Kweli thuba, uya kukwazi ukufunda apha malunga neempawu inkawu, igama inkawu ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza usapho primates, usebenzisa igama jikelele kubo. Kwesi sishwankathelo silandelayo uya kuba nako ukwazi yonke into enxulumene nesi silwanyana, ukuze sikubonise oko sondlayo, apho sihlala khona kunye neminye imiba ehambelana nayo.
Ingcaciso yegama elithi Monkey
Njengoko kuchaziwe kwintshayelelo, "Inkawu" ligama elinikwe ezi zilwanyana zentsapho Iprimate. Kunokusekwa ukuba "Monkey" kunye ne "Ape" zizithethantonye kwi Zoology, kodwa kuxhomekeke kubantu abaphuhlisa umxholo ukuba bawachaze ngendlela efanelekileyo aba. Inkawu sisilwanyana esikrelekrele kakhulu, ngoku sesinye sezo zijongwa njenge "Test Subject" yovavanyo lokunyanga izifo ebantwini.
Le primate iyinxalenye ye ezifanayo, le yindlela yokuchaza iintsapho ezahlukeneyo zeenkawu eziye zabakho kulo lonke ihlabathi kwimbali. Inkawu sisilwanyana esinokuthi sibe sasekhaya ukuba abantu bayakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nesigqi sobomi babo, abantu abaninzi bayakhubeka, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba abahluke kakhulu kwiintlobo zabantu, iimpawu zenkawu kunye nezo zomntu. Izidalwa ziyafana ngeendlela ezininzi.
Iphepha ledatha yenkawu
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unomdla wokwazi malunga nenkawu, ukuba uyazi ubuncinane ifayile yezilwanyana efanayo echazwe ngezantsi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Igama lezesayensi: macaque fascicularis.
- Uhlobo lwesilwanyana: Isilwanyana esanyisayo.
- Imorphology: yeyezilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo.
- Indlela yokuphila: Bathanda ukuhlala kwiipakethi.
- Indawo yokuhlala: Indawo yayo efanelekileyo ikumathafa eentaba, amahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye namathafa engca.
- Ixesha lobomi: Baphila ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-30.
- Ukutya: Ziyi-omnivores (zitya iziqhamo kunye nezilwanyana).
- Iodolo yakho: Bakuhlobo lweePrimates.
- Ubunzima: Banobunzima ukusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-30 kg.
- Imiboniso eyodwa: Bakhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ulusu lwabo luyaxhathisa.
iimpawu ze-jumpsuit
Esi silwanyana siyahluka ngokweentlobo zaso. Umzekelo, inkawu ye-Marmoset lelona lungu lincinci kolu hlobo, lilinganisa malunga ne-117mm kunye nomsila wayo malunga ne-172mm. Ubunzima bayo bumalunga ne-100g. Kwimeko ye-mandrel eyindoda, inobude obumalunga nemitha enye kunye nobunzima obukhulu bufikelela kwi-36kg.
Ubuchopho benkawu bunobukhulu obukhulu kwaye esi silwanyana sibonwa ngendlela esinomdla ngayo kwaye sikrelekrele ngayo, amandla aso okubonwayo kunye nobuchule bezandla zenza esi silwanyana sibe namandla okwenza ngaphezulu kwezinye izilwanyana ezininzi. Phantse zonke iinkawu ziyakwazi ukusombulula iimeko ezithile kwaye zifunde izinto ezininzi ezintsha, kwimeko ye "Cebus" le nkawu iyayazi indlela yokusebenza kunye nezixhobo, isebenzisa amatye ukuqhekeza amantongomane.
IiMfene, ngeentonga bafunda ukufumana ukutya kwabo besebenzisa oku ukukha isiqhamo ematyholweni okanye bahlasele isilwanyana ukuze sikutye kamva. Zintle kakhulu, kodwa azinakuze zibe nako ukuthelekisa ne Iigorila (iinkawu ezinkulu), iiorangutan o iitshimpanzi. IiMfene abalunganga ekufundeni izinto ezintsha kwaye indlela yabo yokuziphatha ifundwa kubo, ngaphandle koku IMacaque yaseJapan eye yangqinwa kwimifuniselo emininzi ukuba inokusombulula iimeko.
Eyona meko idume kakubi kuxa babenikela a Imfene ukutya esongelwe ephepheni, esi silwanyana wakwazi ukwaphula esongayo waza wazondla ngokwalo kwaye wakwazi ukufumana ezinye iintlobo ezifanayo ukukopa le ngcamango. Ezi ntlobo zemifuniselo ziye zakwazi ukunceda ukuchaza ngokutsha indlela yokuziphatha kwenkcubeko yabo, okwenza le nxalenye yeempawu ezintle zeenkawu zibonwe.
Iinkawu ziyakwazi ukuma xa zihleli phantsi, oku kuvumela izandla zabo ukuba zikhululeke kwaye zikwazi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi kunye nazo. Basebenzisa izandla neenyawo ukubamba izinto, kwisandla nonyawo ngalunye baneminwe emi-5, kodwa ubhontsi nobhontsi bahlukile kwezinye. ukwahlulahlula i IPygmy Marmoset, iinzipho zezi zicaba, kodwa olu hlobo luthile lunezinzipho eminweni, ngaphandle kobhontsi weenyawo owenziwe zizikhonkwane.
Ukuziphatha kwesi silwanyana
Le yenye yeempawu zenkawu ngokwemiqathango ngokubanzi, ngokubanzi esi silwanyana sinobuhlobo, phantse zonke iinkawu zihlala ngokwamaqela afana neengonyama. Yenziwe ngamabhinqa amaninzi anabantwana abaninzi kwaye inye kuphela indoda kwiqela ngalinye, njengoko kunjalo kwimeko ye IiMfene zaseHamadrya kunye neMandrill. Endaweni yoko, IiLangers, iiGuenores, iiMfene kunye neeMacaques, Bayakwazi ukwamkela ngaphezu kwendoda enye kwiqela ngalinye, baphuhlise ubomi obuphantse buqhelekileyo kubo.
Iimazi zihlala kwiqela apho zizalelwe khona, ziyakwazi ukunxulumana enye kwenye kwaye nakwinkunzi nganye ephuma kwiqela elinye. Iinkunzi ziyakwazi ukujoyina amanye amaqela xa iminyaka ihamba, yenye yeempawu zenkawu ezikhonza ukufumanisa ukuba zidlulela ekuvuthweni. Abaqhelekanga ukudibana kakhulu njengabasetyhini kwaye bahlala bechasa uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lweemeko.
Njengabantu, xa inkawu idiniwe iyazamla, nayo iyayenza lento xa icatshukiswa nangasiphi na isizathu, ngokwengxolo kukho udidi lwenkawu ekuthiwa. Ukubamba iinkawu, zibonakaliswe kuba ukuziphatha kwazo kusekelwe ekwenzeni ingxolo ekwaziyo ukufikelela kwi-16 km kude. Oku kunokubacaphukisa kumaqabane abo eqela kunye nakwezinye iintlobo kunye nakubantu ukuba baye beva ezi ngxolo.
Enye yeempawu zeenkawu abantu baya kukwazi ukuzixabisa ekuziphatheni kwabo kukuba badla ngokutya. Usinda kuphela kule nto UMntla Marikina, le inkawu ebekwe kuMbindi Merika kwaye naseMzantsi Melika, ngokubanzi iinkawu zi-arboreal, oko kukuthi, zihlala zixhuma kwisebe ukuya kwelinye kwaye ngale ndlela zihamba, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba oku akusebenzi kwabo. iintlobo zeenkawu kwihlabathi elidala
Ngokuphathelele unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkawu, zikwenza ngolwimi oluthile lomzimba kwaye zikwasebenzisa izimbo zobuso. Phakathi kwabo, uncumo lubonakala xa befuna ukubonakalisa uhlobo oluthile lobundlobongela, bayakwazi ukubonisa uthando kwezinye iinkawu kunye nezinye izidalwa, bahlala bexoxisana emva kokulwa phakathi kwabo kwaye bakwenza oku ngokuphulula okanye ukuzama ukulungisa. inqaku elithile, inkawu baye bayonzakala ngezenzo zabo.
Indawo yokuhlala efanayo
Abantu abafuna ulwazi ngeempawu zeenkawu baziva benesidingo sokwazi ukuba yintoni indawo abahlala kuyo. Kwezi meko umbuzo ovelayo uthi Zihlala phi ezi nkawu? Njengoko sisazi kakuhle, i-organism of iinkawu ifana kakhulu naleyo yabantu, ngoko ke, zifanelekile ukuba ziphile naphi na ehlabathini xa abantu begqiba ekubeni babe nezilwanyana zasekhaya emakhayeni abo.
Kodwa, ukuba into esifuna ukuyazi yindawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo, ke oku kukwii-savannahs, amahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye nakwezinye iindidi zamahlathi anjengalawo akwi-Southern Hemisphere. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abantu bezigcina njengezilwanyana zasekhaya kwaye bazisebenzise kwiisekisi, iilebhu zenzululwazi okanye ezinye izinto, olu didi luye lwafumana utshintsho kwindawo yalo kwiminyaka.
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngalo lonke ixesha bekwazi ukubaleka ukusuka apho bathathwa njengabathinjwa, bafuna ukubalekela kwiindawo ezifana nezi zichazwe ngasentla, ezifanayo kakhulu kwindawo yazo yendalo, inokubandakanywa njengenye yeempawu zeNkawu, ukuba bayasuswa kwindawo abahlala kuyo, baya kufuna ukubuyela kuyo okanye into efana nayo, nanini na befumana ithuba lokwenjenjalo.
Ukusasazwa kweenkawu emhlabeni
Ukusasazwa kweenkawu kwinqanaba jikelele kule planethi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Zifumaneka kwilizwekazi laseAsia naseAfrika, kukho ezo zaziwa ngokuba iinkawu zehlabathi endala.
- Kukho nezinye ezifumaneka eMzantsi Melika, olu hlobo lwenkawu lubizwa ngokuba yi iinkawu zehlabathi elitsha.
Zitya ntoni iinkawu?
Kanye njengokuba siye sasusa amathandabuzo athile malunga neempawu zenkawu, asinakuyiyeka into yokuba ukwazi yonke into ebhengeziweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukutyiswa kwezi zilwanyana kufuneka kwaziwe. Zizilwanyana iiomnivores, oko kukuthi, banokudla iziqhamo, izinambuzane, amantongomane (awathanda), phakathi kokunye ukutya, oku kwimeko yeenkawu ezineentlobo ezincinci kwezi zilwanyana, iibhanana kunye neebhanana nazo kukutya okuthandayo.
Kodwa olona didi lukhulu lweenkawu, alutyi nje olu hlobo lokutya kuphela, ziyakwazi nokuzondla ngeentaka nezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo, ezibukhulu bungekho nkulu kangangokuba ziyakwazi ukongamela xa zizingela.
Inyaniso enomdla okanye enye yeempawu zenkawu ezidume kakhulu, kukuba ayidli iibhanana okanye iibhanana njengoko abantu abaninzi beqhele ukwenza, aba baqala ukuxobula zonke iziqhamo, emva koko banoxanduva lokulahla iqokobhe okanye iqokobhe kwaye Emva koko Kuxa besiya kudla, ngamanye amaxesha bayitye yonke ngokuluma nje, lo mba wokugqibela uxhomekeke kwisitayile esithathwe yinkawu nganye.
amarhamncwa ezinkawu
Kukho inani lamarhamncwa akwazi ukubulala ezi nkawu, kuhle ukwazi ukuba kwiimpawu zenkawu kuyabonakala ukuba xa enye yazo ikwazi ukongamela ezi nkawu nazo ziya kuzibulala zingacinganga kabini. Ubuncinane kunye namarhamncwa amancinci, kwaye oku kuninzi kwimeko yeenkawu ezinkulu, ezinamandla okwenza oko. Ezi zilwanyana zichazwe ngezantsi:
- Iinyoka zohlobo lwePython.
- IiCougars.
- OoKhetshe.
- IiEagles.
- IiJaguars.
Iinkawu, ngenxa yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi azikwazi ukuzikhusela kumarhamncwa akhankanywe ngasentla, ziye zaphuhlisa izakhono ezinjengokunika i-alarm call ukuze wonke umntu aqaphele ingozi kunye nokukwazi ukuqubha ukubaleka. abazingeli.
ukuveliswa kweenkawu
Ngokubhekiselele kwiimpawu zenkawu ngokuzala, kufuneka siqaphele ukuba indlela esetyenziswa ngayo ayifani kakhulu naleyo isetyenziswa ngabantu ukuphumeza esi siphelo. Umahluko kuphela phakathi koku kunye nabantu kukuba isondo sikhawulelwe kuphela kwixesha apho ibhinqa linenkqubo yalo ye-ovulation (ubushushu). Elo lixesha avumela ngalo inkawu ukuba isondele ukuze babe nobudlelwane obusondeleyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo eli lixesha apho zizalana khona.
Yakuba izelwe inkawu, inkqubo yokutyiswa kwayo ayihlukanga kangako kuleyo yomntwana womntu, unina uye wayincancisa kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi bayo, de ifikelele kwinqanaba elithile lokuvuthwa kwaye ikhulise amandla okutya ezinye iintlobo zokutya. . Ekuqaleni, abo banokubabonelela kwiqela labo, kodwa emva kwexesha elithile bakuba bekhulile baze baqonde ulwalathiso, badla ngokufumana ukutya ngeendlela zabo.
iintlobo zeenkawu
Ngoku siyazi zonke iimpawu zenkawu, kuhle ukwazi iintlobo zenkawu eziqhelekileyo kwaye ezi zilandelayo:
- Marmoset.
- Iinkawu zasebusuku.
- Uakari monkey.
- Saki.
- Howler inkawu
- Inkawu yesigcawu, inkawu yesigcawu esinoboya.
- Uboya obunomsila otyheli.
- Iinkawu zehlabathi lakudala (Zohlulwe zibe yiNkawu eBomvu, iMacaque, iMfene kunye neNkawu enempumlo ende).
iinkawu ezisengozini
Kukho ezinye iinkawu ezisengozini yokuphela, apho imibutho eyahlukeneyo ijonge iindlela zokukhusela, iinkawu ezinjalo ziiNkawu zeSigcawu, iMarmoset yoMlambo iMayo, iLangur, iDouc enemilenze engwevu, iBlack Crested Gibbon kunye neCapuchin. , ngelixa zisengozini enkulu yokuphela yi-Red Colobus yoMlambo iTana, i-Pennant kunye ne-Cercopithecus iinkawu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweenkawu ngabantu
Iinkawu kunye nabantu zizalana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, abantu bazisebenzisa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya, baphinde basebenzise kwiilabhoratri zokuvavanya ngokuthanda isayensi kwaye kwezinye iimeko kwimishini ekhethekileyo. Kukho iimeko apho ezolimo zigrogriswa ngabo, kwezi meko banyanzelwa ekhaya ukuze babase kwimisebenzi yenkonzo efana nokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo.
Iimpawu
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba esi silwanyana siye sasetyenziswa kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo. umzekelo, kwiintsomi zaseTshayina, iinkqubo zikamabonwakude, kwisayensi, ubuHindu, inkcubeko yaseJapan, inkcubeko yamandulo yasePeru naseMexico ukunqula izinyanya.
Ngale ndlela uqukumbela olu hlaziyo olufutshane kwiiMpawu zenkawu, ehlala enethemba lokuba ibe yinto oyithandayo.