlaba kunye nezinye iinkwenkwezi ngaphandle kokufuna nasiphi na esinye isixhobo ngaphandle kwamehlo ethu.
Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na i-artifact evumela ukuba sihambe ngakumbi ityhila ukuba isibhakabhaka asilokhaya leenkwenkwezi kunye nomnyele wethu kuphela. Indlela yobisi.
Ngale ndlela, ezinye iibhayinotyhulathi zasekhaya zisivumela ukuba siveze imingxuma yeNyanga, ezinye izinto ezisisiseko zeSolar System, iinkwenkwezi ezimbini, izihlwele ezivulekileyo, amaqela eglowubhulari, i-asterisms okanye amaqela athile eenkwenkwezi abonisa umdla, eminye iminyele kunye neminyele. nebulae.
Kwakhona i iteleskopu Sele isenza ukuba sihambe emajukujukwini ukubonisa ukuba iinkwenkwezi azikho nje amaqhekeza, zinesathelayithi, kwaye zizele zizinto ezinomdla nezikude, uninzi lwazo zinezinto ezithile, xa zisaziwa, ziyasandisa ingcamango icosmos enomdla. Kwingqokelela yethu, njengoko kunjalo ngamatye, iigalaksi, i-nebulae yeplanethi, i-comets, phakathi kwamanye amaqumrhu.
Iimilo kunye neenxalenye ezithile zokujongwa kwi-cosmos
Nangona kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumhla kunye nexesha lokuhlalutya, kolu hlobo lokuphuma ezona zinto ziphawulweyo zibonwa kwaye abona basebenzisana nabo luna, iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu, iminyele, iqoqo leglobula kunye ne-nebulae (nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuthi ziqatshelwe).
iindawo zecosmos
Ezinye zeendawo zecosmos, ukuze uqiniseke ukuba indalo iphela ijongwa njani kwaye ukwazi ukuba iphela, si:
Inyanga
El isatellite esisijikelezi-langa sethu, oko kukuthi, inyanga idla ngokuba yeyona nto iinkwenkwezi kwezi ziganeko. Nangona kunjalo, sisetyenziselwa ngokupheleleyo ukuhlula ngeso lenyama, isimbuku seenkcukacha ezinokuqikelelwa kuyo zidla ngokunikezelwa ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswa zizazi ngeenkwenkwezi.
Umbhali
IJupiter, eyona nkwenkwezi inkulu kwiSolar System. Iibhendi zoluhlu olungalinganiyo zinokuhlukaniswa kwaye, ukuba ubusuku bubumnyama, ezinye iimpawu ezincinci zomoya wayo. Kukwanjalo kakhulu endalo bona ezinye zeesathelayithi zayo ezinkulu kwaye, ukuba unethamsanqa, ukujikeleziswa kwazo okanye ubumnyama babo phezu kwendawo.
Saturn
Iphawuleka kakhulu ngenxa yodumo lwayo iihempe. Kulula ukuqaphela ezinye zeesathelayithi zayo zangaphambili.
Amaqela eGlobular
Ngenye ingqiqo, zenziwe ngamakhulu amawaka eenkwenkwezi eziqokelelwe kumlinganiselo onzima kakhulu omise okwesangqa ojikelezayo igalari. Ziinkwenkwezi ezindala kakhulu esele zinqongophele kumbandela owodwa owazisekayo. Kumnyele wethu sinokubona malunga ne-150 iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeglowubhu ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo.
I-Nebulae kunye neeNebula zePlanethi
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sineplanethi ye-nebulae, ezi zinto zinomdla kwi-cosmos zintsalela eziseleyo emva kokuba inkwenkwezi iqhuma kwi-supernova ekupheleni kobomi bayo. Phakathi kwezona zinto zixhaphakileyo yiLyra nebula kunye nomboniso wayo odumileyo weringi okanye I-nebula ukusuka eDumbbell.
Iminyele
Zizinto ezikude kakhulu kunezo zichazwe ngasentla. Benziwe ngamawaka ezigidi iinkwenkwezi, uninzi lwazo lusekwe ngomfanekiso ojikelezayo. Iminyele idibana ibe yiminyele emininzi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nganye kwezi ziko inokubonwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ukubona iphela.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-cosmos kunye nezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga
Ukulindela kwesibhakabhaka ngeso lenyama kwavuma kuphela ukufunda inxalenye encinci yeCosmos. Ngesi sizathu izixhobo zasetyenziswa, iiteleskopu optics, izixhobo kunye nobuchule ezenze ukuba kube nokwenzeka ukufumana ulwazi oluvela kwimimandla ekude kakhulu kwiNdalo yonke okanye iimbekiselo ezivela iinkwenkwezi kufutshane.
izixhobo zokujonga
Phakathi kwabo sinokubona:
iiteleskopu zamehlo
Los iiteleskopu I-optics iqokelela ukukhanya okubonakalayo, njengamehlo ethu, kodwa ixesha elide liphakanyisiwe, banokubonisa iinkwenkwezi, iinkwenkwezi kunye neminyele. Basebenza eMhlabeni kwaye nangakumbi esithubeni, befumana iifoto ezibukhali ngakumbi.
iiteleskopu zikanomathotholo emhlabeni
Kukho ezinye iiphosphorescences ze-electromagnetic spectrum ezifumaneka emazulwini, esingenakuzibona ngeso lenyama, abaninzi abafikeleli Umhlaba. Ngale ndlela, iiteleskopu zikanomathotholo ezisekelwe emhlabeni okanye iiteleskopu zikanomathotholo zii-antenna ezinkulu eziyilwe ukuqokelela amaza erediyo abanzi kakhulu.
Iiteleskopu ze-infrared kunye ne-ultraviolet
Kolunye ulandelelwano lweembono, kukwakho neeteleskopu ze-infrared kunye ne-ultraviolet, ezi kufuneka zibe ziiteleskopu ze-cosmic kuba amandla amancinane e-ultraviolet anqumla kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba. Eminye imizekelo efana neeteleskopu ze-Spitzer kunye ne-GALEX, oko kukuthi, uMhloli we-Evolution ye Iminyele, ihlola phantse isibhakabhaka siphela phantsi kokukhanya kwe-infrared kunye ne-ultraviolet ngokulinganayo. Siye samkelwa ukuba siqaphele ukudalwa kweenkwenkwezi ezintsha.
I-X-reyi kunye ne-gamma-ray telescopes
Kwakhona, iiteleskopu Ii-X-reyi kunye ne-Gamma-reyi zinokuhamba ngokukodwa esithubeni, kuba ii-Gamma-reyi ze-dynamism enkulu kunye nokwandiswa kwamaza amafutshane kakhulu zingenako ukudlula kwiatmosfera yesijikelezi-langa sethu, ziye zasivumela ukuba siqonde ukuyilwa kwemingxunya emnyama.
indalo ebonakalayo
Icandelo le Cosmos ukuba sahlula ngeliso lenyama lonyulwe sphere yasezulwini. Le yingqukuva nje eyintsomi, kunye noMhlaba kwi-axis, apho zikhoyo iinkwenkwezi. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 yezigidi zeminyaka yokukhanya.
Olona lukude lunokubonakaliswa ngumnyele ongummelwane weAndromeda, kunye neminyele emibini yesathelayithi yeMilky Way, oko kukuthi, amafu amaNcinci namaKhulu eMagellan. Yonke enye into ichaphazela umnyele wethu, oko kukuthi, lo Indlela yobisi.
Umda wendalo ebonakalayo
Amaxesha amaninzi kukho intetho yobukho bento yonke engabonakaliyo, nangona kunjalo, ekufundeni zendalo sinayo ukuba kukho ulwazi olubambekayo malunga nezifundo ezibonwayo, uphando oluqhubeka ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo. Ngamanye amazwi, uEthan Siegel uphendula lo mbuzo ungaqiqiyo malunga nemida yendalo ebonakalayo, malunga nendlela indalo ebonwa ngayo, kwaye, injani kanye kanye imida yendalo yethu enokubonwa? Impendulo epheleleyo igcwele iinkcukacha
Inkcazo emfutshane yeyokuba eyona minyele ikude ijikeleze i-35-37.000 yezigidigidi zeminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka kuthi, ngelixa i-cosmos ijikeleze i-46.000 yezigidigidi. Oku kushiya umda omalunga ne-10.000 yezigidi zeminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka kamva iminyele ukuya kutsho kumda wendalo ebonakalayo, ethi, njengoko igama layo elingengowalo libonisa, yeyona nto igqwesileyo siya kuze sikwazi ukuyiqwalasela okanye ukuyiqwalasela.
Okokugqibela, ukuqonda indlela indalo ebonwa ngayo, nokuba ngamanani, ukubala akukho nto ingako kwaye kuxhomekeke ekunyanisekeni kweethiyori ezininzi zecosmological kunye neenqobo eziqhele ukwamkelwa ngexesha lembali yefiziksi, njengeminyaka yobudala. zendalo kwaye nganye kwezi mboniso inokubonwa nge iiteleskopu.