Iyo Criadillas de Tierra ifungus yakakosha inonziwo pasi mbatatisi, desert truffles kana turmas. Kunyangwe kuve chikafu chinonaka munyika dzeAfrica, ndiko kubuda kweSpain. Muchikamu chino tinokuratidza maitiro ayo, nzira dzekuiwana nayo, nzira yekukohwa uye kushandiswa kwayo mu gastronomy. Ramba uchiverenga uye udzidze zvakawanda nezve iyi inonaka fungus uye usapotsa zvayo zvinoda kuziva.
Nyika Criadilla
Imhando yefungus yeumambo Fungi kana ascomycetes, inozivikanwa zvakare nemazita epasi turmas, renje truffles kana pasi mbatatisi. Izvi zvinoratidzika semi-zvakavigwa muvhu rejecha. Iyo yakanyanya kuwanda yecriadillas ndiyo Terfezia arenaria, iyo inosanganiswa nechirimwa chine ruva reyero, kunyangwe isingaitiki mune zvese zviitiko. Inoshanda sechikafu chemhuka dzakasiyana siyana setsuro, tsuro nehwai. Ichi fungus chave chichidyiwa kubva kare nevagari vekumahombekombe eMediterranean. Parizvino, criadilla iri kuita chirimwa chinounza pundutso huru mune zveupfumi.
Mutero
Iyo truffle yemugwenga ndeyeumambo hwefungi, ascomycota division, yepezizomycotina subphylum yekirasi yepezizomycetes yepezizales order, terfeziaceae mhuri, yeTerfezia, Tirmania neMattirolomyces genera.
Zviratidzo
The earthworm is an underground fungus, iyo yakafanana nembatatisi kubva pa 3 kusvika ku 10 centimita muhupamhi ine chimiro chisina kujairika. Iyo peridium kana yekunze layer inoita yero kana ichiri diki, kana yakura inoshanduka kuita tsvuku uye pakupedzisira kuita brown. Iyo gleba ipingi yakareruka, ine kunhuhwirira kwefungal kwakapfava uye kuravira kunotapira. Inokura masendimita mashoma kubva pasi pevhu, izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kuwana. Howa uhu, hune tuber shape ine nyama ine nyama, hunobatanidza miti yakadai sejarilla, inova shrub isingaperi, kuburikidza nemidzi yadzo iyo yakabatanidzwa ne filaments uye nenzira iyi inogamuchira mvura nemamineral salts.
Macroscopic Hunhu
Iyo criadilla ine humwe hunhu hunogona kuoneka neziso rakashama, muviri wayo wechibereko unoratidzwa muchimiro chetruffle ine maumbirwo asina kujairika anogona kusvika masendimita masere muhupamhi, iyo, ine hypogeal kukura, inowanzova ruvara rwepasi. Kana iri peridium kana yekudzivirira layer, yakanyanya kunaka zvekuti inogona kubviswa nemunwe. Kana iri nyaya yekusabatwa zvakanaka kana kurohwa vanoita kunge vatema. Iyo gleba kana ivhu rakarimwa rakabatana kana kupindira, iro rinoita grey muzvikamu zvisina kuorera uye dema muzvikamu zvinobereka zvakanyanya. Nyama yefungus iyi yakabatana uye yakasimba, kunhuhwirira kwayo hakuna kusimba uye kunakidza kunakidza.
Nzvimbo
Iri pasi criadilla fungus rinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzerenje, dzakaoma uye dzakaoma semi-mugwenga dzakadai seKalahari muSouth Africa, munzvimbo yeMediterranean, nyika dzakadai seIraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Hungary negwenga reSahara kuNorth Africa. Inogonawo kuwanikwa kuEuropean kondinendi mudunhu reBalkan neSpain, kunyanya muAndalusia, Murcia neExtremadura, uko kurimwa kwega kwega kunoitika, uye muAsia kondinendi, kunyanya kuChina.
Iyo Earth Criadillas inowanikwa sei
Iwo anowanikwa zvakanyanya muvhu rejecha, munzvimbo dzehuswa hweherbaceous, dzinozivikanwa zviri nani seturmera uswa, hunoitika gore negore nemaruva madiki, akareba uye subspatulate. Kutsvaga kunofanira kuitwa mushure mekunaya kwemvura, chinhu chikuru ndechekucherechedza kuti chirimwa chine maruva machena chiri kupi. Kana yangowanikwa, zvinodikanwa kunyatso tarisa ivhu kuti uone kana paine kuputika kana mirwi midiki yepasi nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kunoitwa nefungus kana yasvika pakukura. Inocherwa kumativi kuitira kuti irege kukuvadza.
Mafomu ekuunganidza
Ivhu criadillas inokura munguva yechirimo munzvimbo dzepeninsular, pasi pevhu masendimita maviri kana matatu kudzika, goho ravo rakanaka rinoenderana nekunaya kwemvura uye hunyoro hunowanikwa munharaunda. Kuzviwana kunonetsa nekuti dzinowanzo sanganisa muvhu, asi kana dzave muchikamu chekupedzisira chekukura kwadzo dzinowanzoratidza chikamu chadzo, izvo zvinoburitsa kakutsemuka kana bundu pamusoro. Kuti ukwanise kuzviunganidza, zvinodikanwa kuti uve nechibhakera chinokubvumira kuti uite rudzi rwechitsiko kuti ukwanise kuibvisa mumamiriro akanaka.
Mwedzi yekuunganidza kukuru iri pakati paKurume naKubvumbi uye muhuwandu hushoma muna Kukadzi uye kushoma kwazvo muna Chivabvu, izvi zvese zvichange zvichitemwa nenguva dzekunaya kwemvura, ndiko kuti, apo nguva dzinotanga kutanga. Vane ruzivo nezviri kuitika vanoti kana mvura ikanaya paKisimusi inove goho rakanaka, nekuti vanokura nekukora.
Gastronomic kushandiswa
Iyo pasi criadillas kana desert truffles iri kuve yakakosha zuva rega rega mukuita gastronomic. Icho chiri pakati peboka rezvokudya asi kwete kurunga. Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwe antioxidants, huwandu hweprotein, fiber, huwandu hwehuwandu hwe polyunsaturated fatty acids yakadai seOmega 3 uye 6. Zvose izvi zvinoita kuti chikafu ichi chive chakakwana uye chinovaka muviri. Inoonekwa sekunakidzwa kwegastronomic uye nekuchinja kwekufarira kukuru kwehupfumi. Kushandiswa kwayo kunofanirwa kunge kuri pakati nepakati sezvo ichikwanisa kusagadzika kunyangwe iine zvinhu zvinobatsira zvehutano.
Inoshandiswa kutsiva mbatatisi mune stew uye sechikamu chekushongedza mune dzakasiyana ndiro. Inoshandiswawo mumatortillas kana chero imwe ndiro ine mazai, inogona kubikwa mumafuta negariki, mugazpachos, croquettes, salads uye salted bacon pakati pezvimwe zvakawanda. Iyo criadilla iri nyore uye inokurumidza kubika, iyo yekubikira kwayo yakakwana yakafanana neyeye mbatatisi uye inonaka inofananidzwa neyehowa.
Kuchengetedza kweCriadilla de Tierra
Iyo howa inofanira kupepetwa uye kugezwa kusvikira yachena sezvinobvira nekuinyudza kwemaminitsi mashanu mumvura iri kufashaira, yozoiswa mugaba regirazi nemvura uye yakavharwa pasi pevacuum kana kushandiswa kwayo kuchange kuri kwenguva refu, asi ichave Munguva pfupi, inofanira kungosvetwa, kushambidzwa uye kuomeswa zvakanaka kwazvo kuti ive vacuum yakarongedzwa pasina mvura. Nenzira iyi, vagari vemo vanotenda kuti pasi criadilla haifaniri kuchengetwa kunze kwekugara kwayo kwemazuva anopfuura 5, sezvo inogona kuuraya fungus. Ivo zvakare havatenderi kuachengeta mufiriji sezvo ichichinja zvakanyanya kunaka kwavo, kwavari chakanakira kuvapedza pakati pemaawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana nemasere mushure mekubviswa.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Unoziva here kuti the earthen criadilla ine antibacterial properties ndosaka ichishandiswa nemaBedouin kurapa zvirwere zvakaita setrachoma, ziso rinobata maziso ose nekuda kwebhakitiriya rinonzi Chlamydia trachomatis rinogona kukonzera upofu. Iyo turma panguva yehondo yevagari yaive chikafu chepamusoro uye yakabatsira kudzikisira nzara yevagari uye kubva ipapo chave chikamu chekudya kwavo kwezuva nezuva. Parizvino, kuunganidzwa kwecriadillas kwave nzira yekuita microtourism kumaruwa mukutsvaga chikafu ichi.
Sezvineiwo, kukohwa kukuru kwefungus iyi kunoitika mukati meSvondo Dzvene uye neZuva raSaint Joseph. Wanga uchiziva here kuti gourmet dish yevafarao muEgypt yaive pasi criadillas. MuCairo vakapihwa patafura yeFatimid Caliph muna 909 BC.
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