Besisoloko sibanjwa izilwanyana zasentlango kwaye lo mbuzo ulandelayo udla ngokuvela: bakwenza njani ukusinda kwiimeko ezinzima ngolo hlobo? Kule post siza kuzama ukucacisa oko kunye namanye amathandabuzo.
Ziphila njani izilwanyana zasentlango?
Iintlango ziindawo ezineempawu zazo, zixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba kucingwa. Kwakhona, ngokwahlukileyo kwinkolelo ethandwayo, zinokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezishushu nezibandayo, ezaziwa ngokuba ziintlango ezinomkhenkce okanye ezikwiincam. Nangona kuzo zombini ezi meko babelana malunga nokungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwemvula.
Ngaloo ndlela umhlaba weentlango ube ngumqwebedu, womile kwaye urhabaxa. Nangona kunjalo, le meko inzima kakhulu ayikuthinteli ubukho bezilwanyana kunye neentyatyambo kwezi ndawo. Noko ke, izityalo nezilwanyana zawo kuye kwafuneka ziqhelane neemeko ezinzima.
Kodwa izidalwa ezihlala kwezi ndawo zinganqwenelekiyo azinqabile njengoko kucingwa. Nangona imele iqondwe into yokuba azahlukanga kakhulu, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ezininzi eziqokelelwa ngamahlathi namahlathi.
Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba amahlamvu asentlango anemithombo yamanzi anqabileyo, ngoko ke ukukhula kwawo kuhamba kancinci. Oku kunokubonwa kumhlaba ophantse ube ngumqwebedu, onika amathuba ambalwa okuba izilwanyana zitye. Kodwa kwaye ayibavumeli ukuba bakhethe ngakumbi ukuzikhusela elangeni nasemoyeni.
Ngaloo ndlela baye bangenandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokuqhelana namaqondo obushushu angentle. Bakwakwazi ukunyamezela iintsuku zonke bengasela manzi, ngelixa kufuneka bakwazi ukufumana ukutya ebusuku, ukuphepha ilanga elitshisayo.
Ngaloo ndlela, ubomi bezilwanyana zasentlango bubingelelwa kakhulu, kwizinambuzane nakwizilwanyana ezincancisayo. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo ngalunye luneempawu zalo eziyahlula kwezinye. Kodwa siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kungekudala.
Izilwanyana zasentlango: imizekelo kunye neempawu
Apha siza kubhekisela kwimizekelo ethile kunye iimpawu zezilwanyana zasentlango, kodwa yeentlango ezishushu, ekubeni kwiindawo ezikwiindawo ezincanyana zinqabile, ngoko siza kuzishiya ngesinye isihlandlo.
Ikhamera
Alithandabuzeki elokuba iinkamela sesinye sezilwanyana zokuqala ezithi qatha engqondweni xa sisiva igama elithi entlango. Njengoko kwaziwa luninzi oluninzi, ezi zidalwa zaziwayo zinokuqokelela amanqatha amaninzi kwi-hump yazo. Ngamanqatha aya kuthi kamva atshiswe aze aphinde agaywe ngumzimba wakho, njengoko ungafumani kutya.
Ukongezelela, iinkamela zineenwele ezingqindilili ezindlebeni zazo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba intlabathi ingangeni ezindlebeni zazo. Kwenzeka into efanayo ngeenkophe zakhe, nazo zingqindilili kwaye zinde.
Kodwa kukho ukulungelelaniswa okumangalisayo ngakumbi kule yokuqala kuluhlu lwezilwanyana zasentlango. Sibhekisela kwiinwebu ezikhethekileyo abanazo emehlweni nakwiimpuphu. Ezi zizalisekisa imisebenzi efanayo yezicathulo ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ukuhamba phezu kwekhephu.
Hayi
Okulandelayo kolu luhlu lwezilwanyana zasentlango, ziphuma kwizinja zasekhaya. Kodwa aba bahlala kwimimandla eyintlango yaseOstreliya, apho banokulinganisa iimitha ezisisi-1,5. IiDingo zihlala ngamaqela eentsapho, nangona zinokudityaniswa kwiipakethe ezinkulu ukwenza ukuzingela kusebenze ngakumbi.
Ekuqaleni ezi zidalwa zazisekela ukutya kwazo kwiikhangaru, nangona ekufikeni komntu kumhlaba wazo omkhulu incasa yazo yatshintsha, ngoko ngoku zityekele ngakumbi kwiigusha nakwimivundla.
Peccary
Sisilwanyana esanyisayo esinenkqubo yokwetyisa eyomeleleyo, kangangokuba siyakwazi ukuginya i-cacti ngaphandle kokuchatshazelwa yimiqolo emininzi yezi zityalo.
Njengoko kunokubonwa, kuyindlela egqithisileyo yokuphila, kuba i-cacti, ngaphezu kokuba ngumthombo wokutya, inika i-peccary, njengezinye izidalwa, kunye nomthamo omkhulu wolwelo olubalulekileyo.
Ganga
IiGanga ziintaka ezihlala kwezona ndawo zibharhileyo zaseAsia nakuMntla Afrika. Eyona nto imangalisayo ngezi ntaka kukuba iintsiba zesisu zinesixhobo esizivumela ukuba zifunxe kwaye zibambe amanzi amancinane.
Iinkunzi zaziwa ngokusebenzisa ezi ntsiba njengezipontshi, ukuthwala amanzi ukuya kwiindlwane zazo kwaye zabelane namaqabane azo kunye namantshontsho.
ICorrecaminos
Ngoku siza kubona esinye sezona zilwanyana zidumileyo zasentlango: umgijimi wendlela. Le yintaka eqhelekileyo kwezona ndawo zomileyo kuMntla Merika. Ezi zilwanyana zibalaseleyo azibetheli nje i-coyote yasentsomini kulo lonke ithuba, kodwa ziyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokusela amanzi.
Lo mmangaliso wendalo unokwenzeka, ngenxa yokuba bafumana ulwelo olubalulekileyo ekutyeni kwabo. Kodwa njengakuzo zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana, le ntsiba ikhawulezayo kunye nobukrelekrele kufuneka ikhuphe iiminerali ezingazidingiyo. Ingxaki kukuba awukwazi ukuyenza loo nto ngomchamo, njengoko oku kuya kuba yinkcitho engaxolelekiyo yolwelo.
Ngaloo ndlela, umntu obaleka endleleni ugxininisa zonke ezi zimbiwa kwithontsi nje elinye lolwelo, elikhupha njengenyembezi kwidlala elikufutshane namehlo.
irhamba lesanti
Lo mmi wasentlango yenye yezona nyoka zibulalayo kwesi sijikelezi-langa. Ukubulala kwayo kungenxa yehemotoxin eyivelisayo, ekwaziyo ukubulala naliphi na ixhoba ngoko nangoko.
Inyoka yasesantini isekela ukutya kwayo kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo ezincinci, kunye neentaka namacikilishe. Inendawo yokuhlala kwintlango yeSahara kwaye inokufikelela kwi-35 cm ubude. Ikwabonwa ngentloko yayo engunxantathu kunye namehlo amancinci.
Ooqongqothwane
Kwezi zidalwa zasentlango kukho iindidi ezininzi. Njengomzekelo singacaphula inkuba-bulongo okanye i-Stenocara gracilipes beetle.
Inkuba-bulongo, okanye iacatanga, yayifuzisela uphawu oluhlonelwayo kwiYiputa yamandulo. Lo mncinane wasentsomini owasindayo utya ilindle lezinye izilwanyana zasentlango. Ngale nto badla ngokubumba ilindle ngendlela yebhola abathi emva koko bayityhale baye kumngxunyana wabo, apho igama labo liphuma khona.
Ngokwecala layo, iStenocara gracilipes yindawo ehlala kwintlango yaseNamib, kumazantsi eAfrika. Ngenxa yokuba kufutshane elwandle, esi sibhakabhaka sikhulu sixhamla kwinkungu yolwandle ngeeyure zasekuseni. Kukule nkungu abathi aba qongqothwane bafumane amanzi abawafunayo ukuze baphile kule ntlango.
Uyenza njani? Ewe, mhlawumbi awukholelwa. Kufumaniseka ukuba ezi zidalwa zihlala zingashukumi ixesha elide ukuze inkungu ijiye emizimbeni yazo. Emva koko, xa amaconsi ambalwa adalwe, amabhungane aphelisa ukoma kwawo ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo kwaye kude kube yimini elandelayo, xa, njengoko sele ucinga, kufuneka uhlale uvuka kusasa.
Idax
Okulandelayo kolu luhlu lwezilwanyana zasentlango luhlobo lwenyamakazi ehlala kwiSahara eyomileyo nebulalayo. Yi-addax, isidalwa esisengozini yokuphela ngenxa yokuzingela okungakhethiyo. Ngoku kushiyeke iikopi ezimalunga nama-500 kuphela. Basuka eMauritania, eChad naseNigeria.
Ezi zilwanyana zintle zasentlango zibonakala ngeempondo ezijijekileyo kunye noboya obude, yiyo loo nto zikwabizwa ngokuba Inyamakazi emhlophe.
Ukutya kwabo kusekelwe kwimifuno, amagqabi kunye nezityalo eziqhelekileyo zasentlango. Into emangalisayo kukuba esi silwanyana sanyisayo sikhupha amanzi amaninzi esiwafunayo ekutyeni. Ngaloo ndlela bayakwazi ukusinda ekunqongophelweni okuqatha kwamanzi okuphawula iSahara.
IiVaranids
Usapho lwe Varanidae ludibanisa iindidi ezininzi zamacikilishe asuka eAfrika, nangona uninzi lwawo luhlala kwintlango yeSahara. Babonakala ngokuba netyhefu kwaye benze ndlongondlongo xa beziva besongelwa. Inegazi elibandayo, nto leyo inyanzelisa ukuba ilale phakathi kukaSeptemba noAprili.
Ezi zirhubuluzi zisekela ukutya kwazo kwiimpuku kwakunye neentlanzi namaqanda. Kodwa ngokulinganayo, kwaye ukuba imeko iyakuvumela, banokutya kwiintaka kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci. Zinokulinganisa phakathi kwemitha enye ukuya kwezimbini ubude.
inciniba enentamo ebomvu
Le ntaka yaseMntla Afrika yenye yeentaka ezinkulu ehlabathini. Inokufikelela kwi-2,7 yeemitha ukuphakama. Intamo yayo igqunywe ziintsiba ezipinki nezibomvu. Ngelixa iinkunzi, kuwo wonke umzimba wazo zibonisa iintsiba ezimnyama namhlophe, ezitshintsha zibe ngwevu kwimeko yeemazi.
Imilenze yayo emide kwaye eyomeleleyo iyenza ibe sesinye sezilwanyana ezikhawulezayo eSahara, njengoko inokufikelela kwisantya se-64 km / h, esibeka kwinqanaba leebhadi.
Sesinye isilwanyana esisemngciphekweni ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokunyamalala ngokuthe ngcembe kweendawo zokuhlala. Iinciniba okwangoku zikhona kuphela kumazwe amathandathu kwalishumi elinesibhozo ebezifudula ziphila kuwo.
IHyrax
Esi esinye sezilwanyana zasentlango sisilwanyana esanyisayo esitya utyani esihlala kumazantsi eSahara nakuMbindi Mpuma ngokubanzi. Kukho iintlobo ezine zezi zidalwa, ezidla ngokuhlala kwiintanda eziphakathi kwamatye, ngokwamaqela anokufikelela kwi-80 yesampuli.
Ukugxininiswa okunjalo kubangelwa ukuba i-hyrax ayinayo inkqubo eyaneleyo yokulawula ukushisa kwayo. Ngaloo ndlela baphoqeleka ukuba bahlale besondelene kakhulu ukuze baphephe ukulahlekelwa ngubushushu bomzimba.
Singalibali ukuba kwiintlango amaqondo obushushu aye ehle kakhulu ebusuku, nangaphantsi kwe-0°Celsius, nto leyo engumcelimngeni omkhulu wokuphila kwezi zidalwa kunye nezinye ezininzi.
ibhadi eliqhelekileyo
Ikwaziwa njenge dorca, ibhadi eliqhelekileyo luhlobo lwebhadi elihlala eSahara kwaye liphakathi kweentlobo zebhadi ezisengozini yokuphela. IUCN.
Namhlanje kukho imibhalo ephakathi kwama-35 40 nama-XNUMX XNUMX kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, i-gazelle eqhelekileyo ilungelelaniswe kakuhle kwiimeko zentlango, ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ikwazi ukunyamezela ubomi bayo bonke ngaphandle kokungena kwamanzi.
Ukuze zisebenze kakuhle, ezi zilwanyana zasentlango zihlala zisebenza phakathi korhatya nokusa. Ngeli xesha zifuna kwaye zitye zombini amagqabi, iziqhamo kunye neengcambu, okanye naluphi na uhlobo lohlaza olukhoyo.
iimpungutye zasentlango
Phakathi kwezi zilwanyana zikrelekrele entlango, i fenek kunye impungutye eluthuthu. Ngokumalunga neyokuqala, kufuneka kuthiwe lilona lungu lincinci le-canids. Yimpungutye yendalo evela eYiputa, eMorocco, eNigeria naseKuwait.
Inikwe iindlela ezenza kube lula kubo ukuphila kwezi mozulu zome kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinto ezinjalo zokulungelelanisa, iindlebe zabo ezinde zivelele, ezibanceda bakhuphe ubushushu emzimbeni wabo.
Itya iintaka, iimpuku kunye nezinambuzane. Kwimeko yempungutye eluthuthu, bahlala kwindawo ephakathi kweSenegal neSudan. Zinoboya obulula kakhulu, obufana nombala wesanti, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kubo ukufihla.
Ingwenkala yaseSahara
Phakathi kwamarhamncwa amakhulu enza ubomi eSahara, ingwenkala yenye yezona zibalaseleyo, ngakumbi kwindawo esembindini-ntshona apho ihlala khona.
Ngelishwa, ezi zilwanyana zasentlango nazo zidweliswe njengezisengozini yi-IUCN. Oku kungenxa yokuba namhlanje kukho kuphela phakathi kwama-250 nama-300 emizekelo yabantu abadala. Lo mzingeli woyikekayo utya inyamakazi. Iqhele ukuya kwixhoba layo ebusuku, iyodwa.
Ingwenkala yase Sahara yohlulwe kwezinye iindidi ngombala wayo. Ijika ibe mbatshileyo kunezinye, ngoko ke amachaphaza kunye nodwi abonakale kancinci.
Coyote
IiCoyotes, njengeempungutye, ngamalungu osapho lwe-canid, ngoko ke zifana kakhulu nezinja, nangona ezi zidalwa zasendle. Yenye yezona ntlobo zimangalisayo, kuba iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa phantse nazo zonke iintlobo zemozulu, ukusuka kwiindawo ezinekhephu ukuya kwimimandla eyintlango.
Kodwa iyakwazi ukuhlala kufutshane neendawo ezihlala abantu, nangona iyakwazi ukuhlala yodwa. Ngendlela yokuba amandla ayo amakhulu okuziqhelanisa aqondwe. kodwa, xa zithe zahlala entlango, zidla iimpuku noonomadudwane; Iintaka kwanezirhubuluzi. Abagqithi kwi-25 kilos ubunzima kwiminyaka yabo elishumi elinesithathu yobomi obuqhelekileyo.
entlango elephant
Esi silwanyana sikhulu sihlala kwimimandla eyintlango ekumntla-ntshona weNamibia. Yenye yeentlobo ezimbalwa zeendlovu eziqhelana nemozulu yasentlango.
Ukuze aphile, kuye kwafuneka alungelelanise umzimba wakhe kunye nemetabolism. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqaphele ngamalungu ayo, amade kwaye athambileyo kunawabanye abazala bayo. Utshintsho olubavumela ukuba bahambe ngokutyibilikayo esantini.
Kodwa ukuze bakwazi ukumelana nobunzima bentlango ngakumbi, baba bancinci kunezinye iintlobo, nto leyo ebavumela ukuba baphile ngokusekelwe kwizityalo ezinqabileyo zemimandla eyintlango.
gerbil
Ezi mpuku zintle zithandwa kakhulu, kuba zihlala ziba zizilo-qabane njengabazala bazo iihamster. Nangona kunjalo, iigerbils zinikwe ngokwasemzimbeni ngendlela yokuba zikwazi ukusinda endle ngaphandle kokungenelela komntu.
Ezi zilwanyana zincinci zivela kwiintlango zaseAfrika, eAsia naseMbindi Mpuma. Ukutya kwabo kusekelwe kwiziqhamo, iingcambu, iimbewu kunye neentyatyambo. Nangona oku kunokutshintsha kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu. Injalo imeko yokuba banokutya kwiimbungu kunye nezinambuzane, ukuba imeko ifuna. I-Gerbils ayikhuli ngaphezu kwe-17 cm ubude, ngelixa uboya babo bunokuba bubomvu, bube grey okanye bumhlophe.
Peregrine falcon
Le ntaka inkulu iyakwazi ukuphila phantse kuyo yonke into esisijikelezi-langa. Oku kungenxa yesakhono sayo sokuzingela, esisekelwe kwisantya sayo esikhulu.
Ngaloo ndlela, kufuneka wazi ukuba i-peregrine falcon ithathwa njengeyona ntaka ikhawulezayo kuzo zonke, kuba inokubhabha ngesantya esingaphezu kwe-140 km / h. Kodwa kweso santya sibulalayo kufuneka kongezwe umbono ongenakuthelekiswa nanto, othi xa kunye ubavumela ukuba bafumane ixhoba kumgama ongangeemitha ezingama-300 baze balibambe ngokulula.
Phakathi kwezi zidalwa zinelishwa eziba sisidlo sazo sangokuhlwa, ezinye iintaka ziyagqama, ngakumbi amahobe, nangona zikwaquka iimpuku namacikilishe amancinci ekutyeni kwawo.
i-emperor scorpion
Ngomnye weyona scorpions inkulu, ifikelela ubude be-21 cm kunye nobunzima be-30 g. Umbala wayo uya kuhluka ukusuka kumnyama ukuya kumdaka, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yokuhlala.
Ubuhlungu bayo abunamandla njengobonomadudwane, kodwa ukuhlaba kwayo kusebuhlungu kakhulu. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwaseNtshona Afrika, nangona kunjalo ziye zaduma njengesilwanyana sasekhaya sangaphandle.
umtyholi onameva
Esi sidalwa singaqhelekanga sihlala ngokwemvelo kwiNtlango iSandy enkulu yaseOstreliya. Imdaka kunye namalungu athile omzimba amnyama.
Noko ke, eyona nto isaziyo esi silwanyana sasentlango ziintlabathi ezininzi ezibukhali ezigqume umzimba waso, ezinokusetyenziswa ukukhusela nokugcina amanzi.
Umtyholi omdala onameva unokulinganisa ukuya kutsho kwishumi leesentimitha ubude. Ngelixa imazi inokuba ngolandelelwano lwe-cm ezingamashumi amabini. Zitya iimbovane kuphela.
Ufudo lwasentlango
Sisidalwa esinecarapace emnyama emnyama enamabala a-orenji okanye atyheli. Inzalelwane kwiNtlango yaseMojave e-US, inoboya obungqingqwa kakhulu kwaye ubude, namalungu angasemva abhityileyo, ahlala ewasebenzisa ukugrumba emhlabeni.
Banokulinganisa phakathi kwe-25 kunye ne-36 cm ubude, malunga ne-15 cm ubude. Yakhe kodwa idla ngokufikelela kuma-23 kg.
Puma
Le feline inoburhalarhume ikwabizwa ngokuba yingonyama yasezintabeni okanye ingonyama yaseMelika kuba inzalelwane yela zwekazi, apho iyinkosi engenakuphikiswa. Izilwanyana ezinomdla. Sesinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi entlango, ezikwaziyo ukuba nobunzima obuyi-120 kg kwaye zinobude obuyi-2,8 m, nto leyo ezenza zibe zizilwanyana ezizingelayo. Kufuneka kongezwe imvakalelo yakhe ebukhali yokuva ebulela kwiindlebe ezitsolo.
Zinoboya obumdaka ngebala, nangona zineenguqu ezahlukeneyo. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, le kati inkulu ayikwazi kugquma, nangona ikwazi ukwenza ezinye izandi ezinjengokugquma nokurhabula. Ungumzingeli oyedwa kwaye obulalayo.
I-antelope hare
Esi sidalwa simendu sesinye se izilwanyana zasentlango mexican nase-Arizona, eUnited States.Yimivundla emikhulu ebonwa lula ngeendlebe zayo ezinde nezitsolo. Umbala wayo unokwahluka phakathi kwengwevu, imdaka, iorenji nokuba mhlophe.
Ngokusisiseko itya i-cactus kunye namagqabi amahlamvu anqabileyo asentlango. Nangona ngokumangalisayo baye babonwa besondla emhlabeni ukuze bafumane izimbiwa.
eGuanaco
Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, kuba ukongeza kokuhlala kwimimandla yaseAndean eArgentina, ePeru naseBolivia, ukwangomnye wa Izilwanyana zasentlango zaseChile, iAtacama, eyona ndawo yomileyo ehlabathini.
Lilungu losapho lweCamelidae, ke iya kuba yinkamela yaseMzantsi Melika. Sisidalwa sasendle esichasene nomzala waso illama, eyasekhaya. Inobude obumalunga ne-1,60 m kwaye inobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-91. Okumangalisayo kukuba, sesinye sezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezimbalwa ezikwaziyo ukusela amanzi anetyuwa ngaphandle kwengxaki, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezilwanyana ezincancisayo. Izilwanyana ezinqabileyo ukusuka eMzantsi Melika.
ezinye izilwanyana zasentlango
Ukugqiba songeza abanye izilwanyana ezihlala entlango ukuba unokufuna ukwazi:
- IDromedary (Camelus dromedarius)
- Ixhalanga elimnyama laseMelika
- fat enomsila unomadudwane
- i-yellow palestinian scorpion
- iarmadillo icikilishe
- Mojave Rattlesnake
- iphimpi laseYiputa
- isigcawu senkamela
- ixhalanga eliqhelekileyo
- ihlathi lasentlango
- ingxokozelo yasentlango
- I-Sonoran Owl
- isikhova sikaFaro
- kwintlango yasentshona tarantula
- ibhungane laseNamibia
- I-tarantulas yokuzingela unomeva
- ilulwane lasemantla
- Ikhangaru ebomvu
- iguana entlango
- impuku yasentlango
- impungutye yasekapa
- Impuku yeTyuwa
Siyathemba ukuba le posi ibe luncedo kuwe ukuba uyazi zeziphi izilwanyana ezisentlango.