indlela echazayo umxhuzulane uwuchaphazela njani umhlaba Inokwenzeka ngobunzima bethu. Ngaloo ndlela, yintoni isikali esibonisa ngayo ayixhomekanga kuphela kubunzima bethu, kodwa nakumandla ommandla wokuxhuzula apho sikhoyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba, ngendalo enye, sinobunzima obungaphezulu okanye obungaphantsi kokuxhomekeka ekubeni siseMhlabeni, eNyangeni okanye kwimeteorite.
Umxhuzulane uwuchaphazela njani umhlaba?
Ubunzima obukhoyo bunokubalelwa kubundindisholo be-siesta, nto leyo ngokucacileyo iyayiphucula, kodwa eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugweba iyinyani esiyifundiswayo ukuyithintela: Umhlaba sitsale. Ngokuqinileyo, ngokukhawuleza nangokungenathemba. Kwanele ukuba sijonge indawo esisingqongileyo, ngokongamileyo kwindawo esikuyo, ukuze sidibane neemodeli zokumelwa kwayo kunye nobuganga, obuqhelekileyo obuvela kuthi, esibumiselayo ukubabuyekeza.
Ukujonga ukuba umfutho wokukhawulezisa wawusuka kwia itheyibhile wento, wajija iibhola ze-cannon ze-fusions ezahlukeneyo kunye nenqwelomoya ejikelezayo kwaye wabonisa ukuba isantya sasifana kuyo yonke imicimbi. Ingxaki kaGalileo ekufikeleleni isiphumo esithembeke ngokupheleleyo yayikukukruquka kwendlela awayeyisebenzisa njengenqwelo-moya ejikelezayo. Ngo-1581 wazama ukuyisombulula ngokujula iibhola ezimbini ezidityanisiweyo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka phezulu kwinqaba yesixeko sakhe sasePisa, kodwa kule meko, ukungqubana kuya kuhambelana nomoya wasemhlabeni.
Ngelishwa, uGalileo wayengenakuba ngomnye wamawakawaka ababekho ababebukele ukubonakaliswa kwengcamango yakhe, ukusuka kwindawo efanelekileyo: indawo umoya we luna. Usomajukujuku uDavid R. Scott wema phambi kwegumbi lepateni yenyanga ephethe usiba lwefalcon kwesinye isandla kunye nehamile yenzululwazi yokwakheka komhlaba kwesinye. Wazikhulula zombini ezi zinto ngaxeshanye kwaye wabonakalisa kwihlabathi ukuba bobabini bafikelela kumhlaba wenyanga kunye.
Amandla amandla womxhuzulane eMhlabeni
Enye indlela yokubona indlela umxhuzulane owuphembelela ngayo umhlaba ngamathumbu anamatye ukuya elwandle. Imalunga nomtsalane oqinileyo, owenziwe kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo, kodwa oko kusaphosa okungaziwayo kuluntu oluqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba asibandakanyi okanye sonyusa ubunzima kwindawo emiselweyo yejografi, iyayitshintsha amandla womxhuzulane. Yazi ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kungakanani okuntsokothileyo, kuba izinto ezininzi zingenelele kwi-anomalous yomxhuzulane.
Ubunzima bezinto eziphilayo yinto eqinisekileyo. ETrieste, eItali, iqela labafundi liphanda ngesimangaliso esachazwa nguIsaac Newton kwiinkulungwane ezintathu ezadlulayo. Umqondiso uyazama. Kulo mmandla kukho igrotto enkulu, ecaphula iGiant Grotto. Umgama wobunzima kumhlaba ongaphantsi ithoba amandla womxhuzulane kummandla.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba sibeka imoto enobunzima beyunithi yomthamo, apha iya kulayisha iigram ezintlanu ngaphantsi. Kodwa igrotto ayisiyiyo yodwa into ebandakanyekayo”, ucacisa watsho uCarla Breitenburg, kwiDyunivesithi yaseTrieste. Omnye umfundi wambuza ukuba kutheni kukho imixhuzulane ukuba abazange bayiguqule loo ndawo ekubaleni kwabo. Impendulo kukuba umsebenzi we INyanga neLanga zithatha indawo yommandla womxhuzulane. Ukubonakaliswa koMhlaba kunwebeka kwaye kushwabene ngokuqhubekayo kwamaza olwandle kunye neelwandle.
Ekuphela kwesizathu sokuba ne-clairvoyance epheleleyo kule anomaly isuka kwindawo. Kwakuyimfuneko ngenxa yolu lwazi ukuba i-Arhente ye-Space yaseYurophu yenza i-GOCE mission. Uphando oluphunyezwe koku isatellite unokufumanisa i-compendiums ebalulekileyo, njengokumelwa kwentsimbi phantsi komhlaba.
Kulo myalelo weengcamango, idatha eqokelelwe yisathelayithi, evela kwiziko lophando le-Arhente ye-European Space eRoma, igalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi uphando kwinzululwazi yoluntu. Ilungu leqela lichaza ukuba ukuphumeza ukuchaneka okukhulu kwe intsimi yomxhuzulane wethu iplanethi, isathelayithi ibhabha ngaphantsi kunangaphambili: ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwindawo yangaphandle ye-atmosfera, nangona kunjalo kuloo ndlela yokujikeleza umoya kunzima. I-GOCE isoloko igcinwe kumphakamo ongaphantsi kunesathelayithi ekuvunyelwene ngazo.
Ngoku iza kunqumla iikhilomitha ezingama-268 ukuya kuma-237. Injongo ebalulekileyo kukuphucula isampulu ye-geoid, ukumelwa ngokomzimba umxhuzulane womhlaba. Enye kukuleqa indlela eqhubelekayo yokutshintsha kwe-atmospheric, ingena kwizinto ezenzeka ngaphantsi komhlaba wethu.
Iisathelayithi ezisuka kolunye ulawulo olunxulumene nomxhuzulane ogama lingu GRACE zifumana ukungaguquguquki komkhenkce eGreenland. Idatha iqokelelwa ePotsdam, eJamani. Ngokumalunga noku kungasentla, izazinzulu zibonisa ukuba ukulinganisa ye-geoid ithatha isigqibo kwicontours njengoqwalaselo kunye nohambo lwaselwandle.
Imithetho yobunzima kwindlela umxhuzulane owuphembelela ngayo umhlaba
Ingqondi yokuqala eyathi, ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, yanika ukuqina kwezibalo kwintsingiselo yomxhuzulane yayinguIsaac Newton. yodumo lwakhe Umthetho woMxhuzulane I-Universal kunye nemithetho yayo yangoku kuyaziwa ukuba izinto ezimbini ziyathakatha ngamandla afanayo, kodwa kwiindlela ezichaseneyo kunye nokukhawuleza ngokulinganayo ngokulinganayo kunye nogqibeleleyo wendlela eyahlulayo, oku kuthetha ukuba, nangona kubonakala kungavamile. , siwuloya ngokuthembekileyo uMhlaba njengoko usithakathayo.
Kwakhona, imfihlelo yokuba sisoloko singabo bawisa phantsi, hayi ngokuphambeneyo, isebuninzini: okukhona isixa esithe kratya sento enayo, kokukhona amandla omxhuzulane amakhulu ewenza kwenye. Ithiyori kaNewton yavumela ukubhenca inani elikhulu lezinto ezingaqhelekanga zendalo ezaziyimfihlelo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, njengokushukuma kweenkwenkwezi, amaza, okubangelwa kukuhamba kweenkwenkwezi. intshukumo yomxhuzulane yenyanga.
Imihla ngemihla kwimpembelelo yomxhuzulane emhlabeni
Ngayiphi na imeko, ukuba i umxhuzulane ayizange iqinisekise ukuhlalisana kwethu kwisabelo sakhe esiphindwe kabini njengomthombo wobomi, indalo iphela yayiya kuba yinkangala yasemhlabeni, ifanekisela isijikelezi-langa esinamatye, yaye ingenako ukulondoloza umoya owaneleyo ngokwawo, ekubeni yayiya kubharha isiya emajukujukwini. Endaweni yoko, sinandipha inkwenkwezi apho amanzi anokugcinwa ekwimo yolwelo, ethotywe emele imvula aze afikelele kwezona ndawo zifihlakeleyo apho ubomi bufuna ukuba buqhubele phambili.
Zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ziye zathotyelwa ngokuthobela imithetho yayo: izityalo ziphosa iingcambu zazo phantsi komhlaba zifuna ukutya kwaye izilwanyana kunye nabantu baye bahambelana negazi labo, iinkqubo zokugaya, izihlunu kunye namathambo ekusebenzeni izithintelo okanye iinzuzo ezifakwe ngulo mthetho. . Iinkwenkwezi zihlangana ngokujikeleza enye kwenye kwiinkqubo ye-spiral orbits ngenxa yesakhelo samandla afikelela kwi-gravitational agros.
Umcimbi kwi-cosmos enchants, uqokelela kwaye ukhulule ubuchule obunjengomngcelele weenkwenkwezi, ukubonakaliswa kweenkwenkwezi okanye ukuphazamiseka kwababi. imingxuma emnyama.
Ngale ndlela, indlela umxhuzulane owuphembelela ngayo umhlaba, ngokungenathemba usibambele kwindalo iphela, kodwa, ngokuncomekayo, izidalwa ezinjengeentaka ziye zantshula kuwo, eziye zasifundisa ukuba zenze amagqabantshintshi eegliders, iiparaglider okanye iiparaglider ukuze zizonwabise ngovuyo olukhulu. ukuyityala .