Penguin imhuka diki dzakanaka kwazvo, dzinogara dzichikwezva kutarisa kwedu, nekuda kwekufamba kwavo kwakanaka uye kunaka kwemvere dzadzo, nekuti, kunyangwe dziri shiri, hadzina minhenga, asi zvirokwazvo hauzive kuti penguin inodyisa chii., ramba uchiverenga iyi post kuti uzive nezvazvo.
Mapenguin akadyei?
Mapenguin mhuka dzinoshamisa kwazvo, maererano nekudya kwavo, tinokuudza kuti vane maitiro akasiyana ekudya, izvo zvinoenderana nemhando uye nzvimbo yepasi paanogara, saka tinoda kuongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzepenguin dziripo uye. kuti madyiro avo chaiwo ndeapi.
Ko Kudyiswa kwePenguin zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemhando ipi?
Nezvemubvunzo wezvinodyiwa nemapenguin, chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kukuudza ndechekuti, sekutonga, vanodya hove uye madiki crustaceans anonzi krill. Zvokudya zvepenguin zvinowanzobatanidza krill, iyo imhando yecrustacean inofanana ne shrimp, squid nehove, kunyange zvazvo mhando imwe neimwe yepenguin icharatidza kudya kunoda zvingave zvakasiyana zvishoma.
Neizvi, zvakawanikwa ndezvokuderedza kukwikwidzana pakati pezvipenyu zvekudyisa mapenguin, zvichifarira kugara kwavo munzvimbo imwechete, kunyange zvazvo vachibva kumhuri dzakasiyana, panguva imwe chete sekurarama kwavo. Muchikamu chekupedzisira chechinyorwa ichi tichakuratidza izvo mapenguin anodya zvichienderana nemhando dzawo.
Madiki mapenguin marudzi anogara muAntarctic uye sub-Antarctic anodya zvakanyanya pakrill uye squid, uye mhuka dzinowanikwa mberi kuchamhembe dzinowanzofudza zvakawanda pahove.
Adélie penguins anodya zvakanyanya padiki krill, nepo chinstrap inofarira kudya hombe krill, panguva iyi, emperor uye king penguin vanodya zvakanyanya pahove uye squid.
Huwandu hwechikafu mukudyisa kwePenguin
Mari yacho inoenda kune vanoverengeka, maererano nehuwandu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya, zvichienderana nezvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzavanowanikwa uye panguva dzegore dzatiri kureva. Huwandu hwese hweAdélie penguin hunogona kudya zvinosvika 1.500.000.000 kg, inova yakaenzana ne1.500.000 metric tons, yekrill, 115.000.000 kg, ingangoita 115.000 metric toni yehove, uye kg,3.500.000 mametric. squid pagore.
Penguin inodya sei?
Chinhu chakajairika ndechekuti mapenguin anodya mugungwa. Vazhinji vavo vanovhima pakati pe15,3 ne18,3 m, iyo inenge 50 kusvika 60 tsoka, kubva pamusoro pegungwa. Mamiriro anowanikwa dhamu anogona kushanduka zvichienderana nemwaka wegore watiri, uye zvichienderana nenguva yezuva.
Penguin dzinowana rubatsiro rwakakosha kubva muchiratidzo chavo pavanenge vachivhima mhuka dzadzo. Hazvisati zvazivikanwa kuti mapenguin anoona sei mhuka dzadzo murima rehusiku, kana kuti padzinodzika pakadzika dzika.
Masayendisiti akati wandei anofungidzira kuti mapenguin anobatsirwawo nekugona kweakawanda ocean squid, mamwe macrustaceans nehove kuburitsa chiedza nebioluminescence. Mapenguin zvino anobata mhuka dzadzo mumiromo yawo uye dzichimedza yose paanenge achituhwina. Mapenguin ane rurimi rwakafukidzwa nemaspike madiki, izvo zviri nyore kwavari kubata mhuka inotsvedza zviri nyore.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzepenguin dzinoita nzendo refu kubva kunzvimbo idzo nzvimbo dzadzo dziri mukutsvaga nzvimbo dzekuvhima. Chinhambwe ichi chinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwuri kutaurwa.
Adelie inogona kufamba makiromita gumi nemashanu, iyo inenge makiromita mapfumbamwe, kubva munharaunda yayo, uye avo vanokwanisa kufamba kure kure kunovhima ndimambo penguin anogona kufamba kusvika kumakiromita mazana mapfumbamwe, akaenzana nemakiromita anenge 15, kuti awane. chikafu . Emperor penguin inogona kubva pamakiromita 9 kusvika ku900, inova yakaenzana nechinhambwe chiri pakati pe559 kusvika 164 mamaira.
Zvisikwa uye Zvokudya
Ngatisiyanei makirasi uye nzira yekudyisa yepenguin:
Emperor penguin
- Mhando dzeAptenodytes forsteri
- Size 112 mukati (44 cm), 27-41 lb. (60-90 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri paAntarctic kondinendi, mukati memiganhu yechando pack.
- Mhuka dzavo ihove nesquid
- Zvikara zvavo ingwe seal, killer whales uye skuas.
- Huwandu huripo hwakapoteredza 238.000 kuberekana vaviri vaviri
Mambo Penguin
- Mhando dzeAptenodytes patagonicus
- Size 94 mukati (37 cm), 13.5-16 lb. (30-35 kg)
- Nzvimbo yavo yekugara iri pazvitsuwa zveAntarctic uye peninsulas, ivo vanowanzodya mumvura isina ice.
- Mhuka dzavo itsigi nehove
- Mhuka dzinokara ingwe seal, skuas, giant petrels, gulls nenjiva dzeAntarctic.
- Huwandu hwevanhu vakuru parizvino vangangoita 2.000.000
adelie penguin
- Mhando dzePygoscelis adeliae
- Size 46-61 in. (18-24 cm), 3.5-4.5 lb. (8-10 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri paAntarctic kondinendi, mukati memiganhu yechando pack.
- Mhuka dzavo dzinonyanya krill, asi dzinodyawo squid nehove.
- Zvikara ingwe seal, skuas uye Antarctic njiva
- Huwandu hwayo hunosvika 2.370.000 vakaroora
gentoo penguin
- Mhando dzePygoscelis papua
- Size 61-76 in. (24-30 cm), 5.5-6.5 lb. (12-14 kg)
- Igaro rayo riri mumvura yesubantarctic uye antarctic; kazhinji inodzivirira ice pack uye makondinendi mahombekombe, kunze kweiyo iri pedyo neAntarctic Peninsula
- Mhuka dzavo ikrill uye squid.
- Zvikara zvinoti skuas, ingwe seal, Antarctic fur seal uye shumba dzegungwa
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino hwakapoteredza 387.000 pairs
Chinstrap Penguin
- Mhando dzePygoscelis antarcticus
- Size 46-61 in. (18-24 cm), 4 lb. (9 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara inowanikwa muzvitsuwa zveAntarctic neSouth America.
- Mhuka dzavo dzinowanzova krill nehove duku
- Zvikara zvinogara zvichidya ingwe seal, skuas nenjiva dzeAntarctic.
- Huwandu hwevanhu vakuru parizvino vangangoita 8.000.000
Rockhopper Penguin
- Zvisikwa zvekumaodzanyemba rockhopper, Eudyptes chrysocome northern rockhopper, Eudyptes moseleyi
- Size 41-46 in. (16-18 cm), 2.5-5 lb. (6 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri muzvitsuwa zvesubantarctic, zviri kumaodzanyemba kweFalkland Islands uye zvitsuwa zveChile neArgentina; muSouth Atlantic Ocean paGough Island neTristan da Cunha Islands uyewo kumaodzanyemba kweIndia Ocean neSão Paulo Islands.
- Zvavanodya kazhinji ihove, squid nekrill.
- Zvikara ishumba dzegungwa, skuas uye mazizi
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino hwakapoteredza 1.500.000 pairs
royal penguin
- Mhando dzeEudyptes schlegeli
- Size 66-76 in. (26-30 cm), 5.5 lb. (12 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro iri paMacquarie, Bishop uye Clerk zvinova zvitsuwa zviri muSouthern Ocean.
- Mhuka dzavo ndedze squid nekrill
- Zvikara zvisimbiso, skuas uye giant petrels
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino huri pedyo ne850.000 vakaroorana; vazhinji vevagari vemo vanogara paMacquarie Island
Antipodes Penguin
- Mhando dzeEudyptes sclateri
- Size 64 mukati (25 cm), 2.5-3.5 lb. (6-8 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri muAntipodes uye Bounty Islands yeNew Zealand.
- Mhuka dzavo itsigi nehove
- Zvikara ishumba dzemugungwa neshumba dzemugungwa
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino hwakatenderedza 130.000 kusvika 140.000 vanhu vakuru vanhu.
rockhopper penguin
- Mhando dzeEudyptes chrysolophus
- Size 51-61 in. (20-24 cm), 4.5 lb. (10 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara inowanikwa pazvitsuwa zvesubantarctic muAtlantic uye Indian Oceans.
- Mhuka dzavo ndedze squid nekrill
- Zvikara ingwe seal, Antarctic fur seals, skuas uye Antarctic njiva.
- Huwandu hwayo nhasi hunosvika 9 miriyoni vakaroorana.
fiordland penguin
- Mhando dzeEudyptes pachyrhynchus
- Size 61 mukati (24 cm), 2.5-3 lb. (6-7 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri muzvitsuwa zvesubantarctic uye New Zealand.
- Mhuka dzavo dzinowanzova hove diki, crustaceans uye cuttlefish.
- Mhuka dzinodya mhuka dzinoti seal, stoat, idzo hama dzemashavi, uye weka, idzo dziri shiri dzenjanji.
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino hunofungidzirwa pakati pe5.000 ne6.000 vakuru
Snares Penguin
- Mhando dzeEudyptes robustus
- Size 64 mukati (25 cm), 2.5-3 lb. (6-7 kg)
- Nzvimbo yekugara iri kumaodzanyemba kweNew Zealand muSnares Islands (ese mukati me3 square km)
- Zvavanodya kazhinji krill, squid nehove.
- Zvikara ishumba dzegungwa
- Huwandu hwayo parizvino vanopfuura 62.000 vakuru
yellow eyed penguin
- Mhando dzeMegadyptes antipodes
- Size 76 in. (30 cm), 6 lb. (3 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweNew Zealand.
- Zvavanowanzo dya ihove ne squid.
- Zvikara ishumba dzemugungwa nezvikara munzvimbo inorwisa nhiyo
- Huwandu huripo hunofungidzirwa pakati pe5930 ne6.970 vanhu vakuru
Magellanic Penguin
- Mhando dzeSpheniscus magellanicus
- Size 61-71 in. (24-28 cm), 5 lb. (11 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro inowanikwa muMalvinas Islands uye kumahombekombe eChile neArgentina.
- Mhuka dzavo dzinowanzova hove diki necuttlefish.
- Zvikara ishumba dzemugungwa, ingwe seal uye makava ePatagonian
- Huwandu hwazvino hunosvika 1.300.000 vakaroora
Cape Penguin
- Mhando dzeSpheniscus demersus
- Size 61-71 in. (24-28 cm), 3 lb. (7 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri mumvura dzeSouth Africa
- Mhuka yavo inowanzo, pamusoro pezvose, anchovies uye sardines, asiwo dzimwe hove, squid uye crustaceans.
- Zvikara zvinosanganisira fur seal, southern sea shumba, octopus, sharks, sacred ibis, uye gull.
- Huwandu hwayo hwazvino hunofungidzirwa kupfuura 52.000 vakuru
penguin yebhuruu
- Mhando dzeEudyptula minor
- Size 41–45 cm (16–19 in.), inenge 1 kg (2 lb.)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara iri kumaodzanyemba kweAustralia neNew Zealand.
- Chavanodya kazhinji ihove diki.
- Zvikara ishumba dzemugungwa, zvisimbiso, imbwa, katsi, ferrets uye stoats
- Huwandu hwevanhu huripo hunofungidzirwa kuve husingasviki miriyoni imwe muAustralia
Humboldt penguin
- Mhando dzeSpheniscus humboldti
- Size 56-66 in. (22-26 cm), 4 lb. (9 kg)
- Nzvimbo yaro yekugara inowanikwa pazvitsuwa zvekumadokero kweSouth America, uye pamwe nemahombekombe ePeru neChile.
- Mhuka yavo ianchovies, inova rudzi rwehove diki
- Zvikara ishaki neshumba dzegungwa
- Huwandu huripo hunosvika pakati pe2.500 ne9.999 vanhu vakuru
Galapagos Penguin
- Mhando dzeSpheniscus mendiculus
- Saizi 53 cm (21 in.), inenge 2.5 kg (5-6 lb.)
- Nzvimbo yaro iri muGalapagos Islands.
- Chavanodya kazhinji ihove diki.
- Zvikara zvinodya shark, mazizi, mhakure, katsi nembwa
- Huwandu hwevanhu huripo hunofungidzirwa kuti hunopfuura 1.200 vakuru
Ndezvipi zvikara zvinodya penguin?
Munzvimbo yeAntarctica, kunova kunogara mapenguin mazhinji, chikara chikuru chepenguin imhuka yemugungwa ine hukasha uye ine mazino makuru, tiri kutaura nezve ingwe chisimbiso. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwechikara chikuru ichi, mapenguin anofanirwa kushambira nekukurumidza kuti akwanise kupukunyuka kubva kune ingwe zvisimbiso inogara ichiedza kuvhima ivo vari mumvura, ndosaka vakatove vatuhwi vakanaka kwazvo. kana vasingadi kuparara.
Great Skuas, inonziwo skuas, inodya vana penguin uye dzimwe nguva vanoba mazai epenguin kubva mumatendere avo. Shark uye mhondi whale ndeimwe kutyisidzira kune mamwe marudzi kana marudzi emapenguin anogara mumvura inodziya.
Kana waifarira chinyorwa ichi, iwe ungangodawo kuverenga: