Vanhu veko ava vakatanga humambo hwakawedzera pesvedzero yetsika muMesoamerica, pano unogona kudzidza nezve Nzvimbo yePurépechas panguva yehumambo hwake hukuru uye huri zvizvarwa zvake nhasi.
Nzvimbo yePurépechas
VaPurépecha vagari veko vari kugara mudunhu reMexico reMichoacán, zvisinei mamwe mapoka akaenda kumatunhu akavakidzana akadai seColima, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Guerrero, State of Mexico, vakachinjawo pekugara kuMexico City uye dzimwe nyika dzakaita seUnited States.
Nzvimbo yePurépechas inosanganisira nzvimbo iri pedyo ne6000 square kilometers uye iri kuchamhembe kwepakati penyika yeMichoacán, ichigadzira chikamu chekubatana kwakasiyana uko vakachengeta tsika dzavo uye kunyanya mutauro wavo. Nzvimbo yePurépechas iri pakati pe1600 ne2600 metres pamusoro pegungwa uye inozivikanwa seP'urhépecha kana Purépecha, zvinoreva "nzvimbo inogara P'urhé".
Nhoroondo yePurepechas
Dunhu rePurépecha rakaumbwa nekutorwa kwehumambo hweTarascan kutenderera zana regumi nerimwe renguva yedu. Dzidziso inobvira zvikuru ndeyokuti madzitateguru avo akanga ari vaChichimeca vakasvika vachibva kuchamhembe, avo vakanga vari vavhimi nevarwi, vakabatana nenhamba yakanga yatogara kumahombekombe egungwa, vagari ava vaiva nemutauro wakafanana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune humwe hukama netsika dzeSouth America nekuda kweruzivo rwavo rwesimbi, machira avo, kuvapo kwevamwari vechikadzi uye mutauro wavo.
Pakati pezana remakore rechigumi neshanu neregumi nematanhatu, humambo hwePurépecha hwaive nekukosha kukuru uye simba raipikisa kumanikidza kwakasimba kwehumambo hweMexica. Nzvimbo yePurépechas panguva yekuvapo kwehumambo hwavo yaigara kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yeGuanajuato, dunhu rakakura renzvimbo yazvino yeMichoacán, kuchamhembe kwenyika yeGuerrero inosvika kumaodzanyemba kweMexico.
Purépechas yakaumba humambo hune simba hwakawedzera simba rahwo munzvimbo yose yeMesoamerican uye kuitira kuchengetedza simba iroro yakave nekurwisana kukuru neAztec neMexica. VaSpain pavakasvika, ishe weMichoacan, Tangaxoan II, mambo wePurepechas, haana kuramba uye akasaina chibvumirano chorugare kuti achengetedze upenyu hwevanhu vake, zvisinei Gavhuna Nuño de Guzmán akapamba guta racho ndokuparadza temberi kuti avabvise. simbi dzavo dzinokosha.
Asina kugutsikana neizvi, akapomera Mambo Tangaxoan II mhosva yekuuraya vanhu vekuSpain, nekuchengetedza muchivande chitendero chechitendero chake uye nekusimudzira mhirizhonga, achibva arayira kuti aurawe. Nekuda kweizvi, vazhinji vePurépecha vakatizira kumakomo uye kurwisana kunotyisa kwakamuka.
Korona yeSpain yakagadza Don Vasco de Quiroga semuenzi, akatanga hurongwa hwekoloni hwakazobatsira mukupona kwetsika yePurépecha. MaPurépechas akagadzwa mu "mataundi eIndia", mavaive nerusununguko rwekusarudza zviremera zvavo, ava ndivo vaitungamira kutonga kwenyika, mvura nemasango.
MaPurépechas nemavambo awo
Kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemutauro wePurepechas zvakaonekwa kuti hazvina hukama nemimwe mitauro inotaurwa munyika kana mune mamwe matunhu eMesoamerica uye kana iwo akafanana nemitauro yeAndean. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti vamwe vanyori varambe vachiti kwakabva Purépechas kunobva kuSouth America. Zvimwe zvikonzero zvekusimbisa kwakadaro masara eceramic, makomba ekuvigwa uye zvivakwa zvakapararira kubva kuSouth America kondinendi kusvika pakati peMexico.
Vanotiwo kune zvakawanda zvakafanana zvechitendero netsika pakati petsika dzePurepecha nedzevamwe vanhu vekumaodzanyemba. Kufanana kwemutauro wePurépecha nemutauro weWari, unova musanganiswa wemitauro yakasiyana inotaurwa pamhenderekedzo yePeru. Ruzivo rwake rwekushandiswa kwearsenical bronze yaingoshandiswa netsika dzePeru. Kuvepo kwechibage chepepuru chinobva mudunhu iroro reSouth America.
Kwatakabva zita
Izwi rokuti purépecha rinoreva "vanhuwo zvavo". Kushandiswa kwaro kwakapararira kwakabatana nekutsakatika kweboka guru revanhu veko veTarascan, izvo zvakaita kuti maitiro e "purepechization" atange (Castillejas naCervera, 2005). Muzvinyorwa zvekoloni izwi rokuti Purépecha harina kushandiswa kusvika pakupera kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe. Nechikonzero ichi, vamwe vanoramba kuti chakanyanya kufanira kushandisa izwi rekuti Tarascan kune vanhu vakawanikwa nevaSpanish pavanosvika.
Mumataundi akawanda, vanhu vakura vanozviona sevaTarascan uye mutauro wavo unozivikanwa saizvozvo. Kushandiswa kwakajairwa kwePurépecha kunobva makore anopfuura makumi maviri apfuura sehumbowo hunopesana nekare kwehudzvanyiriri, koloni uye kubiridzira uye kwete pachena semugari wemudunhu.
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