Izwi reorthodox rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeruzivo uye rinogara rine chirevo chakafanana: tevera mutemo wakapihwa kana kuita zvinoenderana nemutemo wakapihwa, uye nekudaro unoonekwa se'wakarurama'.
Mitemo yemitemo inotevedzwa neorthodox, kana seti yemaonero kana maonero anoonekwa se "akarurama," anonziwo orthodox. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi zvakanaka kuti orthodox chii.
Zvinorevei kuva orthodox?
Izwi rokuti orthodox rinobva muchiGiriki uye mhedzisiro yekubatanidza mazwi orthos-, chokwadi, uye -doxa, maonero. Nenzira iyi, munhu weorthodox anova munhu anozviti "maonero akarurama."
Kutaura zvazviri, kushandiswa kwekutanga kwenhoroondo kwezwi racho kwaiva muzana remakore rechina AD, neMadzibaba mana eChechi yechiGiriki kusvika siyanisa pakati peavo vanotevera dzidziso huru dzechiKristu neavo vanokurudzira kana kuti vanoomerera pane dzakasiyana-siyana (“vanyengeri”) dudziro neshanduro dzekunamata kwechiKristu ("vanyengeri").
Ehe saizvozvo, Izvi hazvireve kuti orthodox inofanana ne "chaiyo" kana "chakanaka", asi kuti "chinyakare".. Semuyenzaniso, pfungwa dzechinyakare dzinotangira pane zvakatotangwa, dzichiremekedza zvakagara dzagadzikwa.Inogona kuva itsva, asi inogara ichidaro maererano nezvaimbogamuchirwa, pasina kutsauka munzira yayo.
Mune izvi zvakasiyana kubva kune dzidziso dzakatsauka, izvo zvakapesana chaizvo: inoramba izvo zvakasimbiswa uye inopa maonero matsva kana nzira itsva. Izwi iri rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune zvematongerwo enyika, zvechitendero, uye zvehupfumi, ndima yeruzivo iyo, kunyatsojeka, ine maonero akawanda anopikisana uye dzidziso dzakawanda dzinoda chokwadi.
dzidziso dzechitendero
Mundima yechitendero, inonzi orthodoxy kune izvo zvitendero kana mapazi echitendero anoomerera kutsika dzekare uye achiramba dzimwe shanduro dzemazuva ano kana kududzirwazve kwezvitendero, vachida kuomerera kutsika dzechitendero “dzechinyakare”.
Naizvozvo, zvakajairika kutaura nezvazvo dzidziso dzechiJudha dzeOrthodox. Semuyenzaniso, kutaura kune zvakanyanyo chengetedza uye zvakaomesesa misiyano yechitendero netsika dzechiJuda sekunamatira zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kumishoni yekare, kunyange kuramba zvakanakira hupenyu hwanhasi.
Zvakare yakataurwa ndeye chiKristu cheOrthodox. Kunyange zvazvo munyaya iyi inoreva Eastern Christian Church, Orthodox Apostolic Catholic Church, mutsauko wechiKristu wakave wakanyatsobatanidzwa neWestern Catholicism panguva yeEast-West kupatsanurwa kweChikunguru 16, 1054 Separation, chiitiko chakachinja zvakanyanya zvematongerwo enyika. landscape. , magariro nechitendero chechiKristu.
Chechi iyi inozviona semugari wenhaka asina kuputsika wechitendero chekare Jesu weNazareta, nevateveri vane 225 kusvika ku300 miriyoni pasi rose, kunyanya kuEastern Europe uye kwaimbove nzvimbo dzeByzantine Empire, saka, pane zvishoma gumi nemana kana gumi nemashanu maOrthodox. Imwe yemakereke isingacherechedzi humwe chiremera chechitendero kunze kwechayo.
dzidziso dzehupfumi
Muhupfumi, panguva iyi, dzidziso (inozivikanwawo se "traditional economics"). inonzwisiswa senzira yechinyakare yekudzidzisa hupfumi, iyo inopindura kune neoclassical mirairo ye microeconomics uye macroeconomic mazano aJohn Maynard Keynes (1883-1946), mune iyo inonzi neoclassical synthesis.
Inosiyana nehupfumi hwenhema, pakuti inotsvaga nzira yakasiyana kune chokwadi chezvehupfumi, zvose munzira iyo vanonzwisisa nayo nyaya uye muhuzivi huri pasi hwavanotsigira. A) Hongu, orthodox economics inonzwisisa hupfumi sesainzi chaiyo iyo mitemo yayo inogona kunzwisiswa, kuyerwa, uye kuitwa, kubhejera pakugadzirisa maitiro evanhu kuti vawane kuenzana (rationality-individualism-balance).
Nekune rimwe divi, hupfumi hwehunyengeri hunoona hupfumi sesainzi yemagariro avo vatambi vanoratidza kuzvibata uye kusingatarisike maitiro anokodzera kunzwisiswa kubva munhoroondo (institution-history-social structure).
Orthodox uye heteroorthodox
Vanyengeri chinhu chisiri chechokwadi, saka manyepo uye chakaipa. Munyengeri munhu asingabvumirani kana kusabvumirana nedzidziso nezvitendero zvechimwe chitendero, kana nepfungwa inogamuchirwa inogamuchirwa kana tsika yechero dzidziso.
Saka kana uchiti chinhu chisiri chechokwadi, unoreva chimwe chinhu chisingateveri chero mutemo wechinyakare, chinhu chisina kujairika, chechinyakare, chinogamuchirwa, chinhu chinyengeri. Rinorevawo chimwe chinhu chisiri chekare, chekare, kana chekare. Unorthodox maitiro anogona kureva maitiro asina kudzidza kana maitiro, maitiro kana zviito pasina kufunga kwekutanga kana huchenjeri.
Chii chinonzi Orthodox mumunda wechitendero?
Orthodoxy, sekutaura, ine chekuita nekururama kana chokwadi: ndosaka ichidzivirirwa nenhengo zhinji dzenharaunda. Zvinhu zvakabva pamisimboti iyi yeothodox zvakaonekwa sekunyepa, zvakaziviswa nevashoma.
Munzvimbo yechitendero, orthodoxy inoreva kuremekedza imwe dzidziso. Unogona kutaura Chechi yeOrthodox yeKatorike yeApostora, chikamu chechiKristu chine vateveri vanopfuura mamirioni mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu. Pakati peboka iri pane Chechi yeOrthodox yeRussia, inotungamirirwa naPatriarch weMoscow. Kazhinji, misiyano iri pakati peEastern Orthodox nechechi yeRoma Katurike hainyatsonzwisiswi. Nekudaro, kune yekupedzisira, yekutanga inotsigira mbiru dzinotevera:
- Haatendi muMweya Mutsvene waBaba neMwanakomana, chete mune wekutanga.
- Anoramba kuvapo kweinonzi purigatori.
- Wokutanga anokorwa mashoko haazivi kana kuziva kuti ingava sangano kana kuti ungano ipi.
- Muchitendero cheOrthodox, kushandiswa kwemhando ipi zvayo yezviridzwa zvemimhanzi hazvigamuchirwi. Kunyanya, inofanira kuitwa chete nezwi revatori vechikamu.
- Usabheje nekuti kuna Pope ane simba pamusoro pevamwe vese. Nekuda kwaro, Chechi yeOrthodox inoisa mabhishopi ose pamwero mumwe chete.
- Imwe yemisiyano mikuru pakati pemasangano maviri echechi ndeyeiyo muChechi yeOrthodox varume vakaroora vanogona kurairwa, nepo muRoma zvinorambidzwa zvachose.
- Izvo zvinofanirwawo kucherechedzwa kuti zvidhori zvevasande zvinorambidzwa zvachose muChechi yeOrthodox. Uye ndiyo mifananidzo ye3D inorambwa zvachose. Saka pachinzvimbo vanogona kuve nekupenda kana mosaics, semuenzaniso.
Kune chikamu chayo, the dzidziso dzechiJudha dzeOrthodox anonyatso kuomerera kuHalachah uye anopokana nekuvandudzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kuchitendero chake. Ndokusaka ichionekwa sebazi rinonyanya kuchengetedza rechiJudha. Pakupedzisira, "Orthodoxy" ibhuku rakanyorwa naGK Chesterton (1874-1936) rakabudiswa muna 1908. Mubasa iri, munyori anorangarira chiKristu, vachiedza kutsanangura kuti vatendi vakauya sei kuchitendero uye nei.
Ndinovimba wawana ruzivo urwu runobatsira, uye kana wanga uine kusava nechokwadi nezvechinonzi Orthodox, ndazviwanira iwe.