VaHuicholes idzinza rinogara kumadokero kwedunhu reMexico, kunyanya muSierra Madre Occidental yematunhu eNayarit neJalisco. Pachiitiko ichi, kuburikidza nechinyorwa ichi tichadzidza nezve iyo chaiyo uye inoshamisa Huichol zvipfeko.
Ko zvipfeko zveHuicholes zvinoratidzirwa sei?
Kuti uzive zvakadzama izvo zvinonyanya kuratidza tsika iyi, zvakakosha kuziva zvishoma nezvazvo. Naizvozvo, vaHuicholes sezvataurwa pamusoro ivanhu veko, vanogara nechepakati kumadokero kweMexico mumatunhu eJalisco neNayarit. Iri boka rinonzi "vanhu" (Wixarika), ivo imhuri yemutauro we-auto-Aztec unonzi waniuki (wixaritari).
Nzvimbo yeWixarika yakakamurwa kuva nzanga shanu, umo imwe neimwe yakazvimirira uye imwe neimwe ine vamiriri vayo vechitendero uye vehurumende. Vamiririri vehurumende ava vanotungamirirwa nemutungamiri anonzi "totohuani", anotsiviwa gore negore; uye vamiririri vechitendero vanova vaimbi kana vapristi (akate kana maraakames), basa ravo rekutanga kana chinangwa mukati menzanga yega yega ndeyekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza tsika dzeruzhinji rweWixarika (Huichol).
VaHuicholes (wixarika) iboka rinogutsikana zvikuru nehupfumi hwavanahwo setsika uye vanozvizivisa ivo pachavo nekushamwaridzana kwavo, kugamuchirwa uye kufara; Saizvozvowo, zvipfeko zvavo zvemavara zvinowanzoonekwa pakati pehuwandu hweWixarika.
Pasina mubvunzo, ichi ndicho chiratidzo cheWixaritari, kurova kwezvipfeko zvavo, asi pamusoro pezvose, inyaya dzengano dzekwakabva uye vanamwari vanopoteredza zvinhu zvose kubva kune zvipfeko kusvika kune zvishongedzo; Kazhinji izvi zvakashongedzwa nechiratidzo chekukosha kukuru kune iyi tsika, iyo yavakachengeta kubva kare.
Zvipfeko zveHuicholes zvinosiyana kubva mudunhu nedunhu, asi modhi yavo kazhinji inoshamisira uye yepakutanga, ine kugadzirwa kwakanaka uye ine akawanda nuances eruvara. Mukuwedzera pakupa maitiro ari pamusoro apa, zvishongo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvipfeko zveHuicholes, zvakadai semabhurekete, zvishongo, mabhegi, mabhegi, mabhanhire echiuno uye zvindori, izvi zvinoshandiswa nemaoko nemabheji kana mabhesi; pamwe nekusona zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomiririra mhuka kana miti inoshongedza zvipfeko, iyo iyo nzira yemuchinjikwa inoshandiswa.
Nokudaro, mumufananidzo wega wega wakagadzirwa nemaoko ane unyanzvi hwehutsika hweHuichol, kazhinji pasina kushandisa mold, maonero ezvisikwa zvemashiripiti anomiririrwa, umo murume anopfeka zvipfeko zvakanyanyisa kupfuura vakadzi pachavo.
Zvipfeko maererano nemunhukadzi
Izvi zvipfeko zveHuichol zvaive nemusiyano maererano nevakadzi nevarume, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chichatsanangurwa pazasi:
Huichol Zvipfeko zvevakadzi
Mukadzi anopfeka zvakapfava, neblouse pfupi muchiuno, siketi ine bhandi kana iwi ine mupendero wakashongedzwa pamucheto wezasi uye sekupedzisira kubata anovhara musoro wake nequechquemitl, iro gumbeze rine rectangular musoro kuvhura; zvakare, shandisa zvishongedzo senge pearl necklace.
Nguo dzose idzi dzakarukwa nenzira yechinyakare apo dzinotaura ngano dzekwakabva tsika nemagariro avo, upenyu hwenyama hwemadzitateguru avo uye nyaya dzemweya dzevamwari vavo.
Huichol Zvipfeko zvevarume
Sechikamu chetsika, chipfeko cheHuichol chine bhurukwa jena rakagadzirwa nemucheka wekotoni wevelvety, uye shati ine maoko marefu ine symmetrical pateni embroidery, iyo ine zvakare mhezi kumberi kwenzvimbo inovhara muchiuno nehupamhi hwemvere dzemakwai.
Mukuwedzera, murume weHuichol anoshandisa semubatsiri heti yemichindwe yakashongedzwa nemabheji kana mabhora eshinda, maruva neminhenga, yakasanganiswa netuwaxa kana sikavha yakasungirirwa pamutsipa inowira pamusoro pebakatwa, bhegi diki rakarukwa kana huaikuri, uye se shangu, vanopfeka huaraches; vanowedzerawo zvishongo sezvishongo zveparera uye zvichida mhete pawadhiropu yavo.
Vana vakuru vedhorobha vanopfeka sevabereki vavo, kusiyana nevadiki vanosara vasina kupfeka. Nenzira imwechete iyo zvipfeko zvevakadzi zvinoshongedzwa apo nhoroondo yedzinza ravo ine hukama, uye zvishongo zvakadai sepoyote, mhembwe, gondo uye chibage zvinoiswa.
Curiosities
Mabhegi akanaka akashongedzwa anoshandiswa nevarume veHuichol vane pre-eminence maererano nemumvuri weruvara rwavanotakura, sezvo maererano nemuvara wavo uye nhamba yemabhegi ayo munhu anotakura, inoratidza nhanho munharaunda yavanotakura.
Nokufamba kwemakore, zvakanyanya kuoma kuchengetedza tsika uye tsika dzetsika dzezvizvarwa izvi, zvichikurudzirwa nekugara kwemazuva ano kwenyika uye kushamwaridzana nayo; ndicho chikonzero zvipfeko zvavo zvakapfuura nekuchinja kwemazuva ano uye nzira yavanopfeka nayo yachinja, zvipfeko zvavo kudada kwavo kukuru uye vanozvipfeka saizvozvo.
Kana iwe wakawana chinyorwa ichi cheHuichol Clothing chinonakidza, tinokukoka iwe kuti unakidzwe nezvimwe izvi: