La Emoya Umhlaba Ngumaleko oshinyeneyo wegesi ogqume isijikelezi-langa somhlaba esenziwe ziigesi ezithile, oku kubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwahluke. Oku kunoxanduva lokuqhekeka kweemeteorites ngokukhuhlana apho iphantsi kwayo phakathi kwemeteorite kunye neatmosfera yomhlaba njengoko ingena emhlabeni. I-atmosphere yoMhlaba ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokuqokelelwa kweegesi esizibiza ngokuba "nguMoya" kwaye zenziwe nge-carbon dioxide ngepesenti encinci, i-oksijini kunye ne-nitrogen.
La umsebenzi womoya Ngaloo ndlela, kukunika ioksijini kuyo yonke into emele ubomi emhlabeni ukuze isenzo sokuphefumla ngokukhululeka sibe khona, nangona i-oksijini eyi-21 kuphela. Umoya womhlaba uvumela ukungena kokukhanya okubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso olufanelekileyo lwezityalo, ezithi ngenkqubo yephotosynthesis zizise ubomi ngokuveliswa kweoksijini, zizise ubomi kuyo yonke into ephefumlayo.
Elinye lamalungu apheleleyo omoya yi-helium, evumela uhlobo oluthile lokuzinza kwinqwelo-moya, kwiindawo ezithile eziphakamileyo zesibhakabhaka, ngenxa yegesi yayo enkulu ejiyileyo. Umzekelo ocacileyo okanye obonakalayo kuxa iibhaluni ze-helium zinyuka ziye esibhakabhakeni, ngenxa yale nto, kwiimpawu ezizodwa zale nto. igesi yesimo somoya.
Iinkcukacha ezibaluleke kakhulu ngomhlaba osemhlabeni kukuba unika amandla amakhulu ngenxalenye yenitrogen, eyenza kube nokwenzeka umhlaba otyebileyo ngezimbiwa ukufumana izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nezidalwa eziphilayo zinokuba nendlela yokutya.
Sikwacebisa ukuba ufunde . . . IIMIELELE, IIFOMU ZAZO EZINYOBEKILEYO KWANYE NEYONA MIDLALO YAYO EQHELEKILEYO..
Amacandelo ama-3 oMkhathi woMhlaba.
Icandelo 1: I-nitrogen.
Njengeekhompawundi eziphambili sinenitrogen, ngoba? Kuba lelona candelo lineyona pesenti iphezulu kwiatmosfera yomhlaba, ine-79% yenitrogen eyeyethu. imeko-bume.
I-Nitrojeni kwi-Atmosphere yoMhlaba wethu kwaye kubomi bethu idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ukususela ngoku yokuqokelelana kweegesi ukuba siyibiza umoya kakubi, oku kulawulo ngomoya, ukuba izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ukufumana initrogen efunekayo, kodwa hayi ngqo.
Initrogen equlethwe kuqokelelo lwezigaba (umoya), ibonelela umhlaba okanye umhlaba ngeeminerali eziya kwenza izityalo ziguqula initrogen zibe yiprotheyini yokutya kwezilwanyana kwaye zondle.
Oku kuya kwenza izilwanyana ezininzi zizuze kwaye kunjalo nathi, kwaye okwesibini, izityalo ziya kuvelisa i-oksijini, umjikelo phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokusingqongileyo okusingqongileyo, kuthiwa. umjikelo nitrogen.
Inombolo yecandelo 2: Ioksijini.
Njengekhompawundi yesibini ekhoyo kwi-atmosphere yethu ye-Terestrial Atmosphere, sineoksijini, kuba ibandakanya i-21% kwiatmosfera, ngaloo ndlela inika ubomi kwisijikelezi-langa.
Le oxygen ekhoyo kwiatmosfera yomhlaba ityiwa zizilwanyana, izityalo kunye nezinto eziphilayo. omnye wabavelisi ioksijini kwiatmosfera yethu, Zizizityalo ukususela ekuqhubeni utshintshiselwano lwegesi nge-photosynthesis, ngaloo ndlela zenza i-Atmosphere yoMhlaba wethu iqulethe ioksijini ukuze izilwanyana kunye nezidalwa eziphilayo zibe nobomi kwiplanethi yomhlaba, kwaye iye yavela kangangamawakawaka eminyaka.
Oyena mdala umvelisi we ifotosinthesis ebonelela ngeoksijini kumoya woMhlaba zialgae, icyanobacteria kunye nezityalo kwaye ngokutsho kwezifundo, into yokuqala ephilayo eyaqala ngemveliso yeoksijini yayiyicyanobacteria ngephotosynthesis, ilawula ukunika i-21% ioksijini kumoya wethu.
Sikwacebisa ukuba ufunde . . . UKUVUMISA NGEZINKANYE, IINKOLELO OKANYE ISAYENSI? INGXOXO UKUSUSELA EKUQALENI KWEXESHA.
I-Cyanobacteria amawaka eminyaka edlulileyo idibene nokusingqongileyo, ukuveliswa kwe-oksijini, ngelo xesha kwakukho inani elincinci lezityalo, kuba i-cyanobacteria yanda ukuze i-oxidation ye-O2 ingenzeki kwaye i-oksijini enkulu yaveliswa. ioksijini kwiatmosfera kunye nakwi izidalwa eziphilayo, ngoncedo lwezityalo ezimbalwa kakhulu ezazifeza umsebenzi wazo njengephotosynthetic.
Icandelo 3: ICarbon Dioxide (CO2)
Ikhompawundi yesithathu inepesenteji ephantsi kakhulu, ngoko ke kwisikali sezinto ezintathu ezihlangeneyo le yeyona iphantsi kwaye iqulethe i-0,04% CO2. I-CO2 iyakhathalela gcina ubushushu kwi-Atmosphere yoMhlaba wethu, nangona ifumaneka kwimiyinge emincinci, ibaluleke kakhulu. Izityalo nazo zizuza kwi-CO2 ekubeni zixhomekeke kumandla elanga ukuzalisekisa umsebenzi wazo, ukusuka kwizityalo ze-carbon dioxide zidibanisa amanzi kunye ne-carbohydrates ngokusebenzisa i-photosynthesis.
Sithetha nje iigesi zoMmandla woMhlaba wethu zitshintshile kwaye kweli xesha lethu, izinto ezintathu ezithi ziwenze zifikelele kwipesenti ezingama-99,90% zoMmandla woMhlaba wethu, apho izazinzulu zenze izifundo kunye neekhompawundi ezifana ne-atmosphere yoMhlaba wethu. iargon kunye nenitrogen baye bafuduswa besiya kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba apho bezinzile.
Ioksijini isekho, kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo xa yonke into yayiqala emhlabeni, icyanobacteria yayiyenye ii-microorganisms zokuqala ekuveliseni ioksijini.
Kwakukho isixa esincinci kwaye ioksijini edityaniswe nentsimbi yavelisa i-oxidation, kwakukho ukusilela kweoksijini, xa sibona amatye e-sedimentary sabona ukuba kukho isixa esikhulu seoksijini, yile nto siyifumana namhlanje, amatye entlenga athetha. ukuba kukho isixa esikhulu seoksijini ekhoyo. Kwi-Atmosphere yethu yoMhlaba, inamanye amacandelo endiza kukuchazela wona apha ngezantsi nangokungqinelana nawo umthamo weatmosfere kananjalo.
Amacandelo ali-10 aKwabalulekile kwi-atmosphere yoMhlaba
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- Iodine: 127,0.
- Krypton: 84,0.
- IHydrojeni: 21,0.
- IHelium: 4,0.
- Xenon: 130,3.
- Ikhabhon diokside: 45,0.
- I-ozone: 49,0.
- IMethane: 17,0.
- Neon: 21,2.
- Iradon: 223,0.
Ezi zizonke iinxalenye ezenza i-Atmosphere yoMhlaba kunye negesi yayo eyenza ibe yinkimbinkimbi kwaye izinzile, ukuze izinto eziphilayo, i-microorganisms kunye nezinto eziphilayo ziphile kwaye zizalisekise izigaba zayo, kuba icandelo ngalinye lenza ukuba libe luncedo nokuba kuye. Umjikelo wenitrogen, ukuze izityalo zikwazi ukwenza iphotosynthesis yazo zize zivelise ioksijini.
Ngokulula nje thina bantu siyaxhamla kwizilwanyana esizityayo, kuba enye yenyama yinyama yenkomo (iinkomo) zitya ingca kunye nengca yondliwe ngeprotheyini ukuba izityalo zinombulelo kwinitrogen kwaye phakathi kwezinye izinto ezisizuzisa thina bantu kubomi bethu.
Enye iMfihlo ye-atmosphere yoMhlaba.
Ngo-2010, uphando lokuwa kwe-atmospheric atmospheric lwaqhutywa ngabaphandi abaxhaswa yi-NASA, akukho nto kwaye akukho nto ingaphantsi kokuwa kwi-atmospheric ebizwa ngokuba yi-ionosphere imitha ye-ultraviolet kunye nemitha ye-gamma evela elangeni iya kudlula kwiatmosfera yomhlaba, ngenxa yoku kudilika.
Oku kwenzeke ukusukela ngo-2008, ubukhulu becala iatmosfera yoMhlaba iphunyezwa ngeli candelo yeCarbon Dioxide gcina ubushushu, ukuba kukho ukuncipha komsebenzi welanga, umoya we-atmosphere uyaphola, ngoko ubusuku bubanda.
Kwakhona i iimeteorites kunye neesathelayithi Zinokuba yimveliso yokukrazuka kunye nokuwa kweatmosfera yoMhlaba kuba ngale mitha yelanga iguqulwa ibe yimitha ekwaziyo ukungena lula.
Sikwacebisa ukuba ufunde . . . AMAQELA: IMFIHLO EFIHLEKILEYO YEZINKWEZI KWINDLELA YETHU YOBUSI.
Yingakho i-thermosphere (ionosphere) inoxanduva iigesi ze-ionize, Ngale ndlela, amasuntswana amancinane afumaneka kolu maleko athatha omnye umsebenzi wamandla kodwa ebusuku, oye wawabona ngokuqinisekileyo ekubeni ebizwa ngokuba zii-auroras, kwaye unokubonwa ebusuku.
Kodwa eyona nto sigxile kuyo kukuba oku umaleko obizwa ngokuba yi-thermosphere, Inemitha yeX-reyi, imitha ye<em>gamma nemitha ye<em>ultraviolet yaye okwenzekayo kukuba xa ukuwohloka kwayo kusenzeka, eminye yale mitha yadlula, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba i<em>thermosphere ifudumale ngokuphindwe kabini yaza ngaloo ndlela yakwazi ukudlula imitha ethile ye<em>gamma ne<em>ultraviolet Loo nto ayiphili kuye nawuphi na umntu. Kwaye le radioactivity inokubangela utshintsho ebantwini, umhlaza phakathi kwezinye izifo.