Kanye njengokuba ingonyama ingukumkani wehlathi, uKhozi Olugolide luyikumkanikazi yasemoyeni. Inebhabhalaza elihle kakhulu, lelona rhamncwa likhulu kuzo zonke imimoya, ukongeza ekubeni yeyona ntaka inamandla kwaye inkulu edla inyama enokubakho, singasathethi ke ngokuba luphawu oluphambili lweMelika yaseMexico. Ngezantsi unokufumana ulwazi oluninzi kwaye wandise ulwazi lwakho malunga neempawu zeGolden Eagle.
Ukhozi Lwegolide
Ezi nkozi zinkulu zezosapho lweentaka ezidla inyama, ezibizwa ngokuba yiAccipitridae, olu ludidi olukhulu nolubanzi lweentaka, ezithi kwiimeko ezininzi zingazalani. Ukulandela imvelaphi yolu khozi lwegolide, kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60 zamaxhalanga ngokubanzi, ezisasazwa e-Asia, eYurophu nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseAfrika, ngaphandle kwale mimandla unokufumana ubuncinane iintlobo ezili-14 zamaxhalanga, ezimbini zazo zilungile. eyaziwa kakuhle eUnited States naseKhanada, ezinye iintlobo ezisithoba lula ukufunyanwa kuMbindi nakuMzantsi Merika, singasathethi ke ukuba eziseleyo ezintathu eOstreliya.
Ngokuphathelele i-taxonomy yesi silwanyana sikhulu, kufunyenwe ukuba igama lesayensi ye-Golden Eagle ngu-Aquila Chrysaetos, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Caudal Eagle. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le yinxalenye yosapho lweAccipitridae, uhlobo oluhlala kumantla ehemisphere yeplanethi. Abantu abaninzi badla ngokuyibiza ngokuba yi-Royal Eagle yaseMexico, ngenxa yokubonakala kwayo njengophawu oluphambili lweflegi yaseMexico.
Izixhobo
Ukuchonga ukhozi lwegolide, kufuneka ube nolwazi lwangaphambili lweempawu zalo ezimbini eziphambili, ezi zibukhulu bayo obukhulu kunye nombala oyingqayizivele weentsiba zawo. Olu phawu lufana nolwentsiba luntsundu kakhulu, lunentsiba ezahlukeneyo ezikhaphukhaphu kakhulu kwaye, entanyeni nasentloko, zinentsiba ezifikelela kumbala ogolide.
Umbala weentsiba zayo uqondwa ngobuhle bayo obukhulu, ngakumbi xa ukukhanya kuyibetha ngokuthe ngqo kwaye iithowuni eziqaqambileyo ziyabonakala, ezinomtsalane kakhulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iGolden Eagle ikwabizwa ngokuba yiGolden Eagle. Singakwazi kwakhona ukufumana iintsiba ezimhlophe phantsi komzimba wayo kunye nemilenze yayo, ukongezelela i-subspecies yolu khozi ibonwe ngemilenze emhlophe ngokupheleleyo.
I-Anatomy
I-Golden Eagle ine-anatomy enkulu evumela ukuba ibe yenye yezona ntaka zinamandla emhlabeni kwaye, izazinzulu, zibe sisilwanyana esigqibeleleyo, kuba i-Golden Eagle isetyenziselwa ukunceda amafama kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo. izifundo zenzululwazi.
U bunzima
Sinokuqalisa ukuchaza umzobo wale ntaka inkulu siqala kubunzima bayo. I-Aquila Chrysaetos inobunzima obuphakathi komyinge ngokuqwalasela isini sayo. Kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba kule ntlobo, njengakwabanye, kuya kubonwa ukuba iinkunzi zihlala zincinci kunamabhinqa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "dimorphism" ngokwesini sesilwanyana.
Iinkunzi ziqhele ukubanobunzima obuphakathi kwe-4 – 4.5 kg, ukuba nje zikwindawo ezihlala kuyo okanye kwi-ecosystem ebekucingelwa yona ngaphambili. Iimazi zidla ngokufikelela kwi-6 kg, xa sele zikhulile, kwaye ukuba zikwimeko ezichanekileyo zokukhula kwazo. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwimizekelo, umahluko phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini kuphela phakathi kwe-2 - 3 kg.
Amaphiko
Ngokumalunga nobukhulu beGolden Eagle, kubalulekile ukuba uqale uthathele ingqalelo ukuba xa uthetha ngale nto, ubungakanani bentaka buphelele kufuneka buthathelwe ingqalelo, ukusuka entloko ukuya ekupheleni kweentsiba zayo, kunye nokwandiswa kwayo phakathi kweentaka nganye. amaphiko. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zolu didi, i-Golden Eagle inobukhulu obukhulu. Ziyakwazi ukulinganisa ukuya kwimitha ubude, nto leyo ixhomekeke kwaye ixhomekeke kwisini sentaka.
Ukuze ube nenani elichanekileyo lobukhulu beGolden Eagle, kufuneka uvule zombini amaphiko, apha sinokufumana imilinganiselo enokuthi idlule iimitha ezimbini, kwaye ide ifike kwiimitha ezimbini ezinesiqingatha. Oku kothusa nabani na othe wazibona zibhabha ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo xa zivula amaphiko azo.
iintsiba kunye nokubhabha
Iintsiba zolu khozi zinokwahluka kuxhomekeka kwisini esikuwo, ekubeni kokubini kwinkunzi nakwimazi sinokulubona uphawu lombala omdaka kakhulu; Phezu kwako nje oku, ukuba uqwalasela ngenyameko, iimazi phakathi kwemilenze naphantsi kwamaphiko zidla ngokuba neentsiba ezingwevu, ngoxa iinkunzi zityekele ekubeni neentsiba ezimhlophe ngakumbi, umbala obonakala nakwi nape nakwiincam zamaphiko.
Njengoko kubonisiwe, uKhozi oluGolide lubhabha ngendlela eethe-ethe, nangona lunokubizwa ngokuba lubhabha olunencasa. Isantya sabo esiphakathi siphakathi kwama-45 ukuya kuma-55 eekhilomitha ngeyure. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ezi zinokufikelela ngokumangalisayo iikhilomitha ezingama-240 xa zizingela, esi santya sichukumisayo sinikwa yi-aerodynamic physiognomy enayo.
Amaphiko oKhozi oluGolide enza udibaniso olufanelekileyo kunye namaphiko amakhulu anawo le ntaka, oku kuvumela ukuba ibe nokulinganisela kunye nokucwangcisa okugqibeleleyo. Kanye ngelo xesha le ntaka iqalisa ukubhabha, ifikelela kwimvisiswano enye phakathi kokuphaphatheka nokunyuka kwayo, nto leyo eyenza ibe nobungangamsha.
umlomo kunye neenzipho
Enye yeengongoma ezahlula kakhulu iGolden Eagle ngumlomo walo othile, lo unombala omnyama ngokupheleleyo, oqala ukujika ube mhlophe kwaye uphele ngotyheli kakhulu. Ekubeni iyintaka edla inyama, inomlomo otsolo kunye negophe elijonge ezantsi. Umlomo walo wenzelwe ukuzingela nokuqhawula naliphi na ixhoba, okukhona ukhozi lukhula, igophe lalo livakala ngakumbi, linokwenzakala nesifuba salo.
Xa ujonga iinzipho zalo, unokuyibona indlela ezibukhali ngayo, nto leyo evumela ukhozi ukuba libambe ixhoba lalo ngokulula nangokuchaneka ngakumbi, lubeka kuzo owona monakalo unokubakho ngephanyazo lokuqala. Ezi nzipho zinokuba namandla kunye namandla angaphezu kweshumi ukomelela kwesandla somntu oyindoda. Ukukwazi ukuzigqala njengesixhobo esibulalayo.
Ukutya
Xa uhlalutya ukutya kwe-Golden Eagle, kunokuchazwa ngokucacileyo ukuba abanalo njani ukutya okusisigxina, okubonisa ukuba nasiphi na isilwanyana sinokuba phakathi kwamaxhoba abo, kuba ezi zizilwanyana ezidliwayo, enyanisweni, ngokweerekhodi ezahlukeneyo kukho ngaphezu kwama-200. iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo neentaka ebezikuluhlu lwayo lokutya, nto leyo eyenza ibe sesona silwanyana siyingozi kuyo yonke indalo.
Njengamanye amaxhalanga amaninzi, iGolden Eagle iyakwazi ukutya imivundla, nomatse, iimpuku kunye neentlanzi ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yamandla amakhulu okuzingela, i-Golden Eagle inokuzingela ukusuka kumatakane ukuya kwiimpungutye ezincinci. Yintaka eyoyikayo, ukuba ilambile ayizukulahlekelwa lithuba lokuzingela nezinye iintaka xa ibhabha.
Ukuzingela
Indlela oluzingela ngayo olu khozi inika umdla kakhulu xa ihlalutywa, iqala inkqubo yayo ngokubhabha okuphantsi kunye nokucotha kancinci, isondela kumathambeka entaba ukuze iphinde iqwalasele indawo, enokuthi ifikelele kwi-100 km². Ndiyabulela kumbono wayo omkhulu, iyakwazi ukubona ixhoba layo kumgama oziikhilomitha ezininzi, emva kokuba ilichongile, lenza ukuwa simahla ngesantya esichukumisayo, esiphela kuhlaselo olusebenzayo nolumangalisayo.
Lusebenzisa iinzipho zalo ezibukhali ukhozi luqinisekisa ukuba ixhoba lalo aliphuncuki xa lidibana nalo kuqala. Inzipho zolu khozi zinokuba namandla eekhilogram ezingama-200 kwi-intshi nganye yoxinzelelo, zinokufikelela kuma-340 eekhilogram, nto leyo emangalisayo. Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ixhoba libaleke, ukhozi luya kulilandela lisebenzisa iinzipho zalo ukulisika likwasebenzise nomlomo walo obukhali de lanele ukulisa kwindlwane yalo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubunzima obuqikelelwayo bexhoba le-Golden Eagle bunokuba phakathi kwesiqingatha sekhilogram kunye neekhilogram ezine, ukhozi lunokuhamba kunye nexhoba elinobunzima obukhulu kunelo. Xa lizingela izilwanyana ezikhulu ngakumbi njengee<em>morrocoyes okanye iibhokhwe, ukhozi luyaziphakamisa lize liziwise kwindawo ephakamileyo, nto leyo ebulala ngoko nangoko kwaye isindise umzamo wokuziqwenga. Xa ixhoba linzima kakhulu, ukhozi lutya oko lunako kumhlaba wokuzingela ngaphambi kokuba luye kwindlwane yalo.
Ngokucacileyo, xa ixhoba lincinci, bayalibulala kwaye bayise kwindlwane ngokulula kakhulu, nokuba ziintsuku ezininzi. Ngokwezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezimalunga nezi nkozi zinkulu, kuye kwenzeka ukuba kubhalwe amaxesha apho ezi nkozi zizingela kunye, nto leyo engakholelekiyo emehlweni omntu, kwaye kunokujongwa nendlela ezileqa ngayo ixhoba lazo de ekugqibeleni lidinwe. ngelo xesha bahlaselayo.
Okusingqongileyo kunye noKwabiwa
I-Golden Eagle yintaka, ekubeni ibonakale kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, iphuhlise ikhono elingaqhelekanga lokuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nemozulu eyahlukileyo. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukuzifumana kufutshane nelizwekazi ngalinye kula mahlanu namhlanje. Ngokuqhelekileyo, bavame ukufunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezivulekileyo okanye ezivulekileyo, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, iya kuhlala iyindawo apho baya kukwazi ukubona ixhoba labo kakuhle, bakwazi ukubhabha ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye babe nobuhle. Isicwangciso sezulu nomhlaba, ngakumbi xa sifuna ukutya
Njengomphumo wokugqibela, ukhozi luya kukhetha iindawo ezinokwahluka okukhulu kwezilwanyana ezanyisayo, konke oku ukwenzela ukuba zenze ukutya okunokulinganisela kunye nokwanelisa umnqweno walo omkhulu wokutya. Ngokusekwe kummandla wehlabathi apho bahlala khona, ii-subspecies ezintandathu zihlelwa ngoku:
- UHomeyeri: Kuyo yonke iPeninsula yase-Iberia kunye noMntla Afrika
- I-Chrysaetos: Ifumaneka kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseAsia
- IDaphanea: Ihlala kuMbindi Asia
- IJaponica: Ifunyenwe eKorea naseJapan
- Kamtschatica: Ihlala eSiberia
- I-Canadensis: Yeyona ntlobo kulo lonke elaseMntla Melika
Ngokumalunga nenkqubo yohlengahlengiso lweGolden Eagle, zikholisa ukuhlala kufutshane neendawo zeentaba, ikakhulu zihlala ziindawo eziphakamileyo, ngaphezulu kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zemithi, nto leyo ebathintela ekubeni babe nombono olungileyo wexhoba labo kunye nokuba abantu bangakwazi. bafikelele kubo.
Olu hlobo olukhulu lokhozi, ekuhambeni kwexesha, luye lwasasazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseAsia, lide likwazi ukufikelela eAfrika, kwindawo esemantla yelizwekazi. Kodwa ngaphandle koku, kuse-United States apho iye yanda kakhulu, ngenxa yokuxinana okukhulu kwendlwane kunye nokuzala kweentlobo.
I-Golden Eagle ayidli ngokuba yintaka elula kakhulu ukuyibona rhoqo, kodwa njengoko iyinxalenye yeenkqubo zokufuduka, abanye abantu bathanda ukuba njalo. Oku ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na ngexesha lokuzala kunye nokuzalela; Ngenxa yemozulu engaphantsi kwe-0 °C kwiindawo ezifana neRashiya okanye iAlaska, la maxhalanga athanda ukufudukela kwiindawo ezisemazantsi, ukugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo, kodwa esona sizathu siphambili kukutya okuninzi kwiindawo ezisemazantsi. Noko ke, iinkozi ebezihlala kule mimandla azidli ngokufuduka.
Ukuziphatha
Olu didi lokhozi lukholisa ukuba lodwa, luhlala kuphela ngababini okanye amaqela amancinane kakhulu. Kwimeko yokugqibela, idla ngokubangelwa kukutya okuninzi, okanye amaqondo obushushu abandayo, nto leyo ebanyanzela ukuba bahlale phakathi kwabo. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba ezi ntaka aziqhelekanga ukuba nonxibelelwano lwezwi, kuphela kwinqanaba lokuzala; izifundo ezahlukeneyo ziye zakwazi ukubamba iminxeba ezahlukeneyo zamaxhalanga ukunxibelelana nabantwana babo.
Ngokubhekiselele ekuzikhuseleni okanye xa bephawula ummandla wabo, kuye kwaboniswa ukuba ezi nkozi azikhuphi nasiphi na isandi, zenza kuphela uhlobo olubalaseleyo lokubhabha, oluhlelwa njengoluguquguqukayo, xa lusenza oku kubhabha kuyenza icace gca into yokuba. lo ngummandla wabo.
Ukuthandana komtshato
Nangona le ntaka izimele yodwa, enye yeempawu zayo eziphambili zentlalo kukuba umfazi omnye wonganyelwe, kuba bathanda ukuhlala neqabane elinye iminyaka emininzi. Kulula kakhulu ukwazi ukuba ezi nkozi zikhwelana nini na, kuba xa ixesha lokuzala liqala ukuthandana kuqalisa ngoko nangoko, iinkunzi zihlala zenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenqwelomoya ezikhethekileyo, ngamaza, ukujika okugqibeleleyo kunye nokuleqa okufanisiweyo.
Ngaphandle kokubonisa izakhono zabo zokubhabha, baphinda baqaqambise iinzipho zabo kwaye benze izinto ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa izakhono zabo, phakathi kwabo unokubona indlela abalibamba ngayo ilitye kwaye baliwise ukuze balibambe ngaphambi kokuba libethe phantsi. Ezi nkozi zenza umboniso omangalisayo, konke oko ukuze zichukumise iimazi nokuze zizale.
Sakuba siphelile esi sigaba sokuthandana, izibini zilungiselela ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yokwakha indlwane yazo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, bahlala bekhetha iindawo eziphakamileyo kakhulu ngokubonakala okukhulu, njengamatye. Iindlwane zamaxhalanga egolide zakhiwe ngokusondelelene nobukhulu bazo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zinkulu kakhulu, ukongezelela kwinto yokuba zakhiwe ngenjongo yokuzisebenzisa iminyaka emininzi.
Ukuzaliseka kwesi ndlwana, kwimeko yolu hlobo lokhozi, ngenxa yomlomo walo oluphawulwayo, azikwazi ukwaluka iindlwane; into abayenzayo, ukubeka amasebe ngendlela egqibeleleyo kunye nocwangco ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukwakhiwa kwendlwane, emva koko babeka imifuno ehlukeneyo ukuyibumba kwaye benze ukuba bamkeleke ngakumbi.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona
Uhlobo lokuzala oluboniswa yiGolden Eagle yi-oviparous, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zizala ngokubeka amaqanda, nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokuzala kunye nexesha lokufukamela liyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwindawo apho zifunyenwe khona. Iimazi zinokubeka ukuya kutsho kumaqanda amane, nangona umyinge uthande ukuba ngamaqanda amabini, abekwe ngezithuba ezimalunga neentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Yonke le nkqubo yokufukamela iqala ekubekeni kweqanda lokuqala, ize iphele kwisithuba esimalunga neentsuku ezingama-40 ukuya kwezingama-45.
Amantshontsho amancinane olu khozi azalwa eneentsiba ezimhlophe ezithambileyo, kwaye ngokuthe rhoqo awokuqala ukuqandusela aba makhulu kunalawo aqandusela mva. Emva kokuba ezelwe, kwiiveki ezilishumi ezizayo la mantshontsho aya kube ondliwe ngomlomo wabazali bawo, abatshintshana ngokukhangela ukutya nokunyamekela awabo amantshontsho.
Emva kweveki yeshumi, abatsha baqala ukufunda ukubhabha kwaye kamva, bakuba beneempawu ze-Golden Eagle, baya kuqala ukuzimela ukuze baqalise ukufunda kwabo malunga nokuzingela. Inqanaba lokuzala kolu khozi luqala emva kweminyaka emine okanye esixhenxe, emva kokuba iintsiba zazo sele zifikelele kwinqanaba labantu abadala kwaye ukukhula kwazo kuhambele phambili kakhulu.
Umbuso kunye noLondolozo lweentlobo
Kangangeminyaka emininzi iGolden Eagle ibingummi ozingisayo kuMntla Merika, kuMntla Yurophu naseAsia, phezu kwako nje oku, ezi nkozi ziye zafudukela kwimimandla esemazantsi ngakumbi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo kukho into yokuba ezi zisetyenziselwa iifalconry, kwaye zikwangamaxhoba okuzingela ngokungakhethi, ngenxa yokuthanda kakhulu umlomo, iinzipho kunye neentsiba zale ntaka inkulu.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho imimandla eyahlukeneyo apho bafuna ukwazisa ezi ntlobo, njengaseIreland okanye kumazwe aseNordic anjengeDenmark neSweden. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba eUnited States, le ntaka ayijamelananga nezisongelo zinkulu kuba ikhuselwa ngumthetho welo lizwe.
Iinkqubo
Ukuba nendima yokuba yintaka edla inyama, ayinazo iintshaba ezininzi kwindalo, nangona kunjalo, i-Grizzly bear kunye ne-wolverine yiyona kuphela eye yakwazi ukuyinika umlo omkhulu ngezihlandlo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakungahoywa into yokuba abantu ngokwabo basona sisongelo esikhulu kwi-Golden Eagle, ngenxa yomnqweno oqhubekayo wokubazingela kwaye bahlasele indawo yabo yokuhlala ukuze babambe amaqanda abo.
Eyona nto igqibayo ekulondolozweni kolu hlobo kuko konke ukufuduswa kwezi ntaka, ngenxa yohlaselo lwendawo ezihlala kuzo ngenxa yokwandiswa kocwangciso lwedolophu yezixeko ezithile, enye yezinto ebangele oku kukuba. amaxhalanga abulawa ngumbane ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zombane ezifumaneka kwindawo ahlala kuyo.
Nangona i-Golden Eagle ikhuselwe phantsi kwemithetho yase-United States ne-Mexico, umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe udalwe ukuba ubeka ityala okanye ukusabalalisa olu khozi, nangayiphi na iminyaka kwaye ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekileyo yokudlulisa. Ngokuvunywayo, esi sityalo asikho sengozini yokuphela ngenxa yomthamo wawo ophezulu wokuziqhelanisa nemozulu okanye ummandla wehlabathi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlaselo lwendawo yokuhlala luqhubeka lukhula, kukho umngcipheko wokuchaphazela ngokungenakulungiseka olu didi.
Uqhagamshelwano neNkcubeko yoLuntu
I-Golden Eagle yintaka esele ikhona ukususela ekuqaleni koluntu njengoko sisazi, ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukutyhubela imbali iye yaba nentsingiselo enkulu kwimpucuko eyahlukeneyo, kunye nezigaba ezahlukeneyo zembali, mhlawumbi iqala imbali yayo njengophawu oluvela kwimbali. Kwinkulungwane yokuqala emva kukaKristu.
Isimboli
Kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, i-Golden Eagle yayiluphawu olucacileyo lobugorha kunye nembeko, konke oku ngokubhekiselele kwi-dexterity yayo enkulu, ubukhulu, amandla kunye nobuqili eyakha ngayo iindlwane zayo. Ngamaxesha oBukhosi baseRoma, phakathi kwenkulungwane yokuqala neyesine emva kukaKristu, uKhozi Lwasebukhosini lwaba ngumqondiso onenzondelelo onxulumene nonqulo, ezobupolitika nomkhosi, ekubeni le ntaka yaba luphawu oluphambili loBukhosi, yaye Ngokuhamba kwayo yonke iminyaka. , kwakhona yaba ngumfuziselo wobukhosi obahlukeneyo, ngonaphakade ibe yeyona bhanile iphambili kubo bonke.
Kwezopolitiko
Kuyo yonke imbali, i-Golden Eagle ibe sisilwanyana sesizwe kunye nesimboli samazwe ahlukeneyo emhlabeni jikelele, sinemizekelo ecacileyo yaseAlbania, e-Austria, eJamani, eKazakhstan kwaye apho mhlawumbi idume kakhulu, iMexico. Ukongezelela kuwo onke la mazwe, le ntaka ingumfuziselo wamazwe amaninzi, angazange ayibize ngokuba sisilwanyana selizwe.
Sinayo ngokucacileyo imeko yaseMexico, apho kuxoxwa ngembali yale ntaka enkulu, iGolden Eagle, apho ekugqibeleni kwagqitywa ukuba kwakhiwe iSixeko saseMexico, apho i-Golden Eagle yayiza kufunyanwa khona, imi phezu kwe-cactus. phezu kwenyoka. Unako kwakhona ukubona amazwe Arab, apho isithethe sokuzukisa Ukhozi Golden njengophawu lwamandla, ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into imibongo, konke oku ngenxa yokufunda edumileyo Saladin. Kumele kuphawulwe ukuba, eMexico, nangona isisilwanyana selizwe, le ntaka inye isengozini yokuphela.
Inkolo
Kwinkolo yamaKatolika, uKhozi lwasebukhosini luphawu, olumele oyena mpostile umncinci, uSaint John, kwanangelo xesha yayinguPopu Alexander VI owagunyazisa ookumkani bamaKatolika baseSpain ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu ukuba babeke uKhozi lukaYohane oNgcwele. ingubo yobukhosi.
Xa kuhlolwa amaqela eentlanga ahlukeneyo, kujongwa indlela abaluhlonela ngayo uKhozi Olugolide. Kwinkalo yonqulo zibonwa njengezilwanyana ezingcwele, ekubeni iintsiba ezintle kunye neempawu zezi ntaka ziyimbonakaliso enkulu yale ntaka ngaphakathi kweentloko kunye nendlela yokunxiba aba bantu bomthonyama. Ayenokugqalwa angcwele kangangokuba ayenokuthelekiswa neBhayibhile, okanye kwanomnqamlezo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhankanya ukufaneleka okukhulu kwale ntaka ngaphakathi kwenkcubeko yama-Aztec, ekubeni imele ubulumko, umbono kunye nesibindi apho amalungu amaninzi ale nkcubeko azichaza ngayo ngezenzo zabo ezinkulu, izenzo okanye iingcamango.
Amatywina
Ukhozi Olubugolide nobungangamsha luyintaka yesibhozo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwisijikelezi-langa ukumela izitampu ezahlukeneyo zokuposa. Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba eUnited States kubalulekile kwaye kufanekisela ukuba nesitampu esinobuso bale ntaka, isitampu esithathwa njengento yokuqokelela.
Ifalconry
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iinkozi bezisoloko zithathwa njengeentaka ezikhulu kwaye ezinamandla kakhulu, ngaphambili kumaXesha Aphakathi zazisetyenziselwa ukuzingela nokugcina ukutya kwe-falconer, kodwa okokuqala bekuyimfuneko ukubamba intaka, xa sele kwenziwe le nkqubo. yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo okanye ulawulo, ukuze ezi ntaka zifunde ukwenza zonke ezi zinto kunye nemisebenzi.
I-Falconry yinxalenye yesiko elidala kakhulu, elisusela kwiminyaka eyi-2.000 eyadlulayo, kumazwe aseAsia anjengeKyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan okanye iMongolia, indlela eyahlukileyo emhlabeni ngelo xesha. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali abahlukeneyo, iilali ezincinci kakhulu zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubuchule be-falconer enkulu okanye njengoko kubizwa njalo kulo mmandla, iBerkutchi, kunye nentaka yakhe enkulu kunye nebulalayo. Lo tishala ebenoxanduva lokunikezela ngenyama nezikhumba kwilali yonke ingakumbi xa kufika ubusika, xa ukutya kunqabile.
I-Falconry kunye nabo bonke ubugcisa bokuzingela kunye neentaka ezidliwayo, luqheliselo olubuyela emva kwiminyaka emininzi, kwaye kwiminyaka edlulileyo luye lwaphuhliswa ikakhulu kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, ukuqala ngokuyinhloko ukusuka kuMbindi Yurophu. eKorea.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba eKazakhstan petroglyphs (imizobo efakwe ematyeni) ifunyenwe inamanani ee-falconers ezisukela ubuncinci kwinkulungwane yokuqala yexesha lethu, kunye namabali amangalisayo anxulumene nemibongo yaseTurkey kunye neMongolia evela. ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX iye yaqhubeka iqokelela yonke le misebenzi isekho nanamhlanje.
Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zale nxalenye ye-Asiya, kukho amaqela ahlukeneyo ezizwe zamaKyrgyz namaKazakh asasazwa kuwo wonke amazwe abo okuzalwa, kwaye ngaloo ndlela nakwimimandla yaseMongolia, eHong Kong naseTshayina, ebalaseleyo ngoqeqesho nakwimimandla emikhulu. ulawulo lwaba khozi zegolide ukubanceda ukuba baphile. Lonke olu qeqesho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefalconry kolu hlobo lukhulu kunye nobungangamsha luphawu olulodwa lwale ndawo, kwaye alwenzeki ngolu hlobo naphi na emhlabeni.
Ukhozi ngaphakathi kumjikelo wobomi
Ngokuphathelele yonke into enxulumene nomjikelo wobomi bezi ntaka, kunokubonwa indlela amaxhalanga, kuquka uKhozi Olugolide, ami ngayo ekuqaleni kwekhonkco lokutya, ekubeni kula maxhalanga, nasiphi na isilwanyana sinokuba lidama elinokubakho. Kulapho ukubaluleka okukhulu koKhozi oluGolide kulele khona, kunceda ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo malunga nokuzala kweentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana, ezinjengeempuku, iimpuku kunye nemivundla, ezona mpawu ziphambili kukuba zidla ngokuzala ngendlela engalawulekiyo.
Ngokutsho kwezifundo ezahlukeneyo malunga namaxhalanga egolide, ezi zithathwa njengeentaka, kodwa zigqibelele, ngokwemigaqo ye-ecology ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi "ecological barometers", yonke into ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo, oko kunceda izazinzulu ukuba ziqonde kwaye ziqonde impilo yazo nayiphi na indawo yokuhlala. . Kwanezi ntaka zinkulu zinokuba buthathaka kangangokuba ziyakwazi ukubona nakuphi na ukuhlasela kwemichiza okanye ungcoliseko, zinike isilumkiso kwangethuba saso nasiphi na isisongelo esisenokuba semoyeni.
Xa uhlalutya ummandla wezolimo, uxabiso olukhulu abanalo aba balimi bezi ntaka zinkulu buyabonakala, olu xabiso luvela kwinto yokuba kukho izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ekutyeni koKhozi oluGolide, olunokuba yingozi kwaye lube yingozi kubo. zonke izityalo zokutya ezinkulu zoluntu. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, amafama akwimimandla ekufuphi neendlwana ze-golden eagle anikwa imiyalelo eyahlukileyo ukuze afunde indlela yokusebenzisana ngokuyingenelo nemiqondiso yale ntaka ibalulekileyo.
Ukuba umlimi othile ufezekisa le mvisiswano enkulu kunye nemvisiswano kunye neGolden Eagle, inokumzisela iingenelo ezimangalisayo, ezifana nesibakala sokungasebenzisi naluphi na uhlobo lwesibulali-zinambuzane kwakhona esinokonakalisa indawo elungileyo yesivuno, sithathe indawo yesi sitshabalalisi esifanayo. ubuqili bale ntaka, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ulawule ukugcina isivuno esigqibeleleyo, ngaphandle kweekhemikhali, ukusebenzisa indlela ezenzekelayo kunye nendalo.
Inyaniso enomdla
Ngaphakathi kolwazi olunokufumaneka malunga neGolden Eagle ezukileyo, kukho ulwazi malunga nokuphila ixesha elide olunokuthi luphile olu khozi, kuyaziwa ukuba olu khozi lunokuphila ukuya kwiminyaka engama-70 ubudala, kodwa ukuze kwenzeke oku, kuyimfuneko. ukuba intaka yenze inkqubo yohlaziyo kwiminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Njengoko iGolden Eagles isiba nde umlomo wabo ukhula, kufika indawo apho uba mde ngokugqithisileyo, kangangokuba unokugoba ngendlela yokuba lo mlomo ulimaza isifuba sokhozi, ukongezelela koku, kunye nabasele bekhulile ngeminyaka. , iinzipho zabo ziba nde ngokumangalisayo, nto leyo ezenza zibe nzima kakhulu kwaye azisangcungcuthekiswa kwaye zingasebenzi kakuhle ekubambiseni ixhoba.
Emva koko, iintsiba zithande ukuba nzima kwaye zibenzima, nto leyo eyenza ukhozi luphulukane ne-aerodynamics, ukuphapha kwalo ekubhabha kuchaphazeleke kakhulu kwaye licotha kakhulu xa lizingela. Ngokwemithombo eyahlukeneyo yolwazi, iGolden Eagle inesigqibo phakathi kokuzihlaziya okanye ukufa, ukuze konke oku kwenziwe, ukhozi kufuneka luye kwindawo efihlakeleyo ngokupheleleyo ukuze luqhube le nkqubo ende yohlaziyo, inkqubo enokuthi ide iphele. ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-150.
Le yinkqubo enzima kwiinkozi, ngenxa yexesha elibandakanya oku, kwaye ngenxa yokuba kufuneka zibuyele entabeni, emele ibe kude kakhulu kwaye iphakame kakhulu, apho ukuzingela kuququzelelwe, kuba apho baya kufumana. iinyoka, amacikilishe kunye namacikilishe eziya kukuvumela ukutya okulungileyo ngexesha olichitha ezintabeni.
Ngomlomo walo omkhulu nobukhali, ukhozi lunqumla iinzipho zalo ezinde, de zibe mfutshane kakhulu, emva koko liza kususa iintsiba ezixineneyo ezichatshazelwa kukuphila ixesha elide, nto leyo esusa ububhanxa balo, ligqibe ukukhupha iintsiba zalo de ube mbalwa. kunokwenzeka.
Ngalo lonke ixesha inzipho neentsiba zalo zikhula, iGolden Eagle ijongene kuphela nokuzibonelela ngokutya kwaye emva koko ibethe umlomo wayo kumatye entaba, izibethe de umlomo wayo uwe ngokupheleleyo, emva kokuba oku kwenzekile. , ukhozi lulinda ixesha elifunekayo ukuze umlomo walo omtsha ukhule ulingana okanye ube mhle ngakumbi yaye unobungangamsha kunowangaphambili. Nje ukuba igqityiwe, yinkqubo ende kwaye inzima, iGolden Eagle iqala ukubhabha kwaye iqala uhambo lwayo lokubuyela ekhaya, ineminyaka engamashumi amathathu eyongezelelweyo yobomi obuhle phambi kwamehlo ayo.
Phezu kwayo yonke le nto, ngelishwa abukho ubungqina besayensi bokuba le yinkqubo eneneni ezi zinkozi ziyenzayo, kodwa, kuhle, yinto enkulu kwaye emangalisayo enomdla wokwazi, inyani ebhenca le ntaka inkulu yexhoba, ubukhulu obukhulu, amandla kunye nobukhulu obukhulu. amandla, njengomzekelo ocacileyo wayo yonke inkcubeko yabantu.
Inokukhankanywa ngokulula njengenye into enomdla yokuba kwakukho i-subspecies yeGolden Eagle, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-Aquila chrysaetos simurgh. Le okwangoku i-subspecies ephela ngokupheleleyo, eyayinobukhulu obukhulu, le nxalenye yahlala kwihlabathi kwi-Pleistocene kunye ne-Holocene yokuqala eqala kwisiqithi saseKrete.
I-Simurgh lelinye lamagama amaninzi anikwa i-Ruc, intaka yasentsomini enkulu kangangokuba, ngokweentsomi kunye namabali athetha ngayo, le ntaka yasentsomini iyakwazi ukuthatha indlovu iyise kwindlwane yayo. ngokupheleleyo. Konke oku ngenxa yokuba kwisiqithi esinye kwaye ngelo xesha kwakukho i-subspecies eyaziwayo encinci yendlovu, eyayiyindlovu encinci, kunokwenzeka ukuba xa kuboniswa le ntaka yokuzingela inzala yale ndlovu. okanye Abafana beproboscide kumaxesha amandulo baye bavelisa le ntsomi yamandulo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho, kwaye ngaphezu kwakho konke, funda ngakumbi malunga neentaka kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo emhlabeni jikelele, unganqikazi ukufunda la manqaku: