Kule adventure kufuneka ucacise ukuba zeziphi izilwanyana eziphaphazelayo kunye nendlela abekwe ngayo amaqela, uya kufundiswa kwakhona ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zabo ezibalaseleyo, eyona mizekelo eyaziwayo ebonisa ubuhle obumangalisayo obufana nobo bugxininiswe ngu IParrot.
Yintoni izilwanyana zasemoyeni?
Ubuhle obuqulethwe lolu didi lwezilwanyana bukhethekile kuba zinokubhabha ngaphandle kwemida. Ezinye zinamaphiko azivumela ukuba zihambe emoyeni kwaye ziqhubeke zibhabha kangangexesha elithile (ngokulawula indlela yazo, isantya, nobude).
Abanye bahamba emoyeni, kodwa benolawulo oluncinci kwinqwelomoya yabo (ngoko ke abanakuhamba imigama ebalulekileyo). Kukwakho nezilwanyana zasemoyeni ezikwaziyo ukutyibilika, nokuba azinamaphiko, kwaye zikwenza oko ngenxa yemeko yemizimba yazo.
Kugxininiswa ukuba ngaphakathi kweli qela lezilwanyana zasemoyeni kukho iindidi ezininzi ezinokubhabha, nangona kunjalo, lo msebenzi uhlengahlengiswa ngesakhiwo se-anatomical kunye nemfuno yokumelana nohlobo ngalunye.
Kunokubonwa ukuba imizekelo ethile inokubhabha imigama emide kakhulu (ukufuduka nokuhlala kude kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi ubusika bonke okanye ukukhangela ukutya). Kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, abanakukwazi ukuhamba imizuzwana embalwa ngokukodwa (ukuzikhusela kumarhamncwa abo okanye ukuleqa amaxhoba abo)
Iimpawu zezilwanyana zasemoyeni
Bachazwa ukuba izilwanyana eziphaphazelayo ngokusisiseko ngokuba ukhetho lokubhabha usebenzisa amaphiko ayo, ngokusebenzisa amandla omoya obonakalayo kuyo yonke indawo. omaphiko akhe abiyelwe ngeentsiba izilwanyana ezibhabhayo okanye zenziwe nge-satin layers ukuba ziyi-flying bugs, ezinye izidalwa zinamaphiko kwaye azikwazi ukubhabha.
Uhlobo lokuzala kwezi zilwanyana luyi-oviparous, oko kukuthi, ngamaqanda agcinwe ngaphandle (umzekelo, emhlabeni, phezu kwemithi okanye emanxwemeni amanzi). Indawo yabo yokuhlala ayingomoya kuphela, ikwahlala emhlabeni okanye emanzini. Ukuze uzuze kwiimbewu, iimveliso zeziqhamo, iintshulube kunye ne-offal, phakathi kwabanye.
uhlobo ngalunye izilwanyana eziphaphazelayo Inendlela yayo ethile yokubhabha ngokweempawu zayo zomzimba, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezi zilwanyana kufuneka zibe noluhlu lwemiba eqhelekileyo evumela ukubhabha:
Yeha
Zonke izilwanyana ezindizayo zineempiko, ezinokuthi kwiimeko ezithile ziguqulwe zivela kwi-forelimbs yomzimba, umzekelo, kwizilwanyana ezinentsiba okanye izilwanyana ezindizayo ezinjengamalulwane, apho amathambo aye ahlengahlengiswa kulo lonke uphuhliso, ukunciphisa okanye ukuphucula. Izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zenze amaphiko, oko kwaziwa ngokuba yindibano yophuhliso, oko kukuthi, kunye nobunzima obufanayo bendalo. Le yimeko yebug eyothusayo.
Ngaphantsi kobunzima
Izilwanyana ezibhabhayo zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu, ziye zanciphisa ubunzima bamathambo azo ngokwandisa i-porosity yazo, ziwenza abe khaphukhaphu. Izilwanyana ezibhabhayo ezingenamthambo zinezinto ezikhaphukhaphu exoskeleton. Ezo zilwanyana zibhabhayo zinzima ngakumbi azikwazi ukubhabha imigama ephawulekayo njengoko zingakwazi ukuhlala kuhambo lwenqwelo-moya ixesha elide.
amandla entliziyo
Yiloo nto zombini izihlunu ezisabela ekubalekeni kunye nezihlunu zentliziyo ngokwayo ziguquke kakhulu kwizilwanyana ezibhabhayo. I-Flight iphelisa ithoni yobunzima kwaye umlinganiselo ophawulekayo weoksijini kufuneka ufikelele kwizihlunu. Ukuze kwenzeke oku, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho liphezulu kwaye ihemoglobin yegazi (iprotheyini ethwala ioksijini egazini) iyajika nayo.
imilo elungelelanisiweyo
Ubume bomzimba bubalulekile ngakumbi, kangangokuba ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa okusebenza ngumzimba ngokuchasene nomoya kunceda ukuba nobuchule obungakumbi bokubhabha. Ukuba nesheyiphu encinci ye-aerodynamic akuthethi ukuba awunakho ukhetho lokubhabha, kodwa kuthetha ukubuyela ezantsi.
Eminye imizekelo yezilwanyana zasemoyeni
Yisampulu yomsebenzi ongaqhelekanga obonakaliswa kwindalo enkulu apho ubuhle obukhethekileyo bunokuthakazelelwa njengoko kunokubonwa kumfanekiso we Ukhozi oluvuzayo, qhubeka nokhenketho kwaye uyonwabele ngobuhle obunje:
Ingcungcu
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-hummingbird, yeyona ntaka incinci igqunywe ziintsiba ezintle emhlabeni, yeqela lezilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo. Amaphiko ayo anokuphakama kangangezihlandlo ezingamashumi asibhozo ngomzuzwana yaye xa inkunzi ifuna ukoyisa imazi, inokusonga amaphiko ayo kangangezihlandlo ezingama-200 ngomzuzwana. Kuphela kwezilwanyana ezidalwe ukuba zibhabhe macala onke kwaye zixhonywe emoyeni.
i-cocoatoo
Sibonwa njengesilwanyana esinamaphiko esikrelekrele, sibonwa ngoboya baso obungaqhelekanga. Ibonisa izinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-parrot, ngenxa yokumila komlomo wayo kunye nemilenze yayo, kodwa iintsiba zaso zimhlophe.
Uhlala ePuerto Rico, eIndonesia, eOstreliya naseNew Zealand. Uhlobo lwesizukulwana sabo ngumfazi omnye kwaye bahlala ngababini ngababini kwikhaya elifanayo ngaphezu kweminyaka emine. Ngokunjalo, uyalithanda ithuba lokubhabha ngokwamaqela.
Ukhozi
Ithathwa njengeyona nto ikhohlakeleyo ngamagwegwe ayo avelisayo kunye nezihlunu ezomeleleyo ezinokuthi zifumane amaxhoba obunzima obufanayo kwaye ihambe ngaphandle kwengxaki. Iyakwazi ukubhabha ukuya kuma-200 eekhilomitha ngeyure, inombulelo ngombono wayo omangalisayo, inokubona ixhoba layo kumgama oziimitha ezingama-2.000. Iimazi zinkulu kuneenkunzi, uhlobo lwazo lokukhula lune-monogamous kwaye zihlala kunye ixesha elide.
Itoucan
Le ntaka ibonwa njengohlobo olungaqhelekanga, iyaziwa ngomlomo wayo ongqindilili, omde nonemibalabala, ethi iwusebenzise ukuzikhusela kwaye ixhamle kwiimveliso zendalo zeziqhamo zetropikhi, izinambuzane, izirhubuluzi kunye namaqanda.
Ingowasekhaya ukuya kutsho kweleetropikhi eMelika kwaye ichazwa njengengasebenziyo kwaye iqhubeka ubomi bayo bonke kwindawo efanayo, okt asiyonto ngaphandle kwesilwanyana esineentsiba ezidlulayo. Ihlala ngababini njengeqela (ungumfazi omnye) kwaye kumaqela abantu abamalunga nesithandathu.
Iflamenco eziqhelekileyo
Iflamingo eqhelekileyo igqame phakathi kwezinye izilwanyana ezinamaphiko ezidlulayo ezaziwayo emhlabeni, ezizizilwanyana ezibhabha imigama ebalulekileyo. Ihamba ngokuxhomekeke ekufikeleleni kokutya kwaye inokuhamba ukusuka eNtshona Afrika ukuya kwiMeditera.Zingaqhelekanga kwaye zizodwa kwiintlobo zazo.
Yintaka eyaziwa ngemilenze yayo emide nentamo ende negobileyo. Ihlala kwiindawo ezishushu, ecaleni kwamanzi anetyuwa. Umthunzi weentsiba zayo uyahluka njengoko kubonisiwe luhlobo, nangona kunjalo i-pink ilawula.
Ixhamla kwi-algae eluhlaza, i-larvae, izinambuzane, i-scavengers, i-molluscs kunye neentlanzi ezincinci. Inobuhlobo ngokupheleleyo, yiyo loo nto inxibelelana neentlobo zayo (ingakumbi namantshontsho ayo) ngezandi zempumlo.
Incukuthu
Sinambuzane seqela le-arthropods, uhlobo lwe-invertebrate, ebizwa ngokuba yi-vaquita de San Antonio. I-carapace yakhe iphelela ekubeni ngamaphiko amabini angqingqwa, anemibala eqaqambileyo efana neorenji, ebomvu, okanye etyheli enamabala amnyama agqume kwaye akhusele amaphiko akhe asebenzayo.
Kumaxesha amaninzi ebusika, abantu abalishumi ukuya kwishumi elinesihlanu badla ngokuhlanganisana ukuze bazikhusele kwingqele. Izuza kwizityalo, izinambuzane eziziinkozo, iintwala kunye neebugs, phakathi kwezinye.
Imbovane ephaphazelayo
I-bug engaphantsi komhlaba inobubele ngokupheleleyo, i-critter yentlalontle ehlala ihlala kuthungelwano olukhulu oluphantsi komhlaba. Iimbovane eziphaphazelayo zezo zidala amaphiko kuphela ngexesha lokuzala kwazo (isenzo esibizwa ngokuba yindiza yomtshato). Ixhamla kuzo zonke-imveliso yeziqhamo zendalo, izityalo, inyama eyonakeleyo, kwaye ngokusisiseko uhlobo lwefungus olufunyanwa kumagqabi aqokelelayo.
inundu
Ikwasisinambuzane esingenamqolo esinamaxolo ancanyathiselwe emaphikweni aso, enemvelaphi yawo ngamanundu, nangona kunjalo, inemilo encinci kwaye ayibonakali kangako kunebhabhathane.
Ichazwa njengetshintsha ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, iqhubeka ngamanqanaba amane kangangexesha elimangalisayo: eleqanda, elokuqanduselwa, elo ligqumayo, elokugqibela elenundu okanye ibhabhathane. Oko, phakathi kwabantu abadala, ixhamla kwi-nectar yeentyatyambo kwaye iphila kancinane kakhulu ixesha elifutshane, kuphela isiqingatha senyanga.
Ingubo ehambayo
Isuka kwiqela le-mylobatids, eyintlanzi ye-cartilaginous eyaziwa ngokuba yi-beam okanye i-ray kwaye iyahlukaniswa ngokuba neyona ngqondo inkulu phakathi kweentlanzi kwiqela layo. Idla ngokuba nkulu ngobukhulu kwaye ihlala kulwandle olukhulu, hayi kanye emazantsi olwandle.
Ixhamla kwiikhrastasiya ezincinci, umzekelo, ikrill ehluza ngomlomo wayo omkhulu ngelixa idada. Inokufikelela kumashumi amabini anesihlanu eemitha ubude kwaye inomaleko womfinya okhusela ulusu lwayo, ilungu elinokuphulukana nalo xa lishukunyiswa ngabantu.
Uhlabamanzi orenji weskimmer
Olu hlobo lwedragonfly lubonwa njengentsholongwane ecothayo yexeshana ehamba umgama omde kwaye inokugqithisa i-18,000 km kude.
ibhabhathane yeatlasi
Lelona bhabhathane likhulu kwiplanethi, elikwazi ukulinganisa malunga ne-30 cm kunye namaphiko alo avuleke ngokupheleleyo. Ngokucacileyo, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, ukubhabha kwayo kubanzima kwaye kuyacotha kunolo lolona hlobo luncinci.
nightingale eqhelekileyo
Yintaka eyaziwa ngomculo wayo oxabisekileyo owadalelwa ukukhupha idayi ezahlukeneyo, efunyenwe kubazali bayo kwaye inikwe abantwana bayo.
Iintlobo zezilwanyana zasemoyeni
Izilwanyana zasemoyeni zinokuthathwa njengala maqela alandelayo:
Aves
Zidalwe ukwenza iibounces ezincinci kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zihamba, i-vertebrates kunye ne-skeleton elula eyenza kube lula kubo ukubhabha, ngamaphiko okanye ibhalansi kunye negazi elifudumeleyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku uninzi luyakwazi ukubhabha, ngaphandle kweepenguin ezimbalwa ezifanayo.
Imizimba yazo isongelwe ngeentsiba (ezibonakala ngokuqheleka kwizilwanyana ezinentsiba ezibonelela nge-inshurensi kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, umoya, ukubambelela kwiimeko ezimanzi kunye nelanga elikhethekileyo.
Insectos
Ezi zine-exoskeleton eyomeleza into ephilayo kwaye ngokubanzi zineecingo ze-receptor ezinomsebenzi welungu elibonakalayo eliphambili apho bafumana uqhagamshelwano, ukuvumba, ukuva kunye nengqiqo yolwalathiso. Amaphiko abo enziwe ngeefilimu ezikhanyayo. Zitya imifuno kunye nezinye iizinambuzane ezincinci.
Izilwanyana ezanyisayo
Kweli qela kukho ii-vertebrates ezinegazi elifudumeleyo ezine-appendages. Esona silwanyana sinegazi elishushu esidalelwe ukubhabha lilulwane, elikwanocwecwe oluthambileyo lwesikhumba esithambileyo phakathi kwamalungu alo, nto leyo elivumela ukuba lihambe emoyeni, umzekelo, ilulwane. I-squirrel, zinokutsiba phakathi kwemithi nonxweme de zifike kwesinye isityalo esikufuphi.
Intlanzi
Iintlanzi eziphaphazelayo ezidumileyo azinamaphiko kwaye azibhabhi, kodwa ziyadada okanye ziphaphazele okomzuzwana ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezibhityileyo kunye nezandisiweyo zobomi (njenge-torpedo elungelelanisiweyo) ezivumela ukuba ziqubhe ngesantya esiphezulu (ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingamashumi amathandathu ngeyure. ) ezithwala ngamandla awoneleyo ukuba zitsibe ziphuma emanzini zihambe emoyeni. Malunga neentlobo ezingamashumi amane zeentlanzi eziphaphazelayo ziye zafunyanwa.
Izilwanyana
Yiyo loo nto okwangoku kungekho zirhubuluzi zikulungeleyo ukubhabha, ngexesha lokubhabha IiDinosaurs zeHervivorous (ixesha le-Mesozoic), isirhubuluzi esibizwa ngokuba yi-pterosaur yayiyenye yee-vertebrates eziphambili zokuqinisekisa ukukwazi ukubhabha. Eyona fossil iphambili yepterosaur yafunyanwa ngo-1784 kwaye kuphela ukusuka ngo-1801 yabonwa njengesilwanyana sasemoyeni.
Ziziphi izilwanyana zasemoyeni okanye i-Vabavumba?
Ngoko ke, izilwanyana ezindizayo kunye ne-ethereal ziyafana, nangona kukho iimeko ezikhethekileyo apho ukubhabha kunye ne-aerial ayithethi into efanayo. Ngaphandle kolu lwazi, izidalwa ezihamba emoyeni zezo zisebenzisa uhambo njengenkqubo yesantya.
Kwizidalwa ezithile, le kuphela kwendlela yazo yokuhamba, kodwa abanye abaninzi bayisebenzisa njengekhosi yokuphumla kwimbono epheleleyo yerhamncwa.
Kuphela isibini sezilwanyana ezinobuchule bokwenene bokubhabha, nangona xa uzijonga ngokwembono yeentlobo zezilwanyana, uninzi lweentlobo zezilwanyana ezikhoyo kwiplanethi zibhabha, zihlalutya ezoyikisayo.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zibhabha ubuninzi bobomi bazo, ziphuhlisa zonke izakhono zazo ezibalulekileyo ezivakala ngokuzingqongileyo: ukutya, ukuchonga imeko yazo kunye nee-congeners, okanye ukuphinda. Kubo, ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngundoqo ebomini.
Izidalwa ezahlukeneyo ziyakwazi ukubhabha xa zifikelela ebudaleni. Ezinye iindidi zezilwanyana zilungele ukubhabha imigama ebalulekileyo, njengezidalwa ezidlulayo, ezinye zifuna kuphela ukubhabha imigama emifutshane kakhulu.
Siza Kubane iimpawu zezilwanyana zasemoyeni yahluke kakhulu kodwa iyathelekisa, kuba injongo eqinisekileyo ilingana: ukubhabha.
Izixhobo
Ukubhabha yenye yeendlela ekufuneka izilwanyana zihambe ngayo, nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izilwanyana ezikwaziyo. Ukubhabha kubalulekile ukuba neempawu zomzimba ezivumela ukubhabha.
Ngaba izilwanyana ezibhabhayo zizilwanyana zasemoyeni?
Le yimeko ekhethekileyo ekubhekiselwe kuyo kwicandelo langaphambili, apho ukubhabha kunye ne-eriyali akuthethi into enye, izilwanyana ezidadayo zithathwa njengezilwanyana zasemoyeni, kodwa hayi izilwanyana ezibhabhayo.
Oku kunjalo ngenxa yokuba azikwazi ukubhabha, nangona kunjalo zihamba emoyeni. Zizilwanyana ezinomzimba omncinci, okhanyayo kunye nefilimu encinci yesikhumba edibanisa amanqaku akude. Ngale ndlela, xa zigxuma, zolula imilenze yazo zize zisebenzise le filimu ukutyibilika. Kweli qela kukho izirhubuluzi nezilwanyana ezanyisayo.
Eminye imizekelo yezilwanyana zasemoyeni
Njengoko sele ukhankanyile uninzi lwezi ntaka zibhabhayo zizilwanyana zasemoyeni. Imodeli ecacileyo kakhulu ngaba bakhawulezayo. Ukuba emva kokushiya ikhaya, ngokuphawulekayo bachitha ubomi babo bonke emoyeni bebhabha. Zondla ngokuvula iimpumlo zazo kwaye zileqe iingcongconi, zileqa iingcongconi njengoko zibhabha, zinokuphinda zibe nomoya.
Izikhwenene zikwazizilwanyana zasemoyeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zincomeka kangakanani na ukukhwela intaba. Iipsittacines ezininzi ziyafuduka kwaye ngenxa yoku kufuneka zibe nesakhono esikhulu sokubhabha.
Ilulwane eline-hammerhead, olona hlobo likhulu lwelulwane lwase-Afrika, olufana nayo nayiphi na enye i-chiropteran, sisilwanyana sasemoyeni. Ebusuku, uchitha iiyure zasemini ephumle kwaye uyazuza kwiimveliso zendalo zeziqhamo.
Ibhabhathane imonarch yimeko yokwenyani yesilwanyana esiphaphazelayo esinendawo yaso kunye noluntu lwezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, njengoko kumjikelo wabo wobomi zenza mhlawumbi olona fuduko lude emhlabeni.
