Inkqubela phambili kwinzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi ibingayi kuba nzulu njengoko injalo ukuba ibingasetyenziswanga i-astrophysics. Yonke into esiyaziyo ngoku yiseti yeenkalo ezihamba kunye benza ngokuvisisana nemithetho yendalo efanayo. I-Astrophysics ijongene nokusebenzisa ezi zinto zisisiseko kwindalo yasezulwini ukuze ube nombono ocacileyo ngemvelaphi yazo.
Amanye amadoda abalulekileyo esayensi anjengoAlbert Einstein, uIsaac Newton okanye uStephen Hawking, ashiye ilifa elikhulu ngokunxulumene ne-astrophysics. Bangumzekelo wendlela eli sebe elibalulekileyo lenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi ekufuneka kusetyenzwe ngalo kwaye lixatyiswe. Ekubeni, ngenxa yabo, iimfihlelo ezibalulekileyo ze-cosmos ziye zatyhilwa.
Unokuba nomdla kwinqaku lethu: Ifunda ntoni i-Astrochemistry: iSayensi esiza kuqonda ngayo i-Universe
Fumana ukuba yintoni iastrophysics, nokuba ibonakala inzima!
Umthombo: ConceptDefinition
Umbuzo omkhulu wokuba yintoni na i-astrophysics, nayo ifanele ukuphendulwa ngokobukhulu bento eyimeleyo. Ngokubanzi, i-astrophysics idibanisa eyona mihlaba mibini, i-physics kunye ne-astronomy ephikisanayo.
Ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo, kuye kwasekwa ukuba yonke imithetho ye-physics kunye ne-chemistry iyasebenza kwindalo yonke. Ke ngoko, i-astrophysics ixhomekeke ekusebenziseni imigaqo enjalo ukujonga nokufunda izidalwa zasezulwini.
I-Astrophysics ngokunjalo imisela indlela yokuziphatha komzimba wasezulwini, nokuba yiplanethi, isathelayithi, iasteroid, icomet, inkwenkwezi, umnyele, phakathi kwezinye. Xa kubhekiselwa ekuziphatheni kwenye yezi zinto, kuhambelana nomgama, ukunyakaza, isakhiwo kunye nazo zonke iziganeko ezinxulumene nazo.
Abo bafundayo kwaye bagxininise kumbono wento ye-astrophysics, baya kuba ngabanakho ukubonisa ulwazi lwabo. Enkosi kubo, kuyenzeka ukuba kwenziwe ezona mfuniselo zipheleyo nezichanekile ukuvelisa ukufunyanwa kwehlabathi elitsha okanye iimbono zokuphononongwa.
Yintoni iastrophysics esekwe kuyo? Fumana indlela awahlukana ngayo nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi!
Ukuba yinxalenye ye-astronomy ngokubanzi, imbali yayo isukela emva ekuqaleni koluntu. Umntu ebesoloko efuna ukwazi yaye ukususela oko waqalisa ukuba nomdla kwisibhakabhaka, akawushiyanga ngasemva loo mnqweno wolwazi.
Ngokufika kokufika kweNzululwazi yeNzululwazi kwicala le abaphambili abanjengoCopernicus, uGalileo okanye uKepler, iziseko ezibengezelayo zaqala ukuvela. Iindlela ezininzi zokubala okanye iifomula zaye zaqaliswa, ukusekela izinto ezifunyenweyo, inyathelo nenyathelo, zathi zanikwa ngokwemigaqo ye-astronomy.
Nangona kunjalo, ayizange ide ibe nguJ. Von Fraunhofer ukuba imithetho yendalo kaNewton neminye imichiza yadityaniswa novavanyo lwakhe. Ngoko ke, ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, ilitye lokuqala labekwa ukuze kumiswe iziko lezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-astrophysics.
Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands, umbono wento abayenzayo
Ikomkhulu elimiselweyo leZiko le-Astrophysics yeZiqithi zaseCanary kufuneka ibe yeyona njongo iphambili kwabo banqwenela ukufunda lo msebenzi unzima. Eyona njongo yeli ziko kukusebenza njengentsika yophando ngesibhakabhaka ngokusekelwe kwiastrophysics nezinye iinkalo.
Njengoko igama layo libonisa, ifumaneka kwiiCanary Islands, ukwenza inxalenye ye I-Observatory yaseMntla Yurophu. Eli ziko likhuliswa kungekuphela ngamaziko ophando kazwelonke, kodwa namazwe angaphezu kwe-15 asebenzisanayo ngenjongo efanayo.
I-Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands yenziwe yiRoque de los Muchachos Observatory, egcina inani elikhulu leteleskopu. Kwaye ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, isebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yeGran Telescopio de Canarias, umsebenzi owaziwa kakhulu wobunjineli.
Kwelinye icala, yenziwe yiTeide Observatory, isebe ezinikele kakhulu kwiinkcukacha ezichanekileyo nezicwangcisiweyo zenkwenkwezi engumzali. Oko kukuthi, ziingcali kwiintshukumo kunye nokuziphatha kwelanga, zikhatshwa ziiteleskopu zelanga nezasebusuku.
Ngenxa yoko, eli ziko belisebenza ukususela ngo-1959, liqala ukudityaniswa yiTeide Observatory. Kamva, kwiminyaka eli-11 kamva, yanikwa igama layo langoku njengoko yaziwa.
Njengoko ixesha lihamba, i-Roque de los Muchachos Observatory yasekwa, ngokubambisana nee-arhente zokuqala ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Ekugqibeleni, ayizange iyeke ukukhula de yafumana izinto ezinkulu kwindalo iphela njengomngxuma omnyama ngaphakathi kweMilky Way.
Ngaba usenomdla? Ezi zezona ndaba zibalulekileyo ze-astrophysics!
Isiganeko ngasinye esinokubaluleka okukhulu eluntwini asithathi xesha lide ukuvakala phakathi koluntu ngokubanzi. Umzekelo woku ziindaba ze-astrophysics, i-anecdotes okanye iimeko ezibaluleke kakhulu kuluntu lwezenzululwazi kunye neplanethi.
Umthombo: Ingcaciso
Iindaba ezininzi zikwiphepha lokuqala kumazwe ahlukeneyo ngokwento abayichaza njengesiseko. Uninzi, njengoko kukhankanyiwe, lufanelekile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, Okulandelayo, uya kukwazi okona kulungileyo.
Ukuziphatha okukrakra komngxuma omnyama kwenkwenkwezi
Imingxuma emnyama ngamaqumrhu antsokothileyo apho imithetho yefiziksi ingakhululekanga. Kuninzi okungaziwayo ngabo kwaye iindaba zixhaphake ngakumbi ngabo.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2020, bekunokwenzeka ukuba kuqinisekiswe kwividiyo okanye kukulinganisa, njengoko umngxuma omkhulu omnyama waphelisa ubomi benkwenkwezi. Ukudibana okumangalisayo, okuphela ngokukhululwa okukhulu kwamandla, ukuvelisa into esondeleyo yohlobo lwayo kwiplanethi (iminyaka eyi-210 yezigidi zokukhanya).
Imitha yokukhanya evela kwiBhaso leNobel kwiFiziksi
Ngo-Okthobha walo nyaka, uReinhard Genzel, isazi ngeenkwenkwezi esidumileyo nesiwongwe ngeBhaso leNobel leFiziksi, waxela kwangaphambili oko abaninzi bebekulindile. Ngexesha elithile, eyona mifanekiso ichanekileyo ejikeleze ukuya kumngxuma omkhulu omnyama olawula iMilky Way.
Ngaba i-wormholes iyinyani?
Ngokuphathelele iindaba zenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi, iCentral Astronomical Observatory yaseSt. Petersburg, yanikela ingxelo ebangel’ umdla ngayo. Kwafunyanwa ukukhutshwa kwemitha yegamma engaqhelekanga ukusuka kumngxunya omnyama omkhulu. Le meko ithile inike umbono ngokuqiniseka ngakumbi malunga nobukho bemibhobho.