Chokwadi unenge uchitoziva kukura kwakaita nyika yemakwenzi nemiti. Kune marudzi akawanda, marudzi uye marudzi akasiyana, imwe neimwe ine maitiro ayo. Pakati pemiti inogara yakasvibira kana yakasvibira, mikuru mikuru kana miti yakasvibira, nemiti yemichero kana isina michero, runyoro rwakakura.
Kuti tisapedze hupenyu hwese tichivanyora vese, isu tichataura nezvazvo mune ino chinyorwa. pamiti yakasvibira, kana miti yakasvibira. Iwo miriwo inokosha zvikuru ine yakakwirira yekushongedza kukosha. Kunze kwekutsanangura zvavari uye kuti chii chavanonyanya kuita, tichataurawo nezvemimwe mienzaniso yemhando dzemhando dzakakurumbira dzeboka iri.
Chii chinonzi miti yakasvibira?
Tisati tataura nezvemimwe mienzaniso yemiti yakasvibira, ngatitangei tatsanangura kuti miti yakasvibira chii, inozivikanwawo se miti yakasvibira. Kutaura zvazviri, miriwo iyi ndiyo iyo Ivo vanonyanya kuzivikanwa nekusimba kwemashizha avo. Nepo miti yakasvibira ichirasa mashizha apo kutonhora kunosvika, iyo inogara yakasvibira inoichengeta yakasvibira gore rose.
Nemamwe mazwi: Zvisikwa zveboka iri haarasikirwe nemashizha awo ese kana tembiricha inotanga kudonha. chikamu chimwe chete chemashizha emiti iyi chinofa gore negore. Kazhinji, nhungirwa diki dzezvirimwa izvi dzinorarama uye dzinoguma dzaita chikamu chemuti nekubatanidza mashizha atokura uye matsva anobuda muchirimo. Nenzira iyi, mukombe hauzombove nechitarisiko chisina kuchena.
Kutenda nekuramba uye kusimba kwemashizha, miti yakasvibira yakakurumbira zvikuru pakushongedza mapaki nemapindu. Navo tinowana nzvimbo yekugara tichitarisa ruvara rwakanaka rwegirini. Inogonawo kushandiswa kuvhara dzimwe nzvimbo kana kuwana mumvuri mumazuva anopisa ezhizha. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tinokwanisa kusiyanisa pakati pemhando mbiri dzakasiyana: Yakapamhama inogara yakasvibira uye yakasvibira yakaita setsono. Tichakurukura navo zvakadzama pazasi.
Yakakura miti yakasvibira miti
Iyi subcategory ye evergreen miti Inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuva nemashizha akafara kana akafara, sezvinoratidza zita rayo. Kunyange zvakadaro, mashizha anochengetwa kwegore rose, sezvo achiri kubata nemarudzi anogara akasvibira.
Mazhinji emhando idzi anowanikwa kunzvimbo dzeequatorial nenzvimbo dzinopisa. Ikoko, mamiriro ekunze anobvumira miti kuti isvike hukuru hwakakura, hurefu hwakasiyana uye materu. Kunyanya nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, mhando dzemiriwo idzi dzinotora chiedza chese uye chikafu chinowanikwa munzvimbo yavakasimwa. Nechikonzero ichi, zvinomera hazviwanzo kukura patsoka dzayo, sezvo zvisingakwanisi kukura.
Kunyange zvazvo ichokwadi ichocho munzvimbo dzakadzikama dzepasi mhando iyi yemuti haina kuwanda, Hongu, tinogona kuwana mamwe marudzi. Mamwe akanyanya kusimba muorivhi uye holm oak. Sezvatinoswedera pedyo nenzvimbo dzinotonhora, nhamba yemashizha akasvibira akareba inoderera zvakanyanya.
Miti yakasvibira yakaita setsono
Chimwe chikamu chidiki ndechetsono-seyakasvibira. Hunhu hukuru hwemhando dzeboka iri ndehwekuti mashizha ayo akatetepa, akarebesa uye akaita chikero kana setsono. Kazhinji kazhinji, mashizha anowanzo kuvharwa neresin. Pakati pemiti yemiti ine maitiro aya, mupaini, maconifers uye yew anomira pamusoro pezvose.
Idzi evergreens Dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzinotonhora. sezvo dzichinyanya kutsungirira kutonhora kwakadzika uye chando. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi vanowanzoitika munyika dzakadai seSiberia kana Scandinavia, somuenzaniso. Tinogona zvakare kuwana rudzi urwu rwezvinomera mumakomo marefu eAmerica, Europe neAsia, uko mamiriro ekunze anowanzo kutonhora.
Chii chinonzi miti yakasvibira?
Kune miti yakawanda inogara yakasvibira inozivikanwa nhasi. Kuti muwane zano, isu tichataura zvishoma mhando dzakakurumbira weboka iri.
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)
Pakati pemiti inonyanya kufarirwa inogara yakasvibira pane yakakurumbira Scots pine. Ndiyo imwe yemhando yemiti yakawanda kwazvo muNorthern Hemisphere. Pakati pemaitiro ayo makuru mashizha ayo akasvibira akafanana netsono, kureba kwayo nehuni. Inogona kuyera mamita makumi mana kana kudarika. Mukuwedzera, ine hunde yakakora kwazvo. Iyo zvakare inomira kunze kwekukura nekukurumidza uye kugara kwenguva refu, izvo zvinopa iyo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, hukuru hwehupfumi uye hwekutengesa kukosha.
Nezve maruva emipaini, iwo echirume akareba masendimita matatu uye anoonekwa mumaspike anogadzirwa nemaruva eyero. Chechipiri, vakadzi vanowanzokura mumakoni maviri akamira kusvika aguma arembera pamuti.
Muorivhi (European wave)
Imwe yemiti yakakurumbira inogara yakasvibira muorivhi. Muchokwadi, iwo ndiwo wakasarudzika muti weMedithera wakakosheswa zvakanyanya kubva kare. Saka hazvishamisi zvibereko zvayo zvinonaka, maorivhi, namafuta awo zvinobva pazviri. Kutaura idi, ndiko kushandiswa kukuru kwainopiwa: Kurimwa kwemiorivhi, zvose zviri zviviri kuwana muchero unodyiwa uye kugadzira mafuta omuorivhi akakurumbira. Zvisinei, ihwowo miriwo yakakurumbira zvikuru mumapaki nemapindu, nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwekushongedza, kushorwa kwayo kukuru uye nyore kwekudyara.
Ndiwo muti wekukura uyo Inogona kuenzana kusvika mamita gumi kureba. Mashizha erudzi urwu ane ruvara rwakati dehwe uye ane greyish-green muruvara. Kana ari maruva, aya akachena muruvara uye anokura ari masumbu. Zvibereko zvemuti uyu zvinogona kuva nedenderedzwa kana kuti oval shape uye yakakura kana duku, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
Uyewo misipiresi ndeimwe yemiti yakakurumbira inogara yakasvibira. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kushongedza magadheni nemapaki, ingave seruzhowa kana sechidziviriro chechisikigo chekudzivirira kubva kumhepo. Mukuwedzera, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuriwo uyu zvinoshandiswa kurapa mamiriro panguva huni hunokosheswa zvikuru mukuveza, kugadzira makabati uye kuveza.
Iyi arboreal mhando inokwanisa kusvika pakureba kusvika pamamita makumi matatu. Mashizha awo anokura ari matavi, akaita chikero, uye kazhinji akareba mamirimita mashanu. Kana dzanyatsokura. mashizha anoguma akasviba girini, compact uye dense. Imhando ye dioecious ine maruva emarudzi maviri. Hadzi dzinobudisa tunhu tudiki tunochengeta mhodzi, nepo dzechirume dzichisiyaniswa neruvara rweyero.
Magnolia (magnolia grandiflora)
La magnolia grandiflora, inozivikanwawo se magnolia kana magnolia, inowanikwa kuNorth America. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwayo ndeyekushongedza, zvichiita kuti ive mhando inokosheswa zvikuru mumapindu nemapaki. Inomira pamusoro pezvose nokuda kwemaruva ayo makuru, machena ayo anoyevedza zvikuru. Uyezve, vanopa kunhuhwirira kwakanaka. Kutumbuka kunoitika mukupera kwechirimo uye/kana kutanga kwezhizha. Kunyange zvazvo chiri chokwadi kuti hachigari kwenguva refu, maruva acho anooneka achitevedzana, achipa pfungwa yokuti anogara achitumbuka.
Iyi isingaperi mhando inogona kukura kusvika inosvika mamita makumi matatu kureba uye inononoka kukura. Iwo muti wepiramidhi une yakawanda ramification kubva pachigadziko. Mashizha ayo anochinjana, anopenya egirini uye ane dehwe.
The cork oak (Quercus suber)
Ngatienderere mberi ne Quercus suber, inonyanya kuzivikanwa sekork oak. Muti uri pakati nepakati unozivikanwa zvikuru pakushongedza magadheni. Zvakadaro, inofarirwawo zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekork, sezvo makwati ayo achishandiswa kugadzira. Inogona kukura kusvika pamamita makumi maviri neshanu uye inobereka acorns ane mukurumbira, semimwe miti yakawanda yemhuri iyi. Kana ari mashizha, ivo vanochinjana, coriaceous uye nyore. Kazhinji dzinoyera kureba masendimita manomwe uye ruvara rwadzo rwakasvibira, divi repamusoro richisviba pane repasi.
The Bottle Tree (Brachychiton populneus)
Pakupedzisira isu tinofanirwa kuratidza muti wakarimwa zvakanyanya muAsutralia, iyo Brachychiton populneus, inozivikanwawo semuti webhodhoro. MuSpain inowanzowanikwa muCanary Islands uye pamwe nemhenderekedzo yose. Muti mudiki pane watataura kusvika pari zvino. Kukwanisa kusvika pahurefu hwemamita gumi kana mamiriro ari mugwara. Mashizha ayo akareba-refu uye akasvibira. Maruva ane ruvara rwakacheneruka rwepingi uye akaita sebhero.
Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yemiti yakakurumbira inogara yakasvibira nhasi, asi kune akawanda akawanda marudzi nemhando. Ndinovimba kuti ruzivo urwu rwave runonakidza kwauri.