La Magnetite Ndiyo imwe yemaminerari anonakidza aripo uye imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yazvino. Pachiitiko ichi, Simba remweya Ichatsanangura zvose zvine chokuita nebwe iri.
Magnetite
Ore iyi yesimbi inoumbwa ne diferric ferrous oxide. Iyo inozivikanwawo se ferroferrite uye morpholite. Naizvozvo, inogona kubatanidza akati wandei akasiyana ekutanga tsvina anotsiva simbi yekutanga neyechipiri.
Imwe yemhando huru yelodestone ndeyekuti inozivikanwa kuve neyakakosha kukwezva magineti muchivakwa chayo. Kunyangwe magineti ayo asina simba, iyi mineral yakasimba zvekukwezva zvipikiri zvakakura. Muchokwadi, mamwe mafomu eiyi mineral munzvimbo chaidzo ndiwo chaiwo magineti.
Ndosaka magnetite ichinziwo lodestone, sezvo iyi magineti fomu ndiyo yega mineral inoumba magineti chaiwo. Neiyi nzira, iyo magineti yainayo inoburitsa kuti tumarata twesimbi tunogara twakasungirirwa panzvimbo yayo.
Iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti izvi zvinokwanisa kugadzira layer yeyellow oxide ine brown touches kana iwe ukaigeza kana kuiisa munzvimbo ine nyoro. Asi kana uchiita izvi, unofanira kuiomesa pakarepo kuti isaita ngura.
Muchiitiko chekuti oxidize, unogona kuibvisa zviri nyore nekubvisa magineti mune solvent oxide. Vamwe vanoiona se ferromagnetic, nekuda kwekukwezva kwayo kune magineti. Nekudaro, hunhu hwayo hukuru ndeyekuti ine kukwezva kwakasimba kune magineti, kuoma uye streak.
Historia
Zvinoenderana nekumwe tsvagiridzo, zita rayo rinobva kuguta reGreek reMagnesia muThessaly, inova ikozvino prefecture yeMagnesia. Zvisinei, maererano nengano yekare yakanyorwa nemunyori weRoma Pliny Mukuru kana kuti Cayo Plinio Secundo, zita remucherwa uyu rinobva pazita remufudzi Magnes, uyo akanga ari iye akawana dombo iri paGomo reIda.
Mungano iyi, Mufundisi Magnes vakawana lodestone pavakaona yanamira pazvipikiri mubhutsu dzavo.
Chitarisiko
Rudzi rwemagnetite rwakasvibira grey kusvika kune dema. Kujeka kwaro kwakajeka uye kupenya isimbi. Inoratidzwa nekuve neisometric crystal system. Mukuwedzera kune izvozvo, inogona kunyungudutswa mune concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Makristasi ayo anowanzo octahedral muchimiro uye anogona kuve nechimiro chakanakisa, kunze kweiyo dodecahedral. Muchimiro chegorosi, zviyo zvakabatanidzwa uye makristasi akakomberedzwa.
Panogonawo kunge paine makristasi anosanganisa octahedral uye dodecahedral zviso. Muchokwadi, makristasi anogona kuve akashongedzwa uye mamwe octahedral makristasi anogona kunge aine shell budiriro.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo mineral hematite (mineral fomu yeferric oxide) inokwanisa kugadzira pseudomorphs pamusoro pemagineti. Izvo zvinozivikanwa seMartite. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nekuve nechitarisiko chakada kufanana neicho chenguva dzose magnetite. Kunyangwe mutsauko uripo ndewekuti maMartite akanyanya kusimba kukwezvwa kune magineti uye ane brown nekutsvuka kubata.
Morphology
Inogadzira makristasi anosvika 25 centimita, ayo anonyanya kuve octahedral (zviso zvisere) uye mune mashoma mashoma dodecahedral (zviso gumi nembiri) zvine mitsetse yakafanana. Uyezve, ivo havawanzoonekwa mu cubic crystals. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve malachite.
Nzvimbo
Magnetite iminerari yakajairika uye inozivikanwa kwazvo, ndosaka ichicherwa mukutengesa pamwero mukuru. Inobva mumatombo anopisa, senge diabase kana dema granite, zvakare mukubata metamorphic matombo uye mune hydrothermal replacement deposits.
Nekuti lodestone ndeimwe yeakanyanya kupararira iron oxide zvicherwa pasirese, inogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dze geological. Nekudaro, kunyangwe iri yakajairika accessory mineral mumatombo egneous, haawanzo kuumba makristasi makuru anogona kuonekwa mumasamples emaoko.
Kutaura zvazviri, inowanzoparadzirwa kuburikidza nedombo muchimiro chekristasi che microscopic inokura kumativi ose emaminerari esimbi, akadai seBiotite, Amphibole uye Pyroxenes.
Ndokusaka, mune iyi disaggregated fomu, kashoma kwazvo kuti ine vhoriyamu yakakura inogona kuwonekwa neruoko magineti, kuitira kuti dombo rionekwe nezviridzwa zvinonzwisisika.
Yayo yega octahedral makristasi, ayo anowanzo ari pamatrix, anozivikanwa zvakanyanya kubva kunzvimbo dzakaita seWallis Island muFrance, Binntal muSwitzerland nedzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika ino.
Magadzirirwo emakristasi aya akanyanya, sezvo mune dzimwe nguva angave ane mativi matatu-akaita mativi matatu kana striae. Muchokwadi, imwe yemadhipoziti akakura eiyi mineral iri munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kweSweden, uko kune makristasi akanaka kwazvo anobva kuguta reNordmark.
Kune zvakare makristasi emaminerari aya akaumbwa zvakanaka uye anobva kuMugodhi weKovdor paKola Peninsula muRussia. Nepo makristasi anoumbwa nehuwandu hukuru hwema striae anoratidzwa nekuve nezvikamu zvebudiriro anotangira kunyanya muguta reParachinar riri muPakistan.
Nezve kubviswa kwemagnetite mukondinendi yeAmerica, inotorwa muSouth America, kunyanya muCerro Huanaquino, Potosí muBolivia. Iko kune octahedral makristasi anowanikwa anoratidzwa nekuve nekupenya kunoshamisa uye nekuumbwa nenzira yakanaka kwazvo.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzine mukurumbira uko iyi mineral inogona kuwanikwa zvakare muNorway, Portugal, Spain, Thailand neMauritania.
Minerals iyo yakabatana nayo
Iri dombo rinowanzobatanidzwa neCalcite, Hornblende, Biotite, Flopopite, Talc, Hematite, Epidote, Apatite, Alamdine, Chlorite uye Pyrite inozivikanwa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve pyrite.
Kufanana nemamwe mamineral
Magnetite yakafanana nemaminerari akasiyana, asi anosiyana nekuda kweanotevera maitiro:
- Franklinite: ine simba rakanyanya kukwezvwa nemagnetic field uye ruvara rwayo rwunosiyana kubva padzvuku dzvuku kuenda kune dema.
- Spinel: Iyo haina kukwezvwa kune magineti uye ine vitreous luster uye white streak.
- Ilmenite: Isimbi nhema muruvara uye ine simbi kana sub-metallic sheen. Haina simba remagineti.
- Chromite: Inoratidzwa nekusasimba magineti uye iri pakati pekupenya uye opaque, ine dema, brownish dema uye simbi inopenya.
- Post-magnetite pseudomorph hematite: Iine simba remagineti risina simba.
Shandisa
Iyi simbi yakakosha yemaminerari inoumbwa nemakristasi anoumba zvakanaka kwazvo, izvo zvinoita kuti zvitaridzike zvakanyanya, kunyanya kune vanhu vakazvipira kuunganidzwa kwemaminerari. Kunyangwe mune zvesainzi, ibwe iri rinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya, sezvo rine simba remagineti.
Sechinhu chekuvaka, chinoshandiswa seyepamusoro-density natural aggregate mukongiri, kunyanya yekudzivirira radiological. Iyo inoshandiswawo mumaindasitiri boilers, nekuti iri musanganiswa wakagadzikana kwazvo pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Kunyangwe kugadzikana kwayo pakupisa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti ive inodzivirira yemukati meiyo boiler machubhu, ndosaka kurapwa kwemakemikari kuchiitwa mumaindasitiri boilers. Kuti ugadzire zvidimbu zvinoenderera zveiyi mineral munzvimbo yemukati yemachubhu.
Chinhu chinonakidza chemagnetite ndechekuti ine magnetoreception, inova kugona kwezvimwe zvipenyu kuona kwainoenda uye kwakanangana neiyo magnetic field. Ndokusaka magnetite inoshandiswawo nemhuka dzakasiyana siyana kuzvitungamira, seshiri nenyuchi.
Zvakare zvakare inoshandiswa nema molluscs kuzvitungamira mukufambisa vachishandisa simba renyika remagineti. Kunyanya nema molluscs eChiton genus, ane chimiro chakafanana chaizvo nerurimi runozivikanwa se radula, iyo yakafukidzwa ne denticles yakaputirwa mune iyi mineral. Pamusoro pekufarira pakukuya chikafu.
Imwe yemhuka dzine twumatombo tudiki mumiromo yadzo kuti dzitarise, ihangaiwa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve hematite.
energetic properties
Iyo magnetite muchirevo chematombo, inorondedzerwa sechinhu chakanaka kwazvo chekuporesa pasi uye zvakare kuve kwemunhu wega wega. Pamusoro peizvozvo, yakanakira kukwezva kugadzikana uye kubudisa simba rakanaka uye manzwiro akanaka.
Munhu ane magnetite anogona kuona zvakajeka zvakamupoteredza. Kuwedzera kujeka, kugara uye zvakare kukwanisa kudzora manzwiro ako zvirinani, nekuti zvichadzikamisa masimba asina kunaka, nokudaro kudzivirira kunetseka.
Nenzira iyi, chirevo chemweya chebwe iri ndechekutsigira kutungamirirwa kwemanzwiro asina kunaka kuti avabvise uye kuunza mafungiro akanaka anopa hutano hwepfungwa uye kuenzanisa kwakakwana.
Kuporesa zvivakwa
Magnetite dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa nevanhu vane matambudziko ekufema, akadai seasthma. Inoshandiswawo seimwe nzira yekurapa yekuchengeta ganda uye kuderedza kuzvimba.
Vamwe vanokurudzira kuisa magnetite pamusoro pemusana wemutsipa. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachifunga kuti inogonawo kuiswa pamusoro penheyo yemuzongoza kana imwe mubatanidzwa uko kune rumwe rudzi rwemarwadzo. Mukuwedzera kune izvozvo, inogona kusiiwa pedyo nevanhu pavanenge vakarara. Sezvo zvichibatsira kudzikamisa marwadzo ehusiku.
Sezvawakwanisa kuona, kune akawanda mabasa emagnetite, zvese zvinoenderana nekuti ndeipi yakakunakira iwe, kuti iwe ugone kuve neiyi inonakidza mineral. Kana iwe wakafarira ruzivo mune ino chinyorwa, iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda nezve dombo rekristaro.