Kwi-hellenic pantheon sinokufumana inani elikhulu labantu abanamandla, ababenempembelelo kubomi baseGrisi. Phakathi kwabo kugqame Athena, ekuqaleni eyayinqulwa njengothixokazi wemisebenzi yezandla, kamva yanxulunyaniswa nemfazwe. Funda konke malunga nesi sithixo sinamandla samaGrike!
Ngubani uAthena?
U-Athena, kwinkolo yamaGrike nguthixo okhusela isixeko, unkulunkulukazi wemfazwe, ubugcisa kunye nesizathu esisebenzayo, esichongwe ngamaRoma phantsi kwegama likaMinerva. Wayengumntu wase-urbane kwaye ephucukile, inkcaso ngeendlela ezininzi zika-Artemis, uthixokazi wangaphandle anxulunyaniswa naye.
Kuxelwa ukuba lo thixo mdala kakhulu, mhlawumbi imvelaphi yangaphambili ye-Hellenic kwaye kamva yamkelwa ngamaGrike awanika ezinye iimpawu kunye nezinto ezikhethekileyo. Noko ke, uqoqosho lwamaGrike, ngokungafaniyo nolo lwamaMinoan, phantse lwalulololohlobo lwasemkhosini ngokupheleleyo, ngale ndlela uthixokazi owamkelweyo, nangona imisebenzi yakhe yangaphambili, eyohlobo lwasekhaya, yayiqondwa, waba nguthixokazi onamandla nothanda imfazwe, isithixo. yemfazwe.
Wayeyintombi kaZeus, owavela ebunzini lakhe njengomntu omdala kwaye kungekhona kumntu ongumama. Kwakukho elinye ibali lokuba uZeyus wamginya uMetis, uthixokazi webhunga, ngoxa wayekhulelwe, ukuze lo thixokazi ekugqibeleni aphume kuZeyus, eyintombi ethandwayo yothixo woothixo ukususela ngoko, alithandabuzeki elokuba wayenamandla amakhulu. .
Ukudibanisa kuka-Athena kunye ne-acropolis yamaGrike mhlawumbi kwakungenxa yendawo yeebhotwe zookumkani apho. Wayecingelwa ukuba akanalo iqabane okanye inzala kwaye ngaxa lithile embalini usenokuba wayechazwa njengentombi enyulu, ngoko ke luphawu olumlandelayo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya phambili kwaye lwalusisiseko sokutolikwa kweempawu zakhe uPallas noParthenos.
Njengothixokazi wemfazwe, lo mfanekiso ufanelekileyo wawungekho phantsi kwegunya lezinye izithixo, uAthena wayengenakoyiswa ngabanye oothixokazi, njengoAphrodite oqhumayo, isithixo esinamandla amakhulu kunye nowayengazange ajonge kuye.
Njengothixokazi webhotwe wayengenakudlwengulwa, nto leyo eyayimkhusela kwizithixo zeOlimpiki ezinganyanisekanga kwezinye iimeko. Kwi- Iliad kaHomer, uAthena, njengothixokazi wemfazwe, ukhuthaza aze alwe ecaleni kwamagorha amaGrike; uncedo lwakho luyafana nobugorha bomkhosi.
Kwakhona kwi- Iliad , uZeus, uthixo oyintloko, unika ngokukodwa ummandla wemfazwe ku-Ares no-Athena, bobabini ababeza kuba ngoothixo abanamandla bemfazwe nokulwa. Ukuphakama kuka-Athena kokuziphatha kunye nomkhosi ngaphezu kwe-Ares kubangelwa inxalenye yokuba umele icala lengqondo kunye nempucuko yemfazwe kunye nokulunga kobulungisa kunye nobuchule, ngelixa i-Ares imele igazi nje.
Ukuphakama kuka-Athena kunxulumene nokwahlukahlukana okukhulu kunye nokufaneleka kwemisebenzi eyenziwa nguye kunye nemvakalelo enkulu yokuthand' izwe yabo bangaphambi kukaHomer, abangazange banike uAres ukubaluleka okufanayo kuba wayengumphambukeli, uthixo ovela kwilizwe lasemzini. umhlaba ongaqhelekanga. Kwi-Iliad, i-Athena yindlela yobuthixo ye-heroic kunye ne-karate efanelekileyo: ubonakalisa ukugqwesa ekulweni, uloyiso kunye nozuko.
Zonke izakhono kunye neempawu ezenza umahluko edabini kwaye ezihlala zimnika uloyiso kwiimfazwe zakhe zigxininiswe kwi-aegis yakhe okanye isifuba sesifuba: ukwesaba, ukhuphiswano, ukukhusela kunye nokuhlaselwa. Lo thixo usemsebenzini waseHomeric owaziwa ngokuba yi-Odyssey, isithixo esiphethe ukukhusela nokukhokela i-Odysseus kunye neentsomi zeminye imithombo emva koko, simchaze ngendlela efanayo, umkhuseli kunye nesikhokelo sabalinganiswa abafana noPerseus kunye Heracles..
Njengomlondolozi wentlalo-ntle yookumkani, uAthena waba nguthixokazi wamacebiso amahle, ubungcathu nokuqonda okusebenzisekayo, kwanemfazwe. Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zobukhosi kwiGrisi yaMandulo. Kwimpucuko ye-post-Mycenaean, isixeko, ngakumbi inqaba yaso, sathatha indawo yebhotwe njengendawo yakudala yesithixokazi. Umzobo wakhe wawuhlonelwa kwiindawo ezininzi kumazwe amandulo, kodwa namhlanje udla ngokunxulunyaniswa ngokukodwa nesixeko saseAthene, esigama laso libhekisela kwisithixo.
Impembelelo yakhe kunye nenkolo phantsi kwegama elithi Athena Polias umgcini kunye nomkhuseli wesixeko, wayengumntu obukeleyo kunye neqabane kwiinguqu ezenza i-Athene ibe ngumhlaba wedemokhrasi, ishiya ngasemva iintsuku zedolophu-state yakhe yobukhosi.
Ukuhlonela uthixokazi kwesi sixeko kwakubonakaliswa kwisiseko seParthenon, apho kubonakala khona amaqhekeza obomi bakhe, njengokuzalwa kwakhe kunye nokungqubana okudumileyo nothixo wolwandle, uPoseidon ngenxa yobunkokeli besixeko esithwalayo. igama lakhe ukusukela ngoko..
Omnye umkhondo wokubaluleka kwakhe kunye nenkolo yakhe yayingumthendeleko wePanathenaic, owawubanjwe ngenyanga kaJulayi, apho ukuzalwa kunye nobomi bakhe babubhiyozelwa. Unyana wakhe owamkelweyo u-Erichthonius, omnye wookumkani base-Athene, waziwa kwimbali njengomntu ophethe umnyhadala wasePanathenaic, owawusonwatyelwa rhoqo kwiminyaka emine ukuhlonipha uthixo.
Lo mbhiyozo wawuquka umngcelele obalaseleyo owawunqumla esixekweni, umboniso kuAthena wengubo okanye ingubo, ngokuqhelekileyo elukiweyo, emele iGigantomachy, nemidlalo yeimbaleki engenaloyiko. Abaphumeleleyo kule midlalo, ngaphezu kozuko kunye nekhredithi, bahlonitshwa nge-amphorae ehonjiswe ngemifanekiso ka-Athena, equlethe ioli ephezulu yomnquma ngaphakathi.
Kodwa unqulo lwakhe aluphelelanga kwesi sixeko, wayethandwa kwaye ehlonishwa kwizixeko ezinezithethe zomkhosi, ezifana ne-Sparta eyaziwayo. Kwakhona kwindima yakhe njengomseki weThebes eBoeotia naseKorinte, apho wavela khona kwiingqekembe zesixeko.
Iimpawu kunye nemiboniso
Esi sithixo sasetyhini sasinxulumene nezinye iintaka kwaye sasinxulunyaniswa ikakhulu nesikhova, umzobo ofunyanwa kunye nerhamba phakathi kweempawu zesixeko kwaye ngoko ke uthixokazi. U-Athena waziwa ngokuba nguthixokazi weengcibi, kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba abe ngumnini nenkosikazi yemfazwe, ngamaxesha oxolo zaziyezona mpawu wayekhunjulwa ngazo.
Wayesaziwa ngakumbi njengengcwele engumxhasi wokusonta nokuluka, ekuhambeni kwexesha waqondwa ngokomfuziselo njengobuthixo obumntwisayo ubulumko nobulungisa, uphuhliso lwendalo loxhaso lwakhe lobuchule.
U-Athena wayedla ngokuboniswa enxibe isikrweqe somzimba kunye nesigcina-ntloko kwaye ephethe ikhaka kunye nomkhonto. Abantu ababini baseAthene, umkroli uPhidias kunye nombhali wemidlalo yeqonga uAeschylus, baba negalelo elikhulu ekusasazweni kwenkcubeko yomfanekiso ka-Athena.
Waphefumlela imisebenzi eqingqiweyo emithathu kaPhidias, kuquka umfanekiso omkhulu wegolide kunye nophondo lwendlovu wechryselephantine ka-Athena Parthenos owakha wema eParthenon kwaye ukhankanywe kwintlekele enkulu ka-Aeschylus u-Eumenides. Kule nto uthixokazi uAthena uvakalisa ukuba ijaji yamadoda alishumi elinesibini avela eAthene igweba uOrestes ize iqwalasele enoba ukufanele ukohlwaywa kusini na. Emva koko kuthiwa waseka iAreyopago (ibhunga lezihandiba laseAthene).
igama kunye ne-epithets
Iingoma zika-Athena zazininzi, ziquka uPallas (intombazana) noParthenos (intombi enyulu), ekuphakameni kwakhe, edume kwaye ebalaseleyo phakathi koothixo beentsomi zamaGrike, ngakumbi ngenxa yokungavumeli ubudlelwane obungekho mthethweni nabanye oothixo, oothixo. ebulalayo. Ezinye ii-epithets zazi:
- I-Promachos (yemfazwe), mhlawumbi ibhekiselele kwimfazwe yokuthanda ilizwe, ukukhusela kunye neqhinga, kunokuba imfazwe ehlaselayo, ngokungafaniyo nomzalwana wakhe onobundlongondlongo nothanda ukulwa, uAres,
- Ergane xa bebhekisa kubudlelwane babo kunye nemisebenzi yezandla
- I-Nike, isimntwiso seyona nto ilungileyo yoloyiso.
ubuntu bothixo
Njengothixokazi wobulumko, iingxwabangxwaba nobungcibi nentombi ethandwayo yothixo owongamileyo uZeyus, ngokuqinisekileyo wayengoyena mntu ukrelekrele ocingayo, ongoyikiyo, okhaliphileyo nonobuchule obungenakuphikiswa nobukhali koothixo beOlympian pantheon.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kwamabali amandulo, kwakucacile ukuba uthixokazi wayengafanelanga kuthatyathwe, njengoko kungqinwa yinguqulelo yakhe esuka eMedusa ukuya kwiGorgon. Imvakalelo yakhe yokusesikweni yayibangela ukuba izenzo zokungahloneli Thixo ziphindezelwe ngokukhawuleza, njengoko kwakunjalo ngamagorha amandulo emva kokuthinjwa kukaTroy nokungcoliswa kwengcwele yesithixokazi.
U-Athena unesisa ngomntu, wayehlala edityaniswa nemisebenzi yezandla zasekhaya kwaye kuthiwa unike abantu abafayo izipho zokupheka kunye nokuthunga. Kwakhona kuthiwa wayechwayitile kwaye eyinto encinci, ukuba waqulunqa i-aulos, kodwa ebona ukubonakalisa kwakhe kunye nezidlele zakhe ezidumbileyo xa edlala ezi flute, waziphosa ukuba zicholwe yi-satyr Marsyas.
Kwintsomi
Esi sithixo sineembekiselo ezininzi kwiintsomi zamaGrike, ngakumbi ezo zinxulumene namagorha, amadabi amakhulu okanye ihambo engoyikiyo. Umkhuseli weHercules, u-Athena uhlala emnceda kwimisebenzi yakhe elishumi elinambini, umzekelo xa ephethe ihlabathi ngelixa i-Atlas ifuna ii-apula ezingcwele ze-Hesperides.
UPerseus wayengomnye wezintandokazi zakhe kwaye wanikwa ikhaka lokuzikhusela ekufuneni kwakhe ukubulala iMedusa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wayehlala e-Achilles kwaye wamnceda ukuba abulale uHector. Umfundi wakhe u-Odysseus naye wayesoloko efumana inzuzo yobulumko buka-Athena, umzekelo, xa kwafika engqondweni yakhe ingcamango yokunxiba njengomngqibi xa ebuyela e-Ithaca, engasathethi ke ukuba wayekhuselwe kwiintolo zeentshaba zakhe xa egxothwa. yebhotwe kubangeneleli.
UJason wayengomnye iqhawe owazuza kubuchule buka-Athena xa ekhuthaza uArgo ukuba akhe inqanawa yokuqala yamaGrike, eyayiza kuthwala igama lakhe kunye nodumo lweArgonauts.
U-Athena wayengomnye wabadlali abaphambili be-akhawunti kaHomer yeMfazwe yeTrojan kwi-Iliad, apho exhasa khona ama-Achaeans kunye namaqhawe alwa edabini, ngakumbi i-Achilles, enika ukhuthazo kunye neengcebiso ezilumkileyo.
Abanye abalinganiswa bafumene ubabalo lwakhe, injalo imeko kaMenelaus, osindisiweyo kutolo lukaPanderos kunye noDiomedes, umkhonto wakhe, kwisiqendu esiphawulekayo, ujike u-Ares ngokwakhe. Kwakhona wanika u-Odysseus ukhuseleko kwaye uzukiswa ngokumnika ingcamango yeHashe Lomthi.
Ababhali bamandulo, kuquka uHomer noHesiod, badla ngokumbiza ngamagama ahlukeneyo kumabali abo, ngoko kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukufunda amagama afana nala amehlo aqaqambileyo y I-Tritogeny ebhekisa kuthixo. Ukwabizwa rhoqo kwiintsomi njengothixokazi we-Booty, uthixokazi weNwele eziNcedisayo, kunye no-Alalkomenaian Athena.
Wayengenamthelekiso kunye nabanye oothixokazi bamaGrike kuba wayesisilumko, engoyiki kwaye ebulala, umzekelo uAphrodite wayenguthixo oqhumayo owaba ngowesibini xa wayejongene no-Athena.
IAcropolis, isixeko esithandekayo saseAthena
Lo thixo unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo ne-Athene, isixeko esathiywa emva kwakhe ngokuhlonipha abantu base-Attica abamkhetha njengengcwele engumxhasi wabo emva kwesipho sabo somthi womnquma oxabisekileyo, umqondiso woxolo nobuninzi kwiGrisi yamandulo.
Uninzi lwamafa aseAthene kwihlabathi abonakaliswe kumbindi wendalo wesixeko kunye neendawo ezisingqongileyo. I-Acropolis yabhengeza indawo yeLifa leHlabathi ngo-1987, iphakame kangangeemitha ezingama-500 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, inemithombo ekufutshane nesiseko kunye nokufikelela okukodwa, iAcropolis yayilukhetho olucacileyo lwenqaba kunye nengcwele yesithixokazi kunye nomkhuseli kwakudala. .
Itempile yaseParthenon ukusuka kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC. C., eqhubeka ukongamela i-acropolis yesixeko kude kube namhlanje, yakhiwe ngembeko yakhe kwaye yenye yamatye anqabileyo aqaqambileyo obutyebi bobuntu kunye ne-Athene, apho umkhondo wothixokazi okhuselayo wasala kwizizukulwana, kwiisampulu ezintle zobugcisa.
Xa uthi krwaqu nje ngokulula ngokukhohlisayo, le tempile inde, ineentsika yintetho, engenalo nekhondo lempixano okanye impixano, yenjongo yomntu ecacileyo nomanyano. Ubukrelekrele bokwakha bugxininiswe ngaphandle, kuba ngaphakathi kwakukho indawo yokusabela uthixokazi uAthena, umxhasi ongcwele owaboleka igama lakhe esixekweni, yayingeyondawo yonqulo lwesininzi, kuphela ngenxa yokungagungqi kothixokazi wakhe oyintanda uAthena.
Umgangatho wayo wokomoya, imvakalelo yokuphantse ukudada phezu kwamanzi, yongezwa kukunqongophala komgca omnye othe tye othe nkqo kwiperistyle, nkqo nganye ithokomele ngokungenakubonwa kwaye ngokwethiyori imalunga neemitha ezili-11.500 esibhakabhakeni.
Iikholamu, zicutha ubukhulu ukuya kumbindi wekholonadi, kunye nesithuba esinciphayo phakathi kwazo, ngokunjalo nethambeka elisingise embindini, iyantlukwano engabonakaliyo kumntu obukeleyo. Nokuba i-fluting kwikholamu nganye iyancipha ngobubanzi njengoko iphakama, kwaye iinkcukacha ezithobekileyo zobugcisa zigqibelele. Isakhiwo esinamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo, esifana nothixokazi owayebakhusela nabanikela imbeko kuye ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo, lo ngumzekelo omncinane wesixeko esasithanda uthixokazi wemfazwe nonothando lwakhe olwalufana.
Iintsomi kunye namabali malunga no-Athena
Uninzi lwezithixo ze-Olympian zineentsomi ezinomdla kakhulu kunye nembali, ezazibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwabantu baseGrisi yamandulo. Iintsomi ezidumileyo ezibonisa uthixokazi uAthena ziquka:
Ukuzalwa kweAthene
Ubaliswa nguHesiod, kumsebenzi wakhe, uTheogony, uAthena onamehlo aqaqambileyo wakhulelwa nguMetis owayengakwazi ukuzala, kuba uZeus, owafumana iingcebiso kuGaia no-Ouranos, wagqiba ekubeni amginye. Ke uAthena intombi yakhe endala wazalelwa nguyise hayi kuMetis, unina.
Ngoku uZeyus, ukumkani wezithixo, waqala ukwenza uMetis (ibhunga elinobulumko) umfazi wakhe, kwaye wayengoyena ulumkileyo phakathi koothixo nabantu abafayo. Kodwa xa wayesele eza kuzala uthixokazi onamehlo aqaqambileyo uAthena, ngobuqhophololo uZeyus wamkhohlisa ngamazwi waza wagqiba kwelokuba amfake esibelekweni sakhe, njengoko wayecetyiswa nguGaia (uMhlaba) neenkwenkwezi zika-Ouranos (iZulu).
UGaia no-Ouranos bamqinisekisa uZeus ukuba nguye kuphela ofanele asebenzise ubukhosi bokwenyani phezu koothixo banaphakade. Kodwa loo mandla ayeza kusongelwa ngomnye wabantwana bakhe abaneMetis.
I-Metis i-Titaness yayiza kuba nabantwana ababini kumanyano lwakhe nenkosi yezithixo: intombazana enamehlo aqaqambileyo uTritogenia, elingana noyise ngamandla nangobulumko. Kwakhona wayeza kuzala unyana onomoya onguzwilakhe owayeza kuba nguKumkani woThixo nabantu. Ukushiya ecaleni uZeus, owabona kunyana wakhe isisongelo esiyingozi waza wagqiba ekubeni aphelise ubomi beqabane lakhe.
Wamkhulisa uMetis ngaphandle kokuzisola, nangona ngelo xesha wayekhulelwe uAthena. Uthixokazi wemfazwe wasekwa ngaphakathi kuZeyus waza wazalwa ebunzini lakhe ngoncedo lukaHephaestus, uthixo womkhandi weentsimbi.
Athena vs Poseidon
I-Poseidon yayiyeyona nto inamandla kwaye inebhongo kwii-Olympians ezilishumi elinambini, umlawuli wamanzi olwandle, iinyikima, izaqhwithi kunye namahashe ahloniphekileyo.
I-Poseidon kunye no-Athena babenengxabano eyaziwayo kumaxesha amandulo, bobabini babekholelwa ukuba banemfanelo eyaneleyo yokuba ngumkhuseli wesixeko samandulo samaGrike, esihle kakhulu kwaye sinemveliso ngelo xesha, namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba yiAthene.
Ukungqina ukubaluleka kwabo njengomgqatswa ofanelekileyo, kwagqitywa kwelokuba uthixo ngamnye anikele isipho kweso sixeko. UCecrops, kamva ukumkani wokuqala waseAthene, wayengumgwebi wokhuphiswano kwaye wayeza kugqiba ukuba yiyiphi isipho esona sihle.
U-Poseidon wachukumisa umhlaba kunye ne-trident yakhe kunye nomthombo wamanzi waphuphuma unika abantu base-Athene ukufikelela kumanzi, kodwa anetyuwa. Kunoko, uAthena wanika abantu baseAthene umthi womnquma, umthi owawubanika ioli, ukutya neenkuni.
Abahlali balapho babewugqala lo mthi uxabiseke ngakumbi kubo kunomthombo wamanzi anetyuwa ongenamsebenzi wothixo wolwandle, ngoko uAthena waphumelela ukhuphiswano. U-Poseidon wayenomsindo, wayengaqhelanga ukudelwa, ngakumbi ukulahlekelwa, ngoko ngokuziphindezela wathumela umkhukula omkhulu kwithafa le-Attic ukuze ohlwaye ama-Athene.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha esi sixeko sachacha yaye kamva, umthi womnquma waba ngumfuziselo wokuchuma kwezoqoqosho eAthene, egama layo lalihlonelwa kumkhuseli wayo.
Athena kunye neMedusa
IMedusa yayisisidalwa esoyikekayo, esibizwa ngokuba yiGorgon. Nangona kwakungekho mntu ukwaziyo ukumjonga ngokusondeleyo, bamchaza njengomntu owoyikayo, okhangeleka njengowasetyhini onamarhamba aphilayo anetyhefu apho iinwele zakhe zazifanele zibe khona.
Kodwa iMedusa yayingasoloko inje. Ekuqaleni wayengumfazi omhle ngokumangalisayo, umfundisi onyulu wothixokazi uAthena. Ngelo xesha imfuneko yokuba ngumbingelelikazi ka-Athena yayiyintombi enyulu.
Eyaziwayo ngemicimbi yakhe yothando kunye nokungathathi impendulo, uPoseidon wayenqwenela kakhulu iMedusa waza wamsukela ngokungapheliyo. Eli bhinqa lazama ukusaba ngokubalekela kwitempile ka-Athena, kodwa oko akuzange kumthintele uthixo oneenkani wolwandle. UPoseidon wafumana uMedusa kwaye ngaphandle kokuzisola wamdlwengula kumgangatho wetempile.
Emva kokufumanisa oku, u-Athena wazala ngumsindo waza wajezisa uMedusa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa bubunyulu bakhe, wamguqula waba yinto eyoyikisayo. Iinwele zakhe ezintle zanyamalala kwaza endaweni yazo kwavela iinyoka ezoyikekayo zaza zabangela ukuba ubuso bakhe bungabonakali, njengoko ukububona nje kwakuya kujika abo babukeleyo batye ngamatye.
Athena kunye Perseus
UPerseus ngumseki odumileyo weMycenae, elinye lamaziko aphambili empucuko yamaGrike. U-Athena wayebathanda kakhulu abafana abakhaliphileyo kwaye wanceda amaqhawe amaninzi kwiimfuno zabo, njengoko unokuthelekelela ukuba omnye wabo yayinguPerseus.
Xa eli qhawe linesibindi lathunyelwa ukubulala iGorgon Medusa, uAthena wabonakala kuye waza wamnika izixhobo awayeza kuzifuna ukuze ambulale.
Wanikela uPerseus ngekhaka lobhedu olupholisiweyo, ukuze abone ukubonakalisa kukaMedusa endaweni yokumjonga ngqo ebusweni, ukumsindisa ekubeni aguqulwe abe ngamatye.
UPerseus waya emqolombeni kaMedusa ngelixa elele kwaye ebona umfanekiso kwisihlangu esiphucukileyo, wasondela ngokukhuselekileyo waza wamnqumla intloko. Kwakungelo xesha apho inzala yakhe emibini edumileyo kwiintsomi, uChrysaor noPegasus, baphuma entanyeni yakhe. Wakhulelwa xa uPoseidon wadlwengula intombazana.
Athena kunye noPallas
UPallas wayeyintombi kaTriton, umthunywa wolwandle kunye nomnye wabahlobo abasondeleyo baka-Athena. UTriton wabafundisa ngenkuthalo bobabini ubugcisa bemfazwe, ababusebenzisayo ngexesha lomnyhadala weembaleki.
UPallas no-Athena balwa ngemikhonto kumlo wobuhlobo ohlekisayo, apho ophumeleleyo yayiza kuba ngulowo wakwazi ukukhulula umchasi wakhe. Nangona uthixokazi wemfazwe wayekhokele edabini ekuqaleni, uPallas waba negunya emva kwexesha elithile.
UZeus, ngelinge lokubona intombi yakhe isoyisa, waphazamisa uPallas owayengakwazi ukuzikhusela ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kuka-Athena. Uthixokazi wemfazwe wambulala ngempazamo umhlobo wakhe osenyongweni, kuba akazange akuphephe ukuhamba kwakhe njengoko wayelindele.
Ezaliswe lusizi kunye nokuzisola, uAthena wadala iPalladium kwaye kuthiwa udwebe umfanekiso ngokufana nomhlobo wakhe ofileyo. Intlungu yakhe ngenxa yale nto ayenzileyo yamkhathaza waza wathatha newonga elithi Pallas njengembeko kumhlobo wakhe ongasekhoyo.
Kwathiwa nje ukuba iPalladium ihleli eTroy, isixeko asiyi kuwa. Ngenxa yoku, igama elithi palladium ngoku lisetyenziselwa ukuthetha nantoni na ekholelwa ukuba inika ukhuseleko okanye ukhuseleko. Kwakhona, i-chemical element i-Palladium ithiywe ngegama le-asteroid Pallas, eyathi yabizwa ngegama likaPallas awathi uAthena wafumana imbeko kumhlobo wakhe.
Athena kunye neArachne
UArachne wayeyintombazana ephuma kwisixeko saseLydia, edume kakhulu ngetalente yakhe kunobuhle bayo. Kwafumaniseka ukuba eli bhinqa liselula lalingumluki onobuchule nesonta, kangangokuba laliqinisekile ngobuchule balo kangangokuba lacela umngeni uAthena, uthixokazi wemisebenzi yezandla, kukhuphiswano lokuluka.
UAthena wayesenza ilaphu elihle elibonisa oothixo noothixokazi ababehleli kunye kwiNtaba yeOlympus yaye besenzela abantu izinto ezilungileyo. Kwelinye icala, uArachne wayeluke ilaphu eligculela oothixo noothixokazi, ebabonisa ukuba banxilile yaye bekhubeka, besenza isiphithiphithi kuzo zonke izinto.
Xa uAthena ebona oko u-Arachne wayelukiwe, waba nomsindo waza wambonisa umnwe wakhe kuye. Ngephanyazo nangephanyazo, iimpumlo neendlebe zika-Arachne zawa, iinwele zakhe zawa, iingalo nemilenze yakhe yande yaza yabhitya, umzimba wakhe wonke washwabana waza wakhubeka de waba sisigcawu esincinane.
Igama lezigcawu kwiilwimi ezininzi, kunye negama leklasi ye-taxonomic Arachnida, livela eArachne. umfazi owadelela uAthena waza wagculela oothixo. I-Arachne yesigcawu ibonakale kaninzi kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo echazwe kwiinoveli, iimuvi, kunye nochungechunge lwethelevishini njengesigcawu esibi.
Ukuba inqaku lethu belinjengokuthanda kwakho, ungalibazisi ukudibana namanye amakhonkco anomdla kakhulu kwibhlog: