Muchinyorwa chino chinonakidza iwe uchaziva ndiani aive martin luther king, murume akarwira hope dzake, kusvikira hupenyu hwake hwabviswa kwaari. Shamiswa nehupenyu hwamufundisi anoshingairira, Kupinda pano izvozvi!
Martin Luther King aive ani?
Martin Luther King aive gurukota uye mufundisi weAmerican Baptist Church, anozivikanwa nebasa rake refu seanoratidzira uye mutungamiri wesangano rezvekodzero dzevanhu veAfro-vazukuru kuNorth America. Ini ndinotora chinhanho mukushandirana kwevamwe nevemagariro se:
- Labour Movement muUnited States.
- Kufambisa kwekusagadzikana muUnited States.
- Civil Rights Movement muUnited States.
- Mune huwandu hwakawanda hwekuratidzira mukuratidzira kurwisa Hondo yeVietnam uye nehurombo hwakazara muNorth America.
Kubva pahudiki hwake, Martin Luther King aive mudziviriri mukuru wekodzero dzeveruzhinji muNorth America. Kuzvitsigira kuburikidza nemifambiro yepacificist kodzero huru dzevanhu vatema vemuUnited States, senge: Kodzero yekuvhota uye kusasarurwa mukati memasangano ehurumende.
Zviyeuchidzo Zviitiko muNorth America Nhoroondo Mumiriri
Paakabvunzwa Ndiani Martin Luther King?, Zvinodikanwa kuyeuka zviito zvake zvisingakanganwike munhoroondo. Pakati pavo zvinotevera zvinogona kutaurwa:
- Kubatanidzwa mukuramwa bhazi muMontgomery muna 1955: Uku kwaive kuratidzira kwenzanga kwakaitika muna 1955 mutaundi reMontgomery, State of Alabama. Izvo zvakaiswa kumitemo yekusarura kwemarudzi muhurongwa hwekutakura vanhu.
- Tsigira kuumbwa kweSouthern Christian Leadership Conference muna 1957: Kana SCLC yezita racho muchiChirungu. Martin Luther King akave mutungamiri wekutanga weMusangano iwoyo.
- Mutungamiri munaKurume paWashington mukurwira Vashandi neRusununguko, Nyamavhuvhu 28, 1963: Mukufamba uku kwakakurumbira, Martin Luther King pakupera kwekuratidzira anopa hurukuro yake yatinoziva -ndine hope- kana -ndine hope-.
Kubva mukufora uku, pfungwa yeruzhinji yakanangana nekufamba kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakapararira muUnited States yese. Kune rake divi, King akakwanisa kuzvisimbisa semumwe wevatauri vepamusoro munhoroondo yeAmerica, kufora kwaizove nemubairo wayo nemhedzisiro yekuburitswa kwemitemo:
- Civil Rights Act ya1964.
- Uye Kodzero Yekuvhota Mutemo wa1965.
Mune izvo zvakawanda zvataurwa zvakaitirwa kodzero dzevanhu zvakaitwa. Chiitiko mukurwira kubvisa rusaruro uye rusarura kuburikidza nezviito zvechisimba; Yakagamuchira Mambo musiyano wekugamuchira iyo 1964 Nobel Peace Prize.
Akabatwa nekuurayiwa kwenhoroondo yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX
Musi waApril 4, 1968, Martin Luther King ndiye akauraiwa, akaonekwa seimwe yeanonyanya kukosha muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kuuraya kwake kunoitika apo mutungamiri mumiriri airayira hondo yake yekupokana neVietnam Hondo, pamwe nekurwisa hurombo munyika yake.
Martin Luther King anofa semunhu akabatwa nepfuti, muguta reMemphis, yeHurumende yeTennessee, aine makore makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe. Zuva iro muna Kubvumbi, King anga achigadzirira kuenda kunodya kwemandara neshamwari.
Martin Luther King aive ani? Tichifunga zviri pamusoro, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti uyu murume mutema akaitika kutora nzvimbo munhoroondo yezvino yeUnited States of America. Inozivikanwa seimwe yevakuru vatungamiriri uye magamba mukurwisa isiri mhirizhonga.
Vaimbove Mutungamiri weAmerica Jimmy Carter vakapihwa mu2004 uye mushure mekufa kuna Martin Luther King: The Presidential Medal of Freedom neMenduru yeGoridhe yeCongress yeUnited States of America.
Ndira 15 yakadomwa saMartin Luther King Jr. Day, muUnited States kubvira 1986. Kuva zororo renyika muchirangarirwa nemuratidziri weAmerica.
Martin Luther King aive ani? - Hupenyu hwake
Martin Luther King Junior akaberekwa muna Ndira 15, 1929 muguta reNorth America reAtlanta muHurumende yeGeorgia. Vabereki vake Martin Luther King naAlberta Williams King vanopa mukomana zita rekuti Michael King Junior.
Baba vake Martin Luther King vaive mufundisi weChechi yeBaptist uye amai vake vaive muridzi wechechi iyoyo. Vese baba nemwanakomana vakatanga kupihwa zita rekuti Michael, asi zvichitevera rwendo rwemhuri kuenda kuGerman muna 1934, vakashandura mazita avo kuva Martin Luther.
Kushandurwa kwezita kwakakonzerwa nekuti baba vakasarudza kuzviita mukukudza mutsigiri wekuchinja kwePurotesitendi, Martin Luther. Kugamuchira vose, baba nemwanakomana, zita remushanduri weGermany mumutauro weChirungu, ndiko kuti, Martin Luther.
Tinokukoka iwe kuti upinde chinotevera chinongedzo kuti udzidze nezve iyo Chipurotesitendi Chinjo: Chii ichochi? zvinokonzera, protagonists. Mune ino chinyorwa unogona kuwana inonakidza ruzivo nezve ino fungiro kufamba kwakabudirira muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX muEurope, pamwe nekutsvaga kuti vaive varidzi vayo vakuru.
Mumwe weava protagonists aive wechiGerman mushanduri waunogona kusangana naye nekupinda muchinyorwa ichi: Martin Luther: Hupenyu, basa, zvinyorwa, nhaka, rufu nezvimwe. Iko kwaunodzidza nezve hupenyu uye basa remurume uyo akakurudzira chechi yechiKristu kuti itangezve dzidziso dzayo dzepakutanga, zvichiratidza chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yekusiya nhaka ichiva mutsigiri mukuru weShanduko yePurotesitendi.
Makore ekutanga, hudiki
Kudzokera ku biography yaMartin Luther King Junior, zvinogona kunzi aive wechipiri pahama nhatu. Wekutanga aive hanzvadzi yake Christine King Farris, uye munun'una wavo aive Alfred Daniel Williams King.
Pazera rechitanhatu, achiri mwana, aifanira kurarama ruzivo rwekusarurana. Uye ndezvekuti vana vadiki vaviri vachena vanozivikanwa kwaari, vakamuramba nekusamubvumidza kuti atambe navo.
Pazera ramakore mashanu muna 1934 akarega kuzvidaidza kuti Michael kuti atore zita raaizivikanwa naro mune ramangwana, Martin Luther King, mukurangarira Martin Luther. Muna 1939, chechi yeBaptist kwaakaungana yakaridza firimu Kuenda Nemhepo, Martín mudiki anoimba mukwaya yehurukuro iyi.
Zvidzidzo zvake
Martin Luther King Junior akapedza zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga kuBooker T. Washington High School muAtlanta. Kusiya giredhi repfumbamwe negumi nembiri kana gore, zvekuti haana kuwana dhigirii rechikoro chepamusoro.
Kunyangwe zvakadaro, muna 1944 aine makore gumi nemashanu, akapinda Morehouse College iri muAtlanta, Georgia. Iyi yunivhesiti yakazvimirira, iyo yakatanga kugadzirirwa chete vanhu vemuAfrica -America.
Kubva kuMorehouse College University, akapedza kudzidza paSociology aine degree reBachelor of Arts muna 1948. Gare gare, akapinda muCrozer Theological Seminary, iri muChester, Pennsylvania.
Musi waChikumi 12, 1951, Mambo weminari akapedza degree rehuology. MunaGunyana wegore rimwe chetero, Martin Luther King Junior akanyoresa kuBoston University kuti aite Chiremba muhurongwa hwedzidziso. Musi waJune 5, 1955, Mambo akapedza kudzidza saDoctor of Philosophy
Kuroora nevana
Martin Luther King Jr., akaroora Coretta Scott musi wa18 Chikumi 1953. Mhemberero yemuchato yakaitika mubindu reimba yeScott, iri munharaunda yeHeiberger yePerry County, Alabama.
King akasangana nemukadzi wake Coretta paakanga ari muchikoro chekupedza kudzidza kuBoston University. Coretta Scott King (1927-2006) akadzidza mimhanzi uye aive munyori. Kunyangwe hazvo basa rake raive rekutungamira mumiririri, semurume wake, kukodzero dzevanhu.
Coretta aive asinganeti akatsigira kuenzana kwevanhu vemuAfrica vanhu muma60. Basa rake semutungamiri wechiuto rakashandiswa zvakafanana nebasa rake semunyori wenziyo uye muimbi. Kunyangwe mimhanzi yake yakaverengerwa mumafambiro aaiitira kodzero dzevanhu.
Kubva kune vaviri vakaroora King Scott, vana vana vakazvarwa, vasikana vaviri nevakomana vaviri, ivo uye nenzira yekuzvarwa:
- Yolanda Denise King (1955 - 2007), aive mumiriri weAmerica uye mutambi.
- Martin Luther King III (Gumiguru 23, 1957), akatevera tsoka dzababa vake semudziviriri wekodzero dzevanhu, pamwe nekuve murwiri wenzvimbo muUnited States.
- Dexter Scott King (Ndira 30, 1961), zvakare murwiri wekodzero dzevanhu vekuAmerica.
- Bernice Albertine King (Kurume 28, 1963), parizvino ari Gurukota reEbenezer Baptist Church uye Executive Director (CEO) weKing Center.
Martin Luther King aive ani? - Gurukota nemumiriri
Martin Luther King Jr., atova nedhigirii mufundo yebhaibheri, akagadzwa Mufundisi uye Gurukota reChechi yeBaptist yeDexter Avenue, Montgomery, Alabama, achingova nemakore makumi maviri nemashanu chete.
King akatanga hushumiri hwake panguva iyo kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yake kwaive nekuita zvechisimba nekuda kwerusarura rwevatema. Rusaruraganda rwakanyanya, zvekuti rwakatungamirira kurufu rwevatema vatatu vekuAmerica muna 1955:
- Anopikisa uye murwiri wekodzero dzevanhu Lamar Smith.
- Mukomana ane makore gumi nemana anonzi Emmett Till.
- Mufundisi uye muratidziri George W. Lee.
Ichi chiitiko cherusaruro uye zvimwe zvakaitika kazhinji vachishandisa chisimba kuhama dzavo dzechitema. Vakakurudzira Martín muhondo yake seanorwira kodzero dzevanhu.
King anosungirwa mhosva yekuita zvematongerwo enyika
Martin Luther King akatungamira kurwisa bhazi kuMontgomery muna 1955. Mubato iri King akaperekedzwa naMufundisi Ralph Abernathy naEdgar Nixon, director wenzvimbo yeNational Association for the Advancement of Coloured People.
Chikonzero chekuramwa kwaive nekuda kwekuti musi waZvita 1, 1955, mukadzi wemuAfrica -America anonzi Rosa Parks, akasungwa pabhazi. Mhosva yaRosa yakanga isiri kusimuka kubva pachigaro chake pabhazi kuti murume chena agare, nokudaro achiputsa mutemo wekusarura weMontgomery.
Kuratidzira kwekurwisa nzira yeMontgomery yekutakura vanhu, kwakaenderera kwemazuva makumi matatu nemaviri, uye Martin Luther King akapedzisira asungwa. Mazuva ese iwayo aive negakava guru mukati meguta.
Nekuti vanhu vachena vekusarura vakaita zviito zvechisimba uye zvehugandanga, kuitira kuti vawane kutya kwevatema. Zviito zvehugandanga, pakati pevamwe, kurwiswa kwaNdira 30, 1956 nemabhomba anopisa anopesana:
- Imba yemhuri yaMambo.
- Ralph Abernathy Imba.
- Zvigaro zvemachechi mana.
Kupera kwekuramwa kwakauya munaNovember 13, 1956, nesarudzo yedare repamusoro reNorth America. Izvo zvakazivisa mutemo weMontgomery wekusarura munharaunda zvisiri pamutemo, izvo zvakamanikidzwa muhurongwa hwekutakura vanhu mabhazi, maresitorendi, zvikoro nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeruzhinji.
King pakuvambwa kweSCLC
Martin Luther King muna 1957 akatsigira kuumbwa kweSouthern Christian Leadership Conference kana iyo SCLC yechidimazwi muChirungu. Nderipi sangano rerunyararo uye raMambo angave mutungamiri waro wekutanga.
Chinzvimbo chaakabata kubva muna Ndira 10, 1957 kusvika zuva rekuurawa kwake muna Kubvumbi 4, 1968. Sangano iri rakaumbwa nechinangwa chekuronga machechi ese eAfro-America, kuitira kuti vatsigire zvinesimba kuratidzira kurunyararo kwekodzero dzevanhu.
King mukuratidzira kana kuratidzira kwakatsigirwa neSouthern Christian Leadership Conference, vakatora huzivi hwekuteerera kwevanhu zvine rugare. Yakatsanangurwa nemunyori weAmerica, mudetembi uye muzivi, Henry David Thoreau uye mumwechete uyo Gandhi aive abudirira kunyorera muIndia.
Kubatana kwaMambo kune runyararo kusateerera kwevanhu kwakauya mushure mekugamuchira zano kubva kumurwiri wekodzero dzevanhu Bayard Rustin.
Munyori webhuku "Mugwagwa unoenda kurusununguko; Nyaya yaMontgomery ”
Muna 1958, Martin Luther King akanyora bhuku "Mugwagwa unoenda kurusununguko; nhoroondo yeMontgomery ”. Gare gare uye nekuda kweruvengo rwakakonzerwa nekuburitswa kwebhuku rake, King anofumura maonero ake pamusoro penyaya yekusarura kwemarudzi uye nekuburitsa kusaenzana, achiti:
“Varume vanowanzovengana nekuti vanotyidzana; vanotya nekuti havazivane; havazivane nekuti havagone kutaura; Havagone kutaura nekuti vakaparadzaniswa.
Pabhuku rake kusaina chiitiko kuHarlem bookstore musi waSeptember 20, 1958, King akarohwa nebepa repepa. Chikonzero chekumukuvadza aive mukadzi mutema anonzi Izola Curry, uyo akamurwisa nekuti aimuona semutungamiri wechiCommunist.
Pakupedzisira, Izola akatongwa semukadzi ane matambudziko epfungwa uye King akaponeswa nenzira inoshamisa kubva murufu, sezvo banga rakadya aorta. King semunhu anotenda waMwari akaregerera munhu akamurwisa uye akashandisa chiitiko ichi seuchapupu sekushora kusawirirana uye mhirizhonga iriko munharaunda yenyika yake, achiti:
“Zvinosiririsa zvechiitiko ichi hakusi kukuvara kwemunhu. Iyo inoratidza mamiriro ekunze eruvengo nekuvava izvo zvinowanda munyika yedu zvekuti kuputika kwechisimba kwakanyanya kunofanira kunge kuchizomuka. Nhasi ndiri. Mangwana anogona kunge ari mumwe mutungamiri kana zvisinei kuti ndiani, murume, mukadzi kana mwana, ndiani akabatwa nemhirizhonga nehutsinye. Ndinovimba kuti chiitiko ichi chinopedzisira chave chekuvaka munharaunda, zvichiratidza kudiwa nekukurumidza kwekusave nemhirizhonga kutonga zviitiko zvevarume.
Kwapera gore, King anonyora uye anoburitsa bhuku iri: Kuyera kweMurume. Iko kunotsanangura izvo zvine hutano nyika matongerwo enyika, magariro uye hupfumi nzanga inofanira kuve.
Midhiya kufukidza yakakomberedza King uye dzinza mhirizhonga
King aiziva kuti kuratidzira kune rugare kwaakasimudzira nenzira yakarongeka kwaizokwezva kutariswa kwenhau. Uye haana kurasika, kuratidzira kune runyararo vachipesana nemutemo wekuparadzanisa kumaodzanyemba kwenyika uye kurwira kuenzana, pamwe nekodzero yekuvhota vanhu vatema, zvichakurumidza kuburitswa nenhau.
Kufukidzira kwakaratidza pasi rose kukura kwekupokana muUnited States. Vatori venhau nevatori venhau, kunyanya avo vepa terevhizheni, vakaratidza kunyadziswa uye kubvisirwa uko vagari vemavara vaiwanzotambura kumaodzanyemba kwenyika.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, ivo vakanongedzera munhepfenyuro dzavo nemishumo yevatapi venhau yekushungurudzwa nemhirizhonga. Pakati pavo vanoratidzira uye vatungamiriri vanoratidzira kodzero dzevanhu vakashungurudzwa, kubva kuchikamu chevagari chakatsigira rusarura.
Zvese izvi zvekutepfenyura, zvakakonzera kuberekwa kwehuwandu hwevanonzwira tsitsi mukati meruzhinji maonero, mukufarira kupokana-kusarura kukurudzira. Zvakare zvakare kuisa kukakavara senge inokodzera nyaya yezvematongerwo enyika muUnited States mumakore makumi matanhatu.
King, pamwechete neSouthern Christian Leadership Conference, vakabudirira kushandisa marongero ekutanga erunyararo kusateerera kwevanhu kufunga. Yakarongwa kusarudza masiti uye maitiro ehuratidziro, kuwana budiriro kusangana nevakuru vevasarura.
Zviratidziro zvinopesana nemakakatanwa erudzi, hazvina kungokwezva vatori venhau. Asi zvakare kubva muna 1961, FBI yakatanga kuongorora Martin Luther King.
Sezvo pakanga paine kunyunyuta kuti komunizimu yaida kutora mukana wekupokana kwemarudzi. Kuda kupinda mukati merwendo rwekurwira kodzero dzevanhu muNorth America.
Kunyangwe FBI isina kuwana chero humbowo hunopesana naMambo, yakaramba ichiedza kumubvisa pakutungamira kuratidzira.
King neFBI
Muna 1961 United States Gweta General Robert (Bobby) Francis Kennedy, vakapa gwaro rakanyorwa kuna Director weFBI, J. Edgar Hoover. Nekuraira kweMuchuchisi, FBI inotanga kuferefeta uye kuongorora kwaMartin Luther King, pamwe neSouthern Christian Leadership Conference.
Gore rekutanga kuferefeta hakuna kupa chero chinhu chakakosha. Chete muna 1962 apo FBI payakaona kuti Stanley Levinson, chipangamazano wepedyo kuna King, aive nehukama neCommunist Party yeUnited States.
FBI inoendesa ruzivo urwu kune Gweta Guru uye Mutungamiri John F. Kennedy. Aya masimba akaedza kugombedzera King kuti abve paLevison, asi havana kubudirira.
Sezvo King akasimbirira kuti anga asina hukama nemakomonisiti munyika. Mukupindura, Director weFBI akamupomera achiti Mambo ndiye aive anyepa kwazvo munyika.
Kune rake divi, chipangamazano waMambo, Stanley Levinson akazvidzivirira achiti hukama hwake nemakomonisiti hwaingova hunyanzvi nekuti aive gweta. Nekudaro kuramba nhoroondo dzeFBI dzichimupomera, izvo zvairatidza kuti aibatanidzwa navo padanho rega.
FBI inosimbirira pakuzvidza Mambo
Sezvo FBI yaisakwanisa kuona chero chinhu chinopesana naMambo maererano nemafungiro ake ezvematongerwo enyika. Kuferefetwa kwakadzoserwa ipapo, iko zvino kwakanangana nehupenyu hwepamoyo hwaMambo.
Pasina kuwana chero chinhu chinowirirana, FBI inosarudza kusiya kuferefeta kuhupenyu hwepamoyo hwaMambo uye inovatungamira kuenda kuScLC, pamwe neveBlack Power kufamba. Nevanopinda mukati maFBI vamiririri mukati mehutungamiriri hweSCLC, vakakwanisa kukonzera kuratidzira muMemphis munaKurume 1968 kubuda kunze kwekutonga, zvichikonzera mhirizhonga.
Director Hoover akavimba neizvi kuti adzokere mushandirapamwe unonyadzisa pamusoro pemutungamiriri wezvematongerwo enyika King. Pakazosvika Kubvumbi 2, 1968, iyo FBI inozivikanwa kuti yakatangazve kubugging mushure meMambo.
Iyo Mississippi State FBI musi waApril 4 inofunga kushora Mambo pamberi pehama dzake nhema, kuti vasamupe rutsigiro. Musi iwoyo King akaurayiwa uye FBI yakaramba ichitaurirana naMambo kuti agare achiongororwa nguva dzese.
Saka vekutanga kusvika panzvimbo iyi pakapfurwa King vaive vamiririri veFBI, avo vakavapa rubatsiro rwekutanga. Vatsigiri venyaya yekufa kwaMambo nerangano dzezvematongerwo enyika vanovimba nekuvapo kweFBI padyo padyo nenzvimbo yematsotsi kusimbisa dzidziso yavo nekubatanidzwa kwesangano mukuponda.
Martin Luther King aive ani? Sei akaurayiwa?
Martin Luther King semuratidziri aive wekodzero dzevanhu vemuAfrica -America, akaenda kuMemphis muHurumende yeTennessee pakupera kwaKurume 1968. Kuitira kutsigira hama dzake dzechitema pamwe nevanotora marara emuno, avo vairamwa mabasa kurapwa kwakanaka, kuenzana uye muhoro, kubva pagumi nemaviri.
Kuratidzira uku kwaive kuri kusimukira murunyararo kwakangoerekana kwadurukira muzviito zvechisimba, zvichikonzera kufa kwejaya dema mutema. Martin Luther King musi waApril 3, 1968 mutembere yeMason yeChechi yaMwari munaKristu anopa hurukuro kwaanotaura:
Ndave pamusoro pegomo. Hazvina kukosha izvo zvinoitika izvozvi. Vamwe vatanga kutaura zvekutyisidzira. Chii chingaitika kwandiri kubva kune imwe yehama dzedu chena dzakaipa?
Kufanana nevamwe vose, ndinoda kurarama nguva refu. Kurarama kwenguva refu kwakakosha, asi ndicho chinhu chandisina basa nacho izvozvi. Ndinongoda kuzadzisa kuda kwaMwari. Uye akandipa mvumo yokukwira gomo! Uye ndakatarisa kumativi ose uye ndakaona nyika yechipikirwa. Ndingasaenda newe ikoko. Asi ndinoda kuti muzive manheru ano kuti tichasvika sevanhu vari munyika yechipikirwa. Uye ndiri kufara zvikuru manheru ano. handityi. ini handityi murume. Meso angu aona kubwinya kwokuuya kwaShe.
Zuva rakatevera hurukuro iyi ye6: 01pm, King anourawa neanosarura anocheka faniki, pabhokisi reLorraine Motel muMemphis, Tennessee. Mhondi yaive James Earl Ray, uyo, kuseri kwewindo rekugezera akatarisana nebhokisi remotel yaive naMambo, akakwanisa kumupfura.
Mariro
Mariro aMartin Luther King akave nekupinda kukuru, kuvapo kwakapoteredza mazana matatu ezviuru zvevanhu. Pakati payo pane rubatsiro rweMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri wenyika Hubert Humphrey, anomiririra hurumende yeAmerica.
Kuurayiwa kwaMambo kwakakonzera mhirizhonga dzakasiyana siyana uye kuratidzira kuruzhinji mumaguta anodarika zana munyika yese, zvichikonzera vanhu 100.
Kune rake divi, pamariro, chirikadzi yakafunga kuti kutaura kwekuonekana nemurume wake kwaizounzwa naMartin Luther King iye. Izvi zvakagoneka nekudzokorora zvakanyorwa zvakaparidzwa semufundisi paEbenezer Baptist Church.
Mukuparidzira kunonzi Drum Major, Martin Luther King akakumbira kuti mariro ake arege kurumbidzwa, asi kuti zvitaurwe kuti aigara achitsvaga kushandira vanoshaya. Gare gare, Mahalia Jackson, shamwari yaMambo, akaimba rwiyo rwake rwaanofarira: "Tora ruoko rwangu, Ishe anokosha."
Kuferefeta mushure mekufa kwaMambo
MunaJune 1968, anonzi anouraya Martin Luther King, James Earl Ray, akasungwa kuLondon Heathrow airport. Ray anga achiedza kukwira ndege nepasipoti yekuCanada yekunyepedzera muzita raRamón G. Sneyd.
Anozotamisirwa kuTennessee akaunzwa kutongwa nekuda kwekufa kwaMartin Luther King. Ray akayambira negweta rake anobvuma mhosva kuti arege kutongerwa rufu, anotongerwa makore 99 mutirongo, mushure meizvi:
- Ray anoreurura kuti mhosva chaidzo murume anonzi Raoul nemunin'ina wake Johnny, waakasangana naye kuMontreal, Canada. Uye kuti aingova bato rine mutoro asingazive.
- Muna 1997, Dexter nemwanakomana waMambo vanosangana naRay uye vanomutsigira kuti awane muyedzo mutsva.
- Zvino muna 1998 Ray akafa.
- Muna 1999 mhuri yaMambo inohwina mhosva yehurumende yakanangana naLoyd Jowers nevamwe vanorangana. Nekuti muna Zvita 1993, Jowers akapa ruzivo rwekurangana kunosanganisira mafia, FBI nehurumende yeAmerica kuuraya Mambo. Jowers pakutongwa anowanikwa aine mhosva.
- Mushure mekuita, mhuri yaKing inopedzisa kuti Ray anga asiri iye mhondi.
- Muna 2000, Dhipatimendi Rezvemitemo rakapedza kuferefeta zvirevo zvaJowers, pasina humbowo hunoratidza kurangana.
Tinokukoka iwe kuti usangane nemumwe mutungamiri weAmerican Christian, achipinda apa: Charles stanley: Biography, Ministry uye nezvimwe zvakawanda.
