Mayan mythology ndeimwe yevakapfuma kwazvo mukati meMexico tsika. Mariri panoonekwa zita rinonakidza rinofanira kuongororwa, yum kaax samwari wechibage, muchengeti mukuru wezvinomera uye muchengeti wemhuka. Munoziva zvose pamusoro pake.
Yum Kaax samwari weMayan
Kana vanhu vakada kuchengeta minda yavo yechibage, vaipihwa mvumo yekukumbira Yum Kaax kuti adzivirirwe. Mwari uyu ndiye ane mhosva yekudzinga njodzi dzese dzakavandira zvinomera kana zvikara zvinoda kudya mamwe marudzi.
Vasati vakumbira kuchengetedzwa kwezvirimwa zvavo, varume vakapa mutero kuna Yum Kaax nemimwe michero yayo kuti vaite rite pamutemo. Vanhu veMayan vanoziva kuti aigara muYucatan Peninsula, ari mwanakomana waItzamná, mwari wemasimba makuru uye weIxchel, akaziviswa samwarikadzi wekubereka uye rudo.
Akanga ari mutsigiri wepamusoro wenharaunda dzekutanga dzechivanhu dzaigara kuNorth America. Iri sangano rakapfuudzira kuzvizvarwa zvakatevera noruremekedzo rukuru nokuda kwechimiro chake. Idzi budiriro dzakaona Yum Kaax semupi wemhuka dzemhuka. Nechikonzero ichocho, vakarumbidza rombo rakanaka rokuvhima. Vari pakati pekuita basa vakaimba nziyo dzekurerutsa basa.
Chiitiko chinoshamisa chinogadzira Yum Kaax ndiko kudzoka kwezvombo zvekuvhima ipapo, kureva, kana murume atadza kubata mhuka kuburikidza nemuseve, chinhu chakataurwa chichadzokera kumupfuri kuedza kutsva. Vamwari vechiGiriki vanewo zvakawanda zvokutaura, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi zvinonzwisisika kuziva hukuru hukuru hwe mwari apollo.
Chitarisiko
Anoonekwa samwari ane mutsa anotsigira zvinokudzwa zvevanhu. Inomiririra kuwanda mukuwedzera kwayo, kuberekwa uye hupenyu. Kufanana navamwari vakawanda vane mutsa, iye akakomberedzwa navadzivisi vasingatsigiri nhamburiko dzake dzokutsigira nzanga dzinoshayiwa.
Mukumiririra kwake kuzhinji kwemunhu, ane silhouette yemurume ane chimiro chakajairwa ane ngowani yakagara mumusoro make. Ichi chinhu chine chimiro chinonongedza chibage, chine mavara akanyanya muyero nebhuruu. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, anoratidzwa saIshe weSango, ane mudziyo une hura nhatu dzezviyo. Panyama ndimwari akanaka, nekuda kwebvudzi rakawanda uye chimiro chechiso chakakwana, semumwe mwari wedzinza rake, akaberekwa nerudo uye kubereka.
Nyaya inotaura kuti Yum Kaax mutsigiri mukuru werudo pakati pemurume nemukadzi, nekuti mavambo emunhu anoreva mhodzi yechibage. Nekudaro, humwari uhwu hwakanga huri pasi pezvimwe zvimiro zvakasviba senge nzara, rufu uye mhepo ine simba inoparadza zvese munzira yayo.
Pfungwa iri pamusoro inoita pfungwa yakawanda mukutsamira kwake pane vamwe vamwari. Zvaaiva mwari wechidiki, aida kutsigirwa nezvimwe zviremera zvine nhoroondo yezvakaitika kare kuti azive maitirwo ekuita vanhu. Akabatsirwa naChaac, mwari wemvura, nokuti akabvumira madonhwe emvura kudiridza minda yose yezviyo kusvikira goho rakanaka kwazvo. Kuwedzera pane izvi, yakadzinga zvipembenene zvose zvairwarisa zvirimwa uye masora aikura achiipoteredza.
Kuvhiringika namwari wechibage
Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vasvika pakugumisa kuti Yum Kaax haasi mwari wezviyo, kana kuti, haana kubatanidzwa zvakananga mukupararira kwechikafu ichi. Zvisinei, sezvo ichichengetedza zvinomera, inotsigira kukohwewa kwechibage nemimwewo muriwo. Ngano dzeMayan dzinoratidza kuti mwari uyu anokwanisa kubatsira vavhimi uye kuve nechokwadi chekugara zvakanaka kwezvirimwa zvesango.
Saizvozvo, vaMaya vanoremekedza mwari uyu nekuve mupi wechibage sechikafu chekutanga mutsika dzavo dzese. Zviri nyore kuti varume vachengete mwari uyu achifara, nokuti nekuita tsika mukukudzwa kwake, kuvhima uye kuunganidza mabasa zvichange zvisinganyanyi kuoma kupfuura nguva dzose. Mune imwe kurongeka kwemazano, unoziva zvese zvine chekuita nazvo vamwari veNorse?
Kune maMayans zvakakosha kwazvo kuchengetedza kutaurirana nevamwari vavo, kuti varambe vachifara kuburikidza nezviito zvavo uye pamusoro pezvose, kwete kuvagumbura. Kana mwari akanzwa kuti adzingwa nemugari waanodzivirira, anokwanisa kuvarwisa kunze kwekunge vanamata nechibayiro. Zvisinei, vachiziva kuti munhu aigona kubva muchibage, vakarega kubaira kwavanhu, sezvo kwakanga kuri kuzvidza mavambo omunhu.
Sezvo achikwanisa kutarisira zvinomera zvomusango zvakanaka kwazvo, anorangarirwa saIshe weSango, nokuda kwokuchengetedza marudzi ose ari mumasango. Nerubatsiro rwedzimwe nziyo, vavhimi vaiita basa guru rokuunganidza mhuka kuti vadye.
Hukama naChaak
Hukama pakati pevamwari hwakabvumira Yum Kaax kuve netsitsi kutsigira zvakanaka zvinokonzeresa vanhu. Achirangarirwa samwari wemvura, akabvumira mufaro wemiti yose yomusango iyo Kaax yaitarisira. Mumiririri wake ari pedyo neharahwa muchimiro chemhuka inokambaira, yakafanana zvikuru nefrog. Mhino yake yakati rebei, iine mhino yakarerekera kudivi repamusoro pechiso chake.
Mune rimwe remaoko ake akabata demo, rinokonzera kutinhira nemheni mudenga. Kana mumataundi eMayan kwakamira kunaya kwenguva yakareba, nemimwe miitiro vaikumbira Chaac naYum Kaax nezveramangwana rezvirimwa zvavo.
Mayan mythology inobata kuti ndiye mumwe wevamwari vekutanga vezvisikwa zvake. Haisi iyo huru, asi inokanganisa magumo evarume kune zvakanaka. Nekubatsirwa nedemo rake, anokwanisa kumwaya minda yese yechibage nemvura yekurima kwake. Mukuwedzera, inotungamira kune makadhiini mapepa nekuda kwemavara mana ayo anopfeka: dema, chena, yero uye tsvuku.
Rudzi dema kana dema Chaac inomiririra kuchamhembe, ine mufananidzo wegungu dema. White inoreva kuchamhembe, ine mufananidzo wenjiva chena. Gondo reyero chifananidzo cheChaac chinotarisa kumaodzanyemba; pakupedzisira, tsvuku nerubatsiro rwepheasant inoratidza nzvimbo yekumabvazuva.
Yakabatana nehurongwa hwe cosmos nechadenga. Nemvura yake akakwanisa kuponesa marudzi mazhinji panzara kana kushaya mvura yekunwa. Vatendi vake vanoratidza kuti aigara mumapako kana cenotes nekuvapo kwemvura kuti ave munzvimbo maererano nesimba rake. Kunaya kwemvura muYucatan Peninsula yekare uchapupu hwenhoroondo yehutungamiri hwake samwari.