Kune tsika dzakawanda dzakasiyana uko kwaiva netsika yokunamata vamwari vakasiyana-siyana. Mumwe nemumwe wavo akapihwa masimba akasarudzika uye rimwe raimiririra akati wandei ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, senge imba, hondo, kurima, nezvimwe. Zviri pachena kuti mamwe aikosha kupfuura mamwe. Mune tsika yeEgypt yekare, Mumwe wevamwari vanozivikanwa zvikuru akanga ari mwari weEgipita wouchenjeri, anozivikanwa saThoth.
Munyaya ino tichatsanangura kuti iye ndiani, ndezvipi hukama hwemhuri nevamwe vamwari veEgipita uye Inowanzomiririrwa sei? Kana iwe uchida tsika dzeEgypt uye nyaya nezvevamwari vayo vakasiyana, ndinokurudzira kuti urambe uchiverenga.
Ndiani akanga ari mwari wouchenjeri muEgipita?
Kunyange chiri chokwadi kuti Thoth haagamuchire zita remwari weEjipita wehuchenjeri, ndimwari uyo anonzi mutsigiri wevanyori uye nyanzvi yeruzivo. Patinotaura nezvake, tinoreva mwari wemagwaro matsvene, mwedzi, sainzi, masvomhu nemashiripiti. Pamusoro pazvo, akamira pakuva munyori uye mutumwa wevamwari vekare Ijipiti.
Pakati pemabasa ake kwaiva kubatsira vanamwari vemariro, kutora nzvimbo yenhume, uye panguva imwe cheteyo kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvavo. Naizvozvo, Thoth ndiye aive nebasa rekunyora mitongo yese yemhemberero dzekuyera moyo. Mukati memitambo iyi paisarudzwa kana mufi aigona kupfuurira kuupenyu hwapashure porufu kana kuti kwete.
Chokwadi uri kushamisika kuti mhemberero iyoyo yakashanda sei. Zvakanaka, kana mwoyo, uyo waizova mweya wemunhu ari kutaurwa, wakaenzana muchiyero nePeni yeChokwadi yeMa'at, saka aigona kupinda muhupenyu hunotevera. Ukuwo kana zvikazoonekwa kuti moyo wairema, mufi haapfuure. Mwari weEgypt weuchenjeri Thoth ndiye aive akapa mamwe mazano kuvamwari vakasiyana-siyana uye ndiani aibatsira zvichemo zvezuva nezuva zvavaigashira. Mukuwedzera, akasika mitemo mitsva. Kutaura idi, mukuwirirana navaEgipita, akanga ari mwari Thoth uyo akakarakadza kuti boka raifanira kusangana mukuungana kuti vakurukure zvinetso zvaisagona kugadziriswa.
Chii chinonzi Maat?
Kana iwe uchinetseka kuti chii Ma'at yatambotaura, usanetseka, isu tichaitsanangura. Ipfungwa inokosha zvikuru, nokuti chitendero cheEgipita chainyanya kufunga nezvacho. kushandurwa kunoreva "izvo zvine chekuita nechokwadi, kururamisira uye kurongeka." Maererano netsika iyi, pfungwa idzi dzakanga dziri mitemo yechisiko chapose pose iyo nzanga yose yavanhu yaifanira kutevedzera. Izwi rekuti Ma'at rakavepo kubva pasi nedenga rakasikwa uye pasina iro pangadai pasina kubatana kana kurongeka.
Pasinei nekukosha kwayo, muchitendero cheEgypt maive nekutenda kuti izwi iri raigara richityisidzirwa, nokudaro richiisa mungozi kurongeka kwenyika. Nechikonzero ichi zvaive zvakakosha kuti nzanga yeEgipita ichengetedze kururamisira uye kurongeka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu wega wega aifanira kubatsira, kubatsira uye kugarisana munzanga yenguva iyoyo. Nenzira iyi vakakwanisa kusimudza cosmic level. Naizvozvo, masimba echisiko, kana kuti simba ravamwari vose veEgipita, akaungana kuti awane dzikamo pasi pano.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kuchengetedza kurongeka nemipiro munzanga chakanga chiri chimwe chezvinangwa zvikuru zvechitendero cheEgipita. Inotsanangurawo kuti nei vaIjipita vaida kuchengetedza Ma'at mudenga uye nei vaidikanirwa kuita mitambo yakasiyana-siyana uye zvipo kuvamwari. Nenzira iyi vakakwanisa kubvisa nhema nenyonganyonga muhuwandu uye rambai muchifamba munzira yechokwadi.
Baba vaThoth ndiani?
Maererano nenyaya yeEgipita pamusoro pevamwari, Thoth akaberekwa pakutanga kwekusika, kubva pamiromo yababa vake. Izvi zvaive, hapana chimwe uye hapana zvishoma, kupfuura mwari wavamwari: Ra. Ndimwari wezuva uye mwari wemavambo ehupenyu mutsika dzeEgipita. Sezvinotarisirwa, Ra anofananidzira chiedza chezuva, chezvisikwa, cheupenyu, cherufu uyezve chekumuka. Muchidimbu: Ndiye musiki wehupenyu uye ane mhosva yekutenderera kwerufu. Zvisinei, Thoth haana amai mungano iyi, ndokusaka akanziwo “mwari asina mai”.
Pane imwewo nyaya inotaura izvozvo Thoth aive musiki wake pakutanga kwenguva. Sezvinoita shiri, shiri yerwizi rwaNire, yakakandira zai raiva nechadenga nezvisikwa zvose. Pasinei neshanduro yakaudzwa panguva iyoyo, zvese zvinoratidza kuti Thoth agara aine hukama hwepedyo naRa uye pfungwa dzekururamisira uye kurongeka kwaMwari.
Thoth inomiririrwa sei?
Chikonzero nei shiri iyi ichitaurwa nezvayo munyaya iri pamusoro iri nyore: Zita raThoth rechiIjipita djehuty, iyo yaizoshandura ichiti "Iye akafanana neIbis." Naizvozvo hazvishamise kuti yaiwanzomirirwa seshiri iyi, kana segudo, rudzi rwetsoko. Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechekutsvaga mifananidzo uye zvivezwa zvamwari weEgypt weuchenjeri umo ane musoro webhis uye muviri wemunhu. Nzvimbo dzaanozivikanwa kuve ainyanya kunamatwa iSerabit el-Khadim, Hermopolis Magna Hermopolis Parva. Nekudaro, mitero yakawanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana muEgypt.
Ndinovimba kuti ruzivo rwese urwu nezvemwari weEjipita wehuchenjeri hwave huchinakidza kwauri. Thoth aive, pasina kupokana, mumwe wevamwari vakuru veIjipita yekare uye hazvimborwadzi kuziva zvishoma nezvetsika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakatekeshera munyika ino. Kunyange zvazvo chiri chokwadi kuti vamwari vekare havachanamatwa, vanopfuurira kuumba rutivi rwenhau nenhaka yetsika zvebudiriro.