Imibala yomnyama esiyibonayo esibhakabhakeni emva kwemini yemvula, yimibala esulungekileyo emibala yayo ichazwa bubude bamaza awo.. Sithetha ngesinye sezona ziganeko zintle nezingaqhelekanga zemozulu esiziboniswa yindalo, umnyama. Imibala esixhenxe yileyo ivelayo, isoloko ilandelelana kwaye inokubonwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesijikelezi-langa ngaxeshanye.
Ukusenza sibone esi siganeko semozulu, imvula kufuneka yenze imbonakalo kwaye emva kwayo, le mida isixhenxe inemibala iya kuvela. Ngaba uyazi ukuba zenziwa njani ezi zakhiwo zisixhenxe? Musa ukuphinda uzibuze, ngomzuzwana siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni umnyama, inkqubo yokwakheka kwawo kunye nemibala nganye eyenza.
Ukuqonda izinto ezimangalisayo
Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba yintoni na, indlela ezenziwe ngayo kunye nemibala esi siganeko simangalisayo esisinikwa nguMama weNdalo, kufuneka siqale ngokucacisa indlela amehlo omntu asebenza ngayo. Ukwazi into esisanda kuyikhankanya, kuya kuba lula kakhulu ukuyiqonda yonke inkqubo.
Iliso lomntu yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kumzimba wethu. Zinobuntununtunu kakhulu ekukhanyeni, umbono wombala esinawo uveliswa kukukhuthazwa kobukhulu obahlukeneyo bamaza okukhanya kwiicones zethu.. Kwabo bangazaziyo ukuba zeziphi iicones, ziiseli zefotosensitive ezifumaneka kwiretina, ngakumbi ngakumbi kumaleko wephotoreceptor. Ezi seli sithetha ngazo zizo ezijongene nokujonga imibala.
Inganikwa iintlobo ezintathu zeecones ngokobude bobude besithetha ngabo; uhlobo L ukuba ubude bude (umbala obomvu), thayipha uM ukuba uphakathi (umbala oluhlaza) kunye nohlobo S, ukuba mfutshane (umbala obhlowu).
Iicones zivelisa imiqondiso ethunyelwa nge-optic nerve kwimimandla yobuchopho bethu enoxanduva lokutolika ulwazi oluthunyelwe kuzo.
Yintoni umnyama kwaye wenziwe njani?
Le nto yendalo sithetha ngayo, ibonakala esibhakabhakeni sezixeko zethu xa imitha yelanga idlula kumasuntswana amanzi axhonywe kumaleko womoya ojikeleze umhlaba., nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho iingcango ezisixhenxe ezinemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo.
Abanye babhekisela kuyo njenge ibhendi ekhanyayo ebonisa imibala eyahlukeneyo ngenxa yokubola okuthwaxwa kukukhanya. Xa simisa ngocoselelo ukuze siyiqwalasele, sinokubona ukuba inomfanekiso we-arch, kungoko ifumana igama.
Xa imitha idlula kwithontsi lamanzi, iyahlulahlula ngokwemibala esinokuyibona kumnyama, kwangaxeshanye uwuphambukise.. Oko kukuthi, imitha yokukhanya ibonakaliswa zombini xa idibana namanzi kwaye xa iphuma kwelo thontsi. Ngalinye kula mathontsi anokubonwa kumbala owahlukileyo, ngoko ke lawo afanayo athanda ukuhlanganisana ukwenza lo mboniso sithetha ngawo.
Yeyiphi imibala eyenza umnyama?
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UIsaac Newton ngonyaka we-1664 kumboniso welizwe owawuseUnited Kingdom, wathenga iiprism. Ngeli nyathelo, yaba yindlela isazinzulu esakwazi ngayo ukusibonisa indlela indalo esebenza ngayo xa ilanga libonakala okwethutyana.
Lo mlinganiswa ubalulekileyo wasifundisa ukuba ngezi zinto zimbini umbala awutshintshi, nangona i-engile itshintsha. Ngale nto yokufunyaniswa, waqinisekisa ngayo yonke imibala ecocekileyo kunye nenani labo, babangele ukukhanya okumhlophe. Oku kwaphawula ngaphambili nasemva kwinkalo yenzululwazi nonxibelelwano.
Imibala ngamaza kwaye ngoko, ngamnye kubo unobude obahlukileyo kunabanye. Ubude, njengoko sibonile kwicandelo langaphambili, bude xa besondele kumbala obomvu. Nje ukuba ukukhanya okumhlophe kungena kwiprism, umbala ngamnye esiwaziyo uthatha indlela eyahlukileyo.
Imibala esiyibona kumnyama, xa ukukhanya kwelanga kudlula kumathontsi ashiywe yimvula, yile ilandelayo: ebomvu, e-orenji, emthubi, eluhlaza, e-cyan, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-violet. Ngokwenyani, asiyomibala esixhenxe kuphela esiyithiyileyo eyenza le nto, kodwa kukho ukuthambeka kwemibala ekunokubonwa kuyo namakhulu ayo.
Umbala wokuqala: obomvu
Ebomvu njengoko sele sithethe, Ngumbala wokuqala ovela kumnyama owenza i-arc yawo yangaphandle kwaye inobude obude.. Omnye wemibala egqalwa liliso lethu lomntu ngokulula ngakumbi xa siwubona.
Umbala wesibini: orenji
Ngalo lonke ixesha, umbala wesibini owenza le nto imangalisayo ibonakala ngaphantsi kobomvu. Kule meko, Sithetha ngomnye wemibala ekunzima kakhulu ukuyihlula kumnyama ukusukela, ithambekele ekuxubeni nebomvu kwaye ilahlekelwe ukubonakala.
Umbala wesithathu: Mthubi
Umbala olandelayo ekubunjweni komnyama, emva kweorenji. Enye yemibala evelele kakhulu yesiganeko ngenxa yombala wayo onamandla. Ndiyabulela kule nto, umbala ophuzi uphuma kuyo yonke imibala kwaye ungomnye weyona nto ibonakalayo. Kwimeko apho umnyama ubonakala kwisibhakabhaka esikhanyayo kunye nelanga, lo mbala kuya kufuneka unyamalale.
Umbala wesine: luhlaza
Siyaqhubeka nolandelelwano apho sinokujonga khona imibala yomnyama kwaye siseluhlaza, olubekwe ngaphantsi kwe-arch ephuzi. Njengeminye imibala, kwiimeko ezithile kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula nangaphezulu, ukuba kwenzeka njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili sizifumana siphambi kwesibhakabhaka esicacileyo nesiluhlaza.
Umbala wesihlanu: cyan
Umbala wesihlanu owenza umnyama kwaye omnye weyona nto ilula ukuba ingaphawulwa ngeliso lomntu. Amaxesha amaninzi kwenzeka oko lo mbala we-cyan uthande ukuxubana nombala ozuba wesibhakabhaka ngoko ke asikwazi ukuwuhlula ngokuthe ngqo. Ukwahlula kwayo kulula kakhulu, xa umnyama ubonakala kwisibhakabhaka esinamafu okanye esimpunga.
Umbala wesithandathu: blue
Ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumbala we-indigo, ngumbala wesithandathu ovela kumnyama. Ubude bayo buya kuba luhlobo M, oko kukuthi, ubukhulu obuphakathi ngokubhekiselele kuyo yonke imibala. Ngalo mbala kwenzeka into engaqhelekanga kwaye yile, kunzima ukuwahlula kwaye ngenxa yoku kukho abo bacinga ukuba umnyama wenziwe ngemibala emithandathu endaweni yesixhenxe.
Umbala wesixhenxe: omfusa
Sifika kumbala wokugqibela owenza umnyama, lowo unobude obufutshane, umbala we-violet. Umxube phakathi kwalo mbala kunye nokuphakama kwawo, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunokwenzeka, kodwa Phantse onke amaxesha apho umnyama wenza ukubonakala, kulula ukuwubona ngeso lenyama.
Ngaba iminyama emibini inokuvela ngaxeshanye?
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kangangezihlandlo ezingaphezu kwesinye emva kwemini yemvula, uye wakhangela phezulu esibhakabhakeni waza wafumana kungekuphela nje umnyama omnye kodwa emibini. Esi siganeko sinokwenzeka kwaye sithetha ngomnyama ophindwe kabini.
Esi siganeko sithetha ngaso asiqhelekanga ukubonwa, ekubeni senzeka xa imitha yelanga idlula kwinxalenye yamathontsi amanzi yaye sinokuyibona, ngenxa yokuphindaphinda okwenzeka ngaphakathi kweli thontsi. Oko kukuthi, kukho ukutsiba kabini kwaye oku kubangela ukuba imitha iwele kwaye ishiye ithontsi kwelinye icala.
Ngalo mphumo ongaqhelekanga, yindlela eveliswa ngayo imvula emibini okanye i-rainbows yesibini, engaphantsi kweyona nto iphambili, ukuyibiza ngandlela-thile. Ubunzulu balo mnyama wesibini bungaphantsi kakhulu, kuba imitha inamandla amancinci xa ibetha.. Amaza abumba imibala anobubanzi obukhulu kwaye ukongezelela, imibala ibonakala ibuyela umva kulandelelwano ebesilukhankanye ngaphambili.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukubona umnyama opheleleyo?
Njengoko sonke sisazi, Umnyama ngokwenene usisangqa, nangona sibona isiqingatha kuphela. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba xa ibonakala esibhakabhakeni sethu, sibona i-arches esihlala siyibona, oku kungenxa yokuba siphezu komhlaba.
Ukuba ufuna ukujonga umnyama opheleleyo, ukongeza kwinto yokuba uthotho lwezinto kufuneka luzaliseke kuyo, bekuya kufuneka uzibeke phezu komhlaba, ukongezelela kwinto yokuba umnyama kufuneka ubonakale kwindawo engenamiqobo.
Akwanelanga ukuya entabeni, ukuba sibhabha kwaye le nto ibonakala, kuya kwenzeka ukuba siwuxabise lo mnyama opheleleyo sithetha ngawo. Isiganeko esimangalisayo, esifanele sonwabe kube kanye ebomini.
Siyathemba ukuba iinkcukacha esikunike zona malunga nemibala yomnyama kunye nendlela eyakheke ngayo, ibe luncedo kuwe kwaye ikufundise izinto obungazazi ngaphambili. Ukususela ngoku, sinethemba lokuba rhoqo xa kuphuma imini yemvula kwaye kubonakala umnyama, uya kukwazi ukuxabisa oko indalo isinika yona, into ekhethekileyo egcwele ubuhle. Ngaba unokuyahlula imibala esixhenxe eyiqambayo? Ngaba umnyama ophindwe kabini uya kuvela?