Howa chikafu chakakosha mugastronomy, asi sekuziva kwedu vazhinji, hausi howa hwese hwakakodzera kudyiwa. Kudyiwa kwehowa hune chepfu kunogona kukonzera chepfu yakakomba, kunyange kusvika padanho rakanyanyisa serufu. Handei nezvikamu, Pakutanga, tichasiyanisa mushroom kubva kune fungus uye gare gare tichakuzivisa iwe kuti ndeapi marudzi ane chepfu yehowa.
Zvakakosha kuziva nzira yekuziva kuti ndeupi rudzi rwehowa hune chepfu huripo, kuti tidzivise, sezvatataura, kuchetura. Zvakakosha kuti usadye howa husati hwaonekwa kana kuti kwakabva. Kana paine chepfu inobvira, zvakakosha kuti uende kuchipatara.
Kana mwaka wehowa unotanga munyika yedu, zvakajairika kuona mapoka evanofarira mycology mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine matanda achiunganidza zvese fungi uye howa. For ita muunganidzwa wakachengeteka uye une ruremekedzo nemasikirwo, nhevedzano yemirau inofanirwa kutevedzwa kuti nharaunda yega yega inofanirwa kutara. Zvatichaonawo muchinyorwa chino.
Musiyano pakati peHowa neFungus
Howa (fungus) chisikwa chipenyu chinoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri.. La Yokutanga yeiyi ndiyo mycelium., iyo iri pasi pevhu, isingadyiwi. Iyi mycelium inoumbwa nenhamba huru yetushinda tudiki tunonzi hyphae. The chikamu chechipiri ndechekuti, chii chinozivikanwa sehowa, ndirwo rutivi rwokunze, ndirwo ratinoona tose ndokudya.
La howa, ine basa rekuita semudziyo wekubereka wefungus uye ndicho chikamu chega chehowa chinogona kudyiwa. Kureva kuti, kana mune menyu yebhawa kana resitorendi tinoona "Scrambled mushrooms", hazvina kunaka sezvo zvichifanira kunyorwa "Scrambled mushrooms".
Saka kuti the chikamu che mycelium chinokura, chinoda mamiriro ekupisa uye hunyoro kuti chibatsire kukuraIyi nzira inozivikanwa sevegetative growth. Kana howa huchionekwa, imhaka yekuti kwave kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma mukupisa. Iyo mycelium, nekudonha kwekushisa uku, inotanga nzira yekukura kwekubereka. Huzhinji hwehowa hwakaumbwa hunoburitsa spores kuitira kugadzira mycelium itsva.
Mamiriro ekukohwa howa
Sezvataratidza pakutanga kwebhuku rino, kukohwa howa kunoshanda pasi pemamiriro chaiwo ekudzivirira kwete chete nzvimbo dzine matanda, asiwo zvakatipoteredza uye mamwe marudzi. Zvadaro, tinotsanangura aya mamiriro kuitira kuti iwe ugozvifunga.
Kukohwa kunofanira kuitwa pasina kukanganisa sango kana gomo. zvakakwana zvakakwana inorambidzwa kushandisa maturusi ekukwenya ivhu kana kukuvadza chikamu che mycelium yefungus. Uye zvakare, howa hwemamwe marudzi husingazounganidzwe hahufanirwe kushatiswa, nekuti hune basa remasango uye mune zvimwe zviitiko zvesainzi.
Kana kukohwa kuchibatanidza kudzura zvachose howa, Nzvimbo inocheneswa inofanirwa kusiiwa iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akanakisa.. Gomba rakagadzirwa rinofanira kuzadzwa nevhu rakatorwa mukuita kuburitsa howa.
Paunoda kuunganidza howa, usakanganwe kuuya netswanda kana chinhu chinobatsira howa kuti hufemese. Kushandiswa kwemabhegi epurasitiki, machira kana chero imwe mudziyo unodzivirira dikita uye kudonha kwespores hazvibvumirwe.
zvinorambidzwa zvese kuunganidzwa kwemazai akavharwa emamwe marudzi ehowa, pamwe ne kutenga nekutengesa howa mumakomo kana mumigwagwa yemusango. Pamusoro pekusiya marara nekubatidza moto.
Pakutanha howa. Iwe unofanirwa kutakura mvumo inoenderana. Avo vari pasi pemakore gumi nemana ekuberekwa havasungirwe kuve nemvumo iyi. Asi kana vachida kuita basa iri, vanofanira kuperekedzwa nomunhu mukuru anaro. Mvumo iyi ndeyemunhu uye haichinjike.
Izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezvisungo zvinotevedzwa nenharaunda dzese kuti kuchekwa kwehowa kuitwe nemazvo.
mhando dzehowa dzine chepfu
Muchikamu chino uchawana a nyora nehumwe howa hunonyanya kuchetura zvenyika. Rangarira kuti usadye howa hwausingazive uye uzvizivise pachako nezvemhando nemhedzisiro.
Fly swatter – Amanita Muscaria
Classic red mushroom, yakafukidzwa nediki chena makwapa ayo isu tese takaona mumafirimu kana nyaya dzevana. Howa uhu hune chinhu chinokwanisa kuuraya nhunzi, ndosaka zita. Muvanhu, inokwanisa kukonzera kusagadzikana kwekudya.
Boletus Satani
Iine anenge masendimita makumi matatu muhupamhi, mavara akareruka uye nyama yakakora uye toni chena, Boletus Satani. inogona kusadya zvakanyanya, asi kwete inouraya Ungatiudza sei zita rako?
Olive Mushroom – Omphalotus olearius
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushamisa zvemhando iyi yehowa ndeyekuti murima inoburitsa luminescence mumatoni ebluish. Howa rudzi urwu Iyo ine veiny zvakanyanya uye inowanzovhiringika neimwe mhando seOrange Chanterelle.
Ropa Rusula – Russula sanguinea
Kupesana nezita rawo, takatarisana nerudzi rwehowa hune chepfu asi husiri hunouraya. Zvavo migumisiro inowanzokanganisa hurongwa hwekudya uye vanoperekedzwa na kurwadziwa kwakanyanya munzvimbo yemudumbu.
Boneti – Gyromitra Esculenta
Humwe howa hwaunza dambudziko rekuti hunokodzera kudyiwa here kana kuti kwete, sezvo pane dzimwe nguva vamwe vanhu vasinganetseke nahwo, vamwe vachidhakwa. Iyo chepfu mhedzisiro yehowa iyi haina kurongeka, uye inogona kuuraya.
Green cappuccino - Amanita phalloides
Inogona kuuraya kana chepfu ikasaitwa nenguva.. Howa uhu hunozivikanwa nekupedza hupenyu hwaMambo Claudius naPope Clement VII. Mhosva dzehupfu kubva mukudyiwa kwehowa uhu dzinowanzoitika, nekuti hunogona kuvhiringika neimwe mhando senge Agaricus arvensis.
White Cappuccino - Amanita Verna
Mienzaniso yechidiki haina kunhuwa, asi nekufamba kwenguva vanopa imwe kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi. The Migumisiro inouraya yemhando iyi yehowa yakafanana neyakasvibirira cape cap inoonekwa pamusoro.
Coiled Paxillus - Paxillus Involutus
Kwenguva yakareba, rudzi rwehowa uhwu hwave huchinzi hunodyiwa, asi iye zvino zvinhu zvachinja. Howa uhu hunokwanisa kusvika kukonzera chepfu yakakomba kana isina kubikwa kwenguva yakakwana. Kune vakawanda vanokurudzira kuunganidzwa kwehowa iyi.
Bleached Clitocybe – Clitocybe Dealbata
Chikamu cheheti yehowa iyi haisviki 5 centimita muhupamhi. Kwake high muscarine content, tiri kutaura nezvemhando yehowa ine chepfu.
Clitocybe Phyllophila
Nyama chena uye ine tambo, iyo vazhinji vanoti inonhuwa sehupfu hwakanyorova. Clitocybe Phyllophila ine muchetura wakanyanya.
Tricholoma Pardinum
Nehukuru hunogona kusvika masendimita makumi maviri muhupamhi, uye nehuwandu hwenyama isina kusimba yegrey, tiri kutaura nezvazvo. howa mukati meboka rine chepfu, rinobereka gastroenteritis yakasimba.
Gomo Cortinarius - Cortinarius orellanus
Mune ino kesi, hongu tiri kutaura nezvemhando yehowa hunouraya. Zviratidzo zvekudhakwa zvinogona kutora pakati pemavhiki matatu kana mana kuti zvioneke, panguva iyo chepfu inorwisa itsvo zvishoma nezvishoma, ichidziuraya. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mhando yehowa iyi ishoma kuona.
Monguis – Psilocybe semilanceata
Imwe yei zvinonyanya kukosha mhedzisiro yekudyiwa kwemhando iyi yehupfu howa, ndiyo hallucinogenic mhedzisiro izvo zvinogadzira Izvi zvinoitika nekuti howa uhu hune psilocyna uye psilocybin, zvinhu zviviri zvinokanganisa iyo yepakati tsinga system.
Howa Hunonyengera – Entoloma Sinuatum
Kunge chine chepfu chena howa, iyo pane dzimwe nguva inogona kuvhiringidzika ne lepsia nebularis, iyo munyaya iyi inodyiwa zvachose mushroom.
Venhema Galipierno – Amanita Pantherina
Nehukuru huri pakati pe6 kusvika 10 centimita uye nenyama chena inopa kunhuhwirira kweradish, rudzi urwu zvinoonekwa zvine ngozi zvikuru sezvo zvichikonzera chepfu yakakombakunyange kusvika parufu.
Entoroma Nidorosum
Chimwe chezvinonyanya kufarirwa zvemhando iyi yehowa kunhuhwirira kwayo kwakasimba kwe nitrous. Howa hune muchetura uhu hunoburitsa gastroenteritis pasina kuva nengozi seyapfuura.
Inouraya Lepiota - Lepiota brunneoincarnata
Zviri nyore kwazvo kuvhiringidza nemamwe marudzi ehowa hunodyiwa, asi iyi inogona kuuraya. Rimwe remazano anopihwa nenyanzvi mukunhonga howa nderekuti hapana mhando ye lepiota idiki pane 8 cm mudhayamita inopedzwa.
Anonhuwa Amanita – Amanita Virosa
Nehunyoro, inova viscous uye nemamiriro okunze akaoma inotora chimiro che satin. Hunhu hwehowa uhwu hunoburitsa hwema husingafadzi saka zita rahwo. The Kunwa howa uhu kunogona kukonzera rufu nekuda kwekunyanya kutyisa kwahwo.
Inoculated Inocybe – Inocybe Patouillardii
Pale, dense, nyama uye silky. Sezvimwe mune zvimwe zviitiko, ine chepfu nekuda kwekukwira kwayo muscaria. Pane dzimwe nguva, chave chiri chisakiso chezvidhakwa zvamasimba masimba, zvichiparira kunyange rufu.
Clavaria – Ramaria Formosa
Muchetura asi hauurayi. Chiratidzo chikuru nekuda kwehuturu nehowa iyi, ndezvimwe manyoka akanyanya anotora mazuva maviri kusvikira zvasara zvabviswa zvachose.
Iwe unotoziva nekuda kwechinyorwa ichi, howa hune chepfu huripo. Kana iwe uri wekutanga mukuunganidza howa, kutakura gwara diki richakubatsira kuti usaite zvikanganiso uye kudzivirira hunogona kuita chepfu. Yeuka, kuti pane chero kusava nechokwadi kuduku kunogona kubuda pamusoro pemhando ipi zvayo yehowa, zviri nani kuti urege kuibata uye kuisiya panzvimbo yayo.