Imithi yezona ntlobo zezityalo ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ukuhombisa amakhaya kunye neendawo zesixeko, ngenxa yobuhle bazo obukhulu kodwa nangenxa yeempawu zabo ezikhethekileyo, masazi kweli nqaku zonke iimpawu zoMthi we-Eucalyptus, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo. inkathalo ekufuneka ithatyathwe kulondolozo lwayo.
umthi we-eucalyptus
Imithi ithathwa njengezona zityalo zibalulekileyo kuluntu, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba ziqhuba enye yezona nkqubo zibalulekileyo ze-biochemical ebomini, ezifana ne-photosynthesis ukufumana i-oksijini, ibalulekile kuphuhliso lwezinye iinkqubo eziqhutywa zezinye izidalwa. . Ukongeza ekubeni kukho iindidi ezininzi zeentlobo ezihombisa yonke indalo engqongileyo kwaye zincedise ngeempawu zazo ezithile.
Kule meko, umthi we-eucalyptus kufuneka ugxininiswe, owaziwa ngokuba yi-Eucalyptus, oku kuthetha "ukugqunywa kakuhle" ngokubhekiselele kwimbewu egqunyiweyo, kwezinye iingcali ihlelwa phakathi kwemithi, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuba iwela phantsi kokuhlelwa kwezihlahla. yeyosapho lwe-myrtaceae, malunga neentlobo ezingama-700, ihambelana nesityalo sase-Australia kunye neNew Guinea.
Ngoku isasazwa phantse kulo lonke ihlabathi, ikwazi ukuqhelana nayo nayiphi na imozulu, ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamahlathi ezidla ngokusetyenziselwa ushishino lwephepha, amaplanga kunye nokufumana ezinye iimveliso zekhemikhali kwaye ikakhulu ngenxa yexabiso layo lokuhombisa. .
Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomthi wokuhombisa kodwa ingasetyenziselwa iinjongo zonyango, ngenxa yesi sizathu emva kwexesha ityalwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kwaye ngaphezu kokuziqhelanisa nemozulu eyahlukeneyo ivumele ukukhula kwayo okwahlukeneyo, ngale ndlela inenzuzo, kumashishini nakwiinjongo zomntu ngamnye.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngumthi ohlukeneyo, ezinye zinembonakalo yemithi kwaye kwezinye iimeko zehlathi, imithi ifikelela kwi-10 ukuya kwi-30 yeemitha ukuphakama kwaye kukho iintlobo zeemitha ezingama-60, konke oku kungenxa yokuba ukuziqhelanisa ngokulula neemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo umthi utshintsha inkangeleko yawo ukuze ukhule ngokuncomekayo. Enye yezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo kule meko yi i-eucalyptus regnas Inawona magqabi abanzi ehlabathini.
Eminye yemithi ye-eucalyptus inokuba nesiqu kunye nesithsaba esincinci nangona inde, kwezinye iimeko inesiqu kunye namasebe akhula kumgama owaneleyo ukusuka emhlabeni kwaye kwezinye iimeko kubonwa izikhondo ezincinci, eziluhlaza kwaye zigudile. amabala apinki kwaye kwimeko yeziqu ezivuthiweyo zigqunywe ngexolo eliluhlaza kunye nomdaka omdaka.
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu
Umthi we Eucalyptus luhlobo oluhlala luluhlaza, ngamafutshane yimithi ehlala ixesha elide, inzalelwane yase Australia nase New Guinea. Iyinxalenye ye-Eucalyptus genus, yenziwe malunga neentlobo ezingama-700 kwaye inokukhula iye phezulu, nangona iintlobo ezingamashumi amathathu eemitha ukuphakama zikholisa ukufumaneka. Isiqu sayo sithe tye kwaye sinexolo elimdaka elikhanyayo nelinokuxotyulwa lula.
Umthi we-Eucalyptus unokufikelela malunga neemitha ezingamashumi amathandathu ubude kwaye ubalasele ngokuba nesiqu esigudileyo, esibhityileyo kunye nesinde. Emva kokuba befumene ubude obufunekayo, baqala ukuvelisa amahlumela ekuveliseni kwabo. Amagqabi anokuboniswa ngeentlobo ezimbini eziphambili, ezinje nge-oval encinci okanye ekhulile ekhulile, kuzo zombini iimeko ziluhlaza, iintyatyambo zazo zihlelwa ngokwe-inflorescence yazo emhlophe.
Iintlobo eziphambili zeEucalyptus
Izityalo zihlelwa ngamaqela ahlukeneyo kunye neentsapho, ngenxa yokwandiswa kwazo kwihlabathi lonke, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo esinye ziye zavela, eziye zatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yokuba zibonakaliswe kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo, amaqondo obushushu, umhlaba kunye nezinye izinto. zezona ntlobo zomthi we-Eucalyptus:
I-Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Ikwaziwa njenge-eucalyptus ebomvu. Ngumthi obaluleke kakhulu owazalelwa eOstreliya, ujongwa ikakhulu kwiintlango ezishushu. Olu hlobo luhlala lufikelela kubude obumalunga neemitha ezingamashumi amathandathu ubude, lunexolo elishinyeneyo nelithambileyo, linombala obomvu, olungwevu, oluluhlaza kunye nomhlophe.
I-Eucalyptus deglupta
Yaziwa ngokuba yirainbow eucalyptus, ithathwa njengenye yeentlobo ze-eucalyptus ezitsala umdla kakhulu ngenxa yexolo layo elimibalabala, liwenza umthi owahluke kakhulu, onemibala phakathi kweethoni eziblowu, ezimfusa, eziorenji kunye ne-maroon. Ngumthi ovela eNew Britain, eNew Guinea, eSeram naseSulawesi. Olu hlobo lwe-eucalyptus lunokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-75 ubude kwaye lunexolo elikhuphayo ngendlela yeeribhoni.
I-Eucalyptus gunnii
IEucalyptus Gunnii ikwabizwa ngokuba yi Gunn's eucalyptus okanye cider eucalyptus, ngumthi oyinzalelwane yase Tasmania kwaye uqhele ukuyokuma kwi 37 metres ubude, uphakathi phakathi kwazo zonke iindidi zawo, anokuba nesiqu esiqinileyo kunye namasebe anwebekayo phakathi. iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Amagqabi ayo anokuba yi-elliptical okanye i-oval ene-8 centimeters ubude kunye ne-3 ububanzi, imibala yayo iphakathi kohlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Eucalyptus globulus
Ngokuqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-eucalyptus emhlophe okanye i-eucalyptus eluhlaza. Luhlobo oluhlala kumzantsi-mpuma weOstreliya kunye neTasmania, malunga neentlobo ezingama-300 zolu hlobo lweEucalyptus ezifumanekayo, ziphawulwa ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, zifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40 ukuphakama. Okwangoku zifumaneka kuwo nawuphi na ummandla wehlabathi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweEucalyptus Tree
Imithi ibonakaliswe ngokubonisa iimpawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezibanika iipropati ezikhethekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe ngumntu, masazise eyona nto ifanelekileyo yomthi we-Eucalyptus:
Ukusetyenziswa koMthi we-Eucalyptus ngamayeza
Umthi we-eucalyptus uneoli efunekayo, ekhutshwa emagqabini. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthomalalisa iimpumlo, ukulwa nemikhuhlane kunye naso nasiphi na isifo sokuphefumla. Namhlanje, banokufumaneka ngokulula kwiipilisi, ii-syrups, phakathi kwabanye. Ukongeza, inokusetyenziswa njengento yokugxotha iingcongconi.
Umzi mveliso weplanga kunye nephepha
Umthi we-eucalyptus ubonakala ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye umthi wawo unokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ifenitshala encinci kunye nephepha. Kukho namazwe afana neSpain anezityalo ze-Eucalyptus ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba yodidi lweEucalyptus globulus eGalicia kunye neEucalyptus camaldulensis kumzantsi-ntshona wepeninsula. Njengoko ingumthi okhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ikwathintela abanye ekukhuleni ecaleni kwabo ukuze bafumane inzuzo kumaxolo awo kushishino lwamaplanga.
Kufuneka kuthatyathwe inkathalo engqongqo kuba amasimi anzima angonakalisa izityalo nezilwanyana zalapha, njengoko kusenziwa imonoculture kunokubangela inani eliphantsi kakhulu lezityalo ezithwala umungu. Kwakhona, kuchaphazele umhlaba ukusa kwinqanaba lokuwuthoba kwaye ungavumeli izondlo. Ukongezelela, ngohlobo lwexolo elinalo, imililo inokusasazeka ngokulula.
I-Eucalyptus njengesityalo sokuhombisa
Ngaphandle kokhathalelo oluqhubekayo ekufuneka lubonakaliswe kwizityalo ze-eucalyptus, isibakala sokuba sesinye sezona zityalo zisetyenziswayo ukubakho kwiigadi kunye nemihombiso yangaphakathi igqamile, nto leyo inokusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo ngendlela yokuhombisa, iqaqambisa ukuba gcina inkathalo ekhethekileyo yokukhula kakuhle komthi.
Ukhathalelo lwemithi yeEucalyptus
Zonke iintlobo zezityalo kufuneka zibe nokhathalelo olukhethekileyo xa zityalwe egadini okanye xa zifunyenwe kwindawo yomboniso, ikakhulu ukugcina iimeko zaso zendalo, ubuhle nokugcina ubomi baso phantsi kokhathalelo lomntu, masazise ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezikhethekileyo zeEucalyptus yoMhlobiso olungileyo. Ukukhathalelwa kwemithi:
Ubicación
Kucetyiswa ukuba ube nesityalo ngaphandle, sibekwe elangeni. Ngenxa yokuba iingcambu zabo zihlala zihlasela kakhulu, kungcono ukuzityala kumgama omncinci weemitha ezilishumi ukusuka kwiindonga, imibhobho, imigangatho, phakathi kwezinye, ukuphepha ukutshabalalisa into ejikelezileyo.
Umhlaba
Umhlaba osetyenziselwa ukutyala umthi we-eucalyptus kufuneka ube neemeko eziyimfuneko ngokohlobo lokutyala olwenziwayo, njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:
- Igadi: ingakhula nakuluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba, ngaphandle kwalowo umanzi ngokusisigxina.
- Imbiza: Akukhuthazwa ukutyalwa embizeni ngokusisigxina ngenxa yeengcambu zayo ezihlaselayo. Ekuqaleni zingatyalwa apho kodwa nge-universal substrate.
Unkcenkceshelo
Amanzi yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo xa kutyalwa isityalo, kulo mzekelo, kucetyiswa ukunkcenkceshela amaxesha ama-3 okanye ama-4 ehlotyeni kwaye ekupheleni konyaka phakathi kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5.
Umbhalisi
Ukuba ngumthi okhula ngokulula kwaye unokulungelelanisa naluphi na uhlobo lweemeko, ayifuni isichumisi esikhethekileyo, ngoko ayiyona nto iphambili.
Ukuthena
Ukuthena yiseti yeendlela ezisetyenziswayo ukugcina ubuhle bezityalo kunye nokususa loo masebe athintela ukukhula kwawo. Kule meko, sivame ukuthena amasebe awomileyo, agulayo, abuthathaka okanye aphukileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kobusika.
Ukuphindaphinda kwe-Eucalyptus
Ukuveliswa komthi we-eucalyptus kunokuqhutywa ngenkqubo engundoqo leyo yembewu, apho iphindaphindeka kakhulu kwixesha lentwasahlobo.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Iintlobo ze-Eucalyptus zikholisa ukuxhathisa iqabaka ukusuka kwi--3 degrees ukuya ku-5 degrees, kodwa kukho ezinye, ezifana i-eucalyptus pauciflora, i-eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus gunnii y Eucalyptus subcrenulataZixhathisa ukuya kutsho kwi -10 degrees ukuya kwi -20ºC.
Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku libe luncedo, sikushiyela abanye abaya kuba nomdla kuwe ngokuqinisekileyo: