Patagonian Mara igonzo rakakura kwazvo rinowanikwa muArgentina Patagonia chete. Imhando yemhuka ine murume mumwe chete ine mugodhi wayo pasi pevhu uye inodya zvakanyanya nehuswa. Chitarisiko chayo chinowanzovhiringidzika neyetsuro. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve rodent iyi, tinokukumbira kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga chinyorwa ichi.
Patagonian Mara
Munharaunda yePatagonia kuArgentina kunogara mhuka yakada kufanana netsuro, asi chokwadi ndechekuti igonzo rine hukuru hwakakura. Tiri kutaura nezve mara, chisikwa chinogara chiripo, chine mukadzi mumwe chete uye chinodya urasha icho, sembwa, chinowanzogara kuseri kweshure, nemberi kwayo yakatambanudzwa.
Iyo mara, ine zita resainzi rinonzi Dolichotis patagonum, imhando yemakonzo emhuri yeCaviidae, inozivikanwa zvikuru sePatagonian mara, Patagonian hare, uye Creole hare, kunyangwe isiri chikamu chehurongwa hwechokwadi hares (Lagomorpha) .
Inoonekwa seimwe yemakonzo makuru pasirese, ane avhareji uremu hwemakirogiramu masere anogona kusvika kusvika 8 makirogiramu. Ndiyo imwe yemhuka dzinoyamwisa dzakafanana neArgentina iyo, kunze kwekunge yakakura, ine makumbo marefu uye akasimba ayo anoshandisa kumhanya nekukurumidza kana inonzwa ichitambudzwa.
Hunhu hwepanyama
Tsanangudzo yakapfava yePatagonian mara inoshanda kuti iwane pfungwa yezvimiro zvayo zvemuviri:
- Yakareba: kubva 60 kusvika 75 centimita.
- Weight: kubva 9 kusvika 16 makirogiramu.
- Fur: gobvu greyish brown.
- Musoro: Nehuwandu uye maziso makuru, nzeve dzakareba uye mhepo yakadzika, yakatenderera. Muromo wekumusoro wakatsemuka.
- Extremities: mutete. Dzakazotevera dzakakura kudarika dzemberi; uye ratidza zvigunwe zvina zvipfupi kumberi uye zvitatu kumashure, pamwe nemapedhi akaputika ekutsigira.
- cola: pfupi uye yakavanzwa nemvere. Kumuromo hakuna bvudzi.
Habitat
Mara anogara mumapani asina mvura uye asina chinhu kumadokero, nechepakati, uye kumaodzanyemba kweArgentina uko kune makwenzi ane minzwa chete, miriwo, uye makwenzi. Kugoverwa kwayo kwadzikira nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwenzvimbo yayo yekugara, kunyanya mubani rePampas uye munzvimbo dzemahombekombe, nekuda kwekukura kwemaguta.
Social structure
Mamiriro avo emagariro anotsanangurwa nemamiriro avo emukadzi mumwe chete, izvo zvisingawanzo kuwanikwa pakati pemakonzo, sezvo achiroorana kwehupenyu hwose, nokudaro achiwedzera kubudirira kwavo kubereka. Vaviri ava vanouya kuzotora nzvimbo inosvika mahekita makumi mana, hutiziro hwavo huri pasi pevhu uye vanowanzoivaka vachitora mukana wematendere akasiiwa aimbocherwa nedzimwe mhando dzemazizi ePatagonian.
Mukono unowanzo kutevera hadzi, ichiidzivirira kubva kune vakwikwidzi uye nezvikara. Imwe pfungwa yenzvimbo haina kujeka, asi varume vanoita kunge vane hierarchical dominance system.
Vana maras vanopedza yakawanda yenguva yavo vaine mumwe wavo, vachienda kunoshanya vari vaviri. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva dzinofamba dziri mumapoka makuru ezvienzaniso 70 kana kuti kupfuura mukutamira kunzvimbo dzemadhamu uko kune zvokudya zvakawanda.
Zvokudya
Imhando ine mukurumbira, nekuti inodya huswa uye mamwe miriwo, uye inogona kurarama isina kunwa mvura nekuda kwemetabolism yayo.
Kusvirana uye Kubereka
Kuti vapfimbe vavakaroorana navo, varume vanofanira kuisa nhamburiko huru yokuvatandanisa kwenguva refu. Kudivi radzo, hadzi dzinouya mukupisa kota yoga yoga kana mwedzi mina. Maras anowanzo kubereka mwana mumwe chete kusvika ku1 pamarara, ane vana vatatu kana vana gore negore uye kubata pamuviri kunogona kutora mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu.
Vana vanokura mumugodhi wenharaunda, wakavakwa nemaras pachawo, kunyange zvazvo vachikwanisa kugadzirisa zvakare akasiiwa nedzimwe mhuka; semuenzaniso, vizcacha. Mudzimba dzakadaro vanaamai vanosvika gumi nevashanu vanogona kutarisira marara avo.
Dzinokura nekukurumidza uye dzinogona kutanga kudya uswa mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana kubva pakuchechenya. Zvisinei, dzinoramba dziri mugomba kusvika dzava nemwedzi mina, ukuwo vanaamai vanoendako kakawanda pazuva vachidziyamwisa. Mazamu emakonzo aya anoiswa kune rimwe divi kuti akwanise kuyamwa mavana akagara. Nenzira iyoyo, havaregeredzi kutariswa. Pashure pemwedzi misere, mara anenge agadzirira kubereka kutsva
Makore ekurarama
Mukutapwa, maras anogara achirarama kubva pamakore mashanu kusvika ku5, zvisinei nekuti zvienzaniso zvave zvichizivikanwa kurarama makore anopfuura gumi nehafu.
Maras muKutapwa
Patagonian Maras inowanzo kurerwa munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka kana semhuka dzinovaraidza, zvisinei nekukodzera semhuka yemusango. Vakamutswa kubva pakuzvarwa, vanoshamwaridzana zvakanyanya nevanhu, uye vanorerwa zvakanaka muutapwa. Zvikasadaro vanowanzoita chiitiko cheusiku kudzivirira kushamwaridzana.
Kuchengetedzwa kwePatagonian Mara
Huwandu hwesango hwave huchidzikira pasinei nekuti mara haana kunyorwa semhuka dziri kutyisidzirwa kana kuti dziri panjodzi yekutsakatika. Matunhu ese ePatagonia anoinyoresa semhuka yakachengetedzwa. Kuderera kwehuwandu hwayo kunobva pazvinhu zviviri zvikuru:
- Kurasikirwa kwenharaunda nekuda kwekusimudzira kwekurima nemaindasitiri uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu.
- Kukwikwidzana kwezvokudya neEuropean hares ( Lepus europaeus ), iyo yakaunzwa kuSouth America nemunhu.
Dunhu reArgentina reMendoza rakazvitema sechiyeuchidzo chedunhu nemutemo Nha. 6599 yakabvumidzwa muna Chivabvu 12, 1998.
Zvimwe Zvinoshamisa zvePatagonian Mara
Ichinzwa ichitambudzwa, mara inogona kumhanya nekukurumidza makiromita 60 paawa, ichikwanisa kusvetuka zvine hungwaru, ndosaka vakawanda vachiikoshesa setsuro. Uye ndezvekuti nekufamba kumwe chete inogona kufamba anenge mamita maviri, iyo inobatsirwa nezvipikiri zvemakumbo emashure kuwana simba. Asi, chokwadi, rodent hombe iyi inowirirana zvakanyanya neguinea pigs, inozivikanwa seGuinea pigs, sezvo marudzi ese ari maviri emhuri yeCaviidae.
Mhuka iyi inoitawo basa rakakosha mukuita kwePatagonian ecosystems. Kuve mhuka inodya zvinofamba zvakanyanya, yakakosha pakufambiswa kwembeu kwenhambo refu, nekuda kwetsvina yayo. Sechokwadi chakakodzera, mara haanwe mvura, nekuti inowana iyo inodiwa hydration kuburikidza nemidzi yezvirimwa, iyo inokosha chikamu chekudya kwayo.
Mhuka Dziri Mungozi Yakasarudzwa SeMhuka Yezvipfuyo
Mara inosanganisirwa muchikamu che'Vulnerable by SAREM' (Argentine Society for the Study of Mammals). Pamusoro pezvikara zvinodya mara (puma, shiri dzinodya nyama uye mamwe marudzi emakava), muvengi mukuru waanawo iye zvino munhu. Zvikonzero nei vanhu vachiisa mhuka iyi panjodzi zvinosanganisira:
- Kurebesa kwekugara mumaguta, kudyara nemafuro.
- Kuvhima zvisiri pamutemo.
- Kugarwa kwenzvimbo yayo neEuropean hare.
Kune rimwe divi, rodent iyi yakajairana chaizvo nehupenyu hwekutapwa. Makore apfuura zvakanga zvakajairika kuiona munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, uye yaifamba-famba isingatyi pedyo nevanhu vaiuya kuzodziona. Nechikonzero ichi, muzviitiko zvakawanda, mara yakatorwa sechipfuwo.
Tinokurudzira izvi zvimwe zvinhu: