Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) ari mushwa inoda: haigadzike pasi pevhu revhu rakapfuma mumashizha uye humus, asi rinoda masango akanganiswa murume. Imhando yemhando inokwanisa kushivirira njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza, hazvina kuitika kuti zvinonzi ndiyo yekutanga yehupenyu kuoneka mushure mekuputika kwebhomba reatomu muHiroshima muna 1945. japan mupaini mutsvuku (Pinus densiflora) ndiye anonyanya kutambira, also prefer the ivhu rezuva uye zvicherwa zvakasiiwa nekutemwa kwemasango kunokonzerwa ne murume, asi nhasi kuunganidzwa kwefungus iyi kuri kuwedzerawo munzvimbo dzekumadokero kweNorth America.
Chikonzero chakakurudzira anthropologist Anna Lowenhaupt-Tsing kutsaurira bhuku rose uye rakakura kune matsutake rine musoro unoti " Iyo fungus pakuguma kwenyika. Iko mukana wekugara mumatongo e capitalism ” (Keller, 2021). Mariri mune zvimwe zvakacherechedzwa zvaakakwanisa kuona mukati memakore ake manomwe ekutsvakurudza mumunda. Chinhu chakakosha chefungus iyi ndechekuti yave, nekufamba kwenguva, mune inodhura zvakanyanya pasi rose zvakanaka nokuda kwechikonzero chakapfava zvikuru: haigoni kurimwa, asi munhu anogona kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu kuti ikure; izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei tichitaura nezvenzvimbo dzakakanganiswa.
Matsutake, howa hunokosha zvikuru
Matsutake Tricholoma ihwo fungus inowanzoitika munyika, zvinoreva kuti inogara iri muAmerica, Europe neAsia. Maererano nedzidziso iyi zvingava nyore kuwana uye kutengesa, uye kwete kudhura. Asi sezvataona, ndizvo zvazvirianoda mamiriro akakosha kuti akure, saka kana ukaona imwe, zvingatora makore usati wawana imwe.
Inowanikwa zvakanyanya pasi pemasango akasvibira, inodyiswa nevhu rakanyorova zvikuru. Inonyanya kufarirwa sechikafu zvakare nemhembwe, squirrels uye tsuro, kuti uwane yakazara uye yakakodzera pamusika unofanirwa ku "nudge".
Ndokusaka misika yekumabvazuva, uko Tricholoma Matsutake fungus inonyanya kufarirwa -mukubika nemishonga-, vanoikoshesa pazviuru zveeuro. Anewo "twin brother" Tricholoma nauseosum kwete kuvhiringidzwa neMatsutake. Kuoma uku zvakare chikamu yemutengo wepamusoro wekukosha kwayo. Kutsvaga, kuziva uye kuunganidza fungus iyi haisi basa riri nyore.
Chipo chakanakisisa
Tsika dzechiJapani dzinoti howa hwakanaka hunenge hwatengwa hunopihwa, izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu haawanzosarudza kuzvitenga; saka matsutake inotora basa rechipo: chigadzirwa chepasi rose chine chirevo chetsika chakasimba.
Kutarisisa kweanthropologist kwakatarisa zvakanyanya pane kubatana pakati pehupfumi nemhoteredzo, munzira dzavo dzehukama uye mumamiriro ekushanda evanovhima matsutake, vazhinji vavo vanonyanya kuOregon. Kunyangwe ichibva kuJapan, iri mune ino nyika yeAmerica uko inokura muhuwandu uye ndipo panguva ino apo Tsing's anthropological analysis inopinda umo capitalism inoita basa rakakosha. Howa uhwu kana hwatorwa, hunobva hwava nhumbi dzekutengesera dzinoti kana dzatorwa nevanonzi Vatengi, pfuura mumaoko a vatakuri vakawanda, avo vane basa rokuunganidza howa uye kuhugadzira kuti huendeswe kuMabvazuva. Vavhimi vehowa vanorarama hupenyu hwavo munzvimbo dzisina njodzi, nguva zhinji ivo veterans kana vatorwa vasina zvinyorwa, Ndivo varume vanoedza zuva nezuva kudzikinura hupenyu hwavo muzita rerusununguko., tichizvidza upenyu hunotsamira pavashandiwo zvavo. Izvo isu vavhimi vehowa takanyura mazviri icapitalism chaiyo umo siyana uye kusvibiswa kwetsvina ndivo varatidziri.
Kusiyana uye kusvibiswa
Vose vane nyaya dzekusvibiswa kuseri kwemasana avo, asi munhu anowanzo kukanganwa nezvavo, uye ndezvekutenda kwavari kuti mikana yekubuda kwepasirese inovhurika:
"Kushanduka kwe 'egos' yedu yakatosvibiswa nenyaya dzekusangana; takatosanganiswa nevamwe kunyange usati watanga kushandira pamwe kutsva. Zvakatonyanya kuipa, tinozviwana tabatwa mumapurojekiti anotikuvadza zvakanyanya. Kusiyana kunotibvumira kuti tibatane kunobva munhoroondo dzekuparadza, imperialism, nezvimwe. Kusvibiswa kunoparira kusiyana-siyana,” anodaro Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing anodzidza nezvevanhu.
Kuvhiringidza, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ayo anokonzera imwe shanduko mune ecosystem, inogona kuvandudza ecologies asiwo inoaparadza. Chiyero chekuvhiringidza chinogona kusiyanisa, asi chero chipi zvacho chiri chiitiko icho pfungwa yekukuvadza haifaniri kubatanidzwa; iyo yematsutake inyaya yekuvhiringidzika kweanthropogenic iyo yakagadzira hukama hwemagariro.
ari zvinokonzerwa nematongo emaindasitiri pamusoro pezvisikwa zvipenyu zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana, kuchera goridhe kune mamwe marudzi uye njodzi kune vamwe; pakati tinowana matsutake howa, anokwanisa kugadzira nyika. Izvo izvo American anthropologist ingada kusimbisa ichokwadi chekuti:
“Chinokosha ndiko kusaenzana kwekusangana kwemarudzi akasiyana; ndosaka nyika ichiramba iine ecologically heterogeneous kunyangwe simba rekudyidzana kwepasi rose […] Mumutambo wesimba repasi rose, kusangana kusingagumi kunoramba kwakakosha».
Tricholoma Matsutake mushroom: chii uye kuti ungaiwanepi
ihowa zvisingawanzo, zvinonaka, yakakosha zvekuti inoshandiswa muhuwandu hwemaminiti… pinch, zvimedu zvishoma… mumabikirwo e kicheni yepamusoro.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana:
matsutake howa Iwo mahombe uye ane kunhuwirira kwakanyanya. Matsutake anowanikwa kwese kwese muFinland padhuze nemiti yemapine, muchokwadi anogona kunzi pine howa. Muvara weheti unosiyana kubva kune yakatsvuka kusvika kune yakasviba yakasviba, yakada kuita setara. Iyo dhayamita yeheti kubva pa6 kusvika ku20 cm. Zviyero zvakakura zvakasvibirira velvety zvinonamatira kumusoro kwevhavha. Dzinde rakareba 5 kusvika 20 cm uye 1,5 kusvika 2,5 cm paupamhi. Ane a cylindrical in shape kana yakafara zvishoma yakananga kuzasi. Iyo tsinde inogona kukotama, inosvika pakadzika muvhu uye yakanyatsobatanidzwa pachigadziko. Magill akachena uye asina kucheneswa. Mumienzaniso yechidiki, magill akafukidzwa nevhavha yekudzivirira iyo nekufamba kwenguva inosiya mhete ine mvere yakapoteredza pamusoro pechidzitiro. Pamusoro pemhete, dzinde ichena asi pazasi paro paine dhizaini yebrown. Nyama yakasimba uye yakachena uye inochengeta zvakanaka.
Mhando dzakafanana:
Chinokosha pakuziva matsutake howa ndiko kunhuhwirira kwavo kwakasimba, kunotapira, kwefruity. mhando yakafanana Focal Tricholoma Iine hwema hwakareruka hwakafanana nehupfu. Dzinde rayo rinotsveta pasi uye harina kunamatira zvakasimba kunheyo seye matsutake. iyo trichome Focal color igava dzvuku kusvika kune yakasvibira. Idiki pane matsutake howa uye haidyike.
Habitat:
Inokura zvakanaka pazasi pemiti yemupine mumasango mashoma, akakura ane ivhu rejecha rine ivhu rakatetepa panowanikwawo lichens.
Nguva yekukohwa:
Mwaka unotanga pakupera kwaChikunguru uye unopfuurira kusvika kutanga kwaGumiguru.
Shandisa:
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo hazvidikanwi kufanobika howa hwematsutake usati wahubika, asi munenge munyika dzose kwahunotengeswa vanokurudzira uye hunotoda kudaro. Uyezve, kuti ionekwe seyakakodzera kudyiwa, inofanira kunge yakabikwa kare. Inogona kushumirwa yakabikwa, yakabikwa, yakabikwa, kana mumasosi uye soups.
Chii chinonzi Tricholoma Matsutake chinoshandiswa?
MuJapan, China neKorea, Matsutake ndiye chirunga chinonaka kuti maresitorendi ese anoyevedza anoratidza kamwechete. Howa uhu hune zvivharo zvakafara, zvitete, kazhinji zvine mitsetse yebrown, hune dzinde refu, inofanira kubikwa kare kutenderwa sechinodyiwa.
Kana kurapwa kwekutanga kwapera, kunogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana siyana: yakagochwa, yakabikwa musobho, muchimiro chesoso ...
Maresitorendi eChic anoshandisa zvimedu zvishoma, kana kuti zest, kupa kuravira kwakasimba uye kunopinza kune dzimwe ndiro. KuMabvazuva, mabhenefiti ayo anokosheswawo kumishonga yemishonga uye kurapwa kwechirwere.
Tricholoma Matsutake, kutaura zvazviri, Inobatsira metabolism uye naizvozvo inoita kuti uremerwe uremu. Iyo ine zvakare inogoneka antitumor properties.. Inogadzirisa immune system kunyanya kana yekuzvimba uye inoshandiswa kurwisa kupisa kana kuchenesa. Mushonga weChinese unougadzira nenzira yehupfu, mafuta ekuzora kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvehomeopathic uye iri kudiwa zvakanyanya mumusika.
Kunotenga kupi uye nemutengo upi
Ikozvino kune akawanda enzira dzakasiyana dzekutenga howa uhu, kusanganisira online. asi zvakanaka nguva dzose kusavimba avo vanopa zvimwe zvigadzirwa, kunyanya howa, kuburikidza neinternet. Zvakanakisisa kuenda kuAsia, Chinese, kana Indian girosari chitoro, uye wozviwana kuburikidza navo.
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