FeLV Virus: Zizindikiro, Kufala, Kapewedwe

FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus) Ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha retrovirus omwe amakhudza amphaka ndipo angayambitse matenda ena aakulu. Mtundu uwu wa khansa ya m'magazi umayambitsa immunosuppressive boma zimapangitsa mphaka kukhala tcheru ku matenda, kuonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha imfa.

Feline leukemia nthawi zambiri imakhudza amphaka kapena amphaka omwe amakhala panja nthawi yayitali. Kutha kupatsirana kwambiri kumapangitsa kukhala matenda enaake omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha amphaka. matenda ndi Felv  ndizowopsa kwa thanzi la mphaka wapakhomo chifukwa ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imatha kufooketsa kwambiri chitetezo chamthupi ndikupanga matenda omwe amatha kukhala ovuta kwambiri kwa nyama (matenda ndi zotupa, makamaka ma lymphoma).

Kodi matenda a FeLV ndi chiyani?

FeLV ndi wa banja la retrovirus kutanthauza kuti zimagwira ntchito mwa kupatsira maselo ndikuberekana mkati mwawo popanda kuzindikiridwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Leukemia yopatsirana imeneyi imakhudza makamaka achinyamata. Zimawononga chitetezo chamthupi cha nyama pochepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi. Mwa kusokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi, zovuta zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda zimatha kuchitika mosavuta mu nyama, kuyika pangozi thanzi lake ndi moyo wake. Komabe, Kukumana ndi kachilombo ka khansa ya m'magazi sikuyenera kukhala chilango cha imfa. Pafupifupi 70% ya amphaka omwe amapezeka ndi kachilomboka amatha kukana matendawa kapena kuchotsa kachilomboka pawokha.

Tsoka ilo, gawo lina la anthu omwe akhudzidwawo lingakhudzidwenso ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "regressive" matenda, ndiko kuti, ndi mtundu wa matenda "obisika" omwe sazindikirika ndi mayeso wamba, koma omwe angayambitse matendawa. Kuwongolera Chowona Zanyama za mphaka wapakhomo kumakhala kofunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi komanso moyo wabwino. amphaka bwinobwino amakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi amphaka omwe ali ndi kachilombo komanso matenda okhudzana ndi ndewu zamdera kapena kukhalira limodzi ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndizofala kwambiri. M'mawu ena, chachikulu kwambiri chiwerewere mphaka wathu umapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wopatsirana. Choncho chenjerani ndi mphaka amene amakonda kuyendayenda m’munda kapena mumsewu komanso amene amakopeka ndi ndewu komanso kumenyana ndi anzawo, makamaka ngati asokera.

Zizindikiro za FELV

ndi Zizindikiro za Feline Leukemia Virus Zitha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri, koma kawirikawiri zimatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:

• kwambiri panleukopenia
• myelodysplasia
• neuropathy
• lymphoma
• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• kufooka
• kusachita bwino, kusowa chilakolako
• kusowa tsitsi
• nkhama zotuwa
•  mtundu wachikasu mkamwa
• woyera m’maso
• ma lymph nodes owonjezera
• kupuma movutikira
• stomatitis
• Thupi
• Kutopa
• kuonda
• immunosuppression.

Kupsinjika kwa chitetezo chamthupi kumawonjezera mwayi wa mphaka kutenga ma virus ndi mabakiteriya zomwe zingayambitse:

• Vomit
• matenda otsekula m'mimba
• jaundice
• matenda opuma
• zotupa pakhungu
• lymphoma
• kutuloji
• kukomoka.

The FeLV positive mphaka imathanso kukhala yopanda zizindikiro kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka, mpaka chitukuko chathunthu cha matendawa.

Kupulumuka kwa kachilomboka m'chilengedwe

Kachilombo ka FeLV kamakhala kosavuta kwambiri m'chilengedwe, pulumuka mphindi zochepa chabe, ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo wamba (monga bulichi) amaipha mosavuta, koma imakhudzidwanso ndi zotsukira, kutentha, ndi kuyanika. Ngati mudakhala ndi mphaka wa FeLV + yemwe wapita, simuyenera kupha nyumba kapena kudikirira miyezi ingapo musanatenge ina!

Kusintha kwa FeLV

Kachilomboka kamalowa m'mutu oronasally kapena pakamwa mpaka mphuno. Zitha kupezeka mu zotsekemera monga mamina, malovu, magazi, ndi mkaka wa mphaka. Kachilomboka kakalowa m'thupi, zimakhudza mafupa ndi ku maselo omwe amachititsa kupanga leukocyte omwe ali mbali ya chitetezo cha thupi.

Kachilombo ka FeLV kakhoza kufalikira kuchokera ku mphaka wina kupita ku wina kudzera kupyolera mu kusinthana kwa madzi a m’thupi monga malovu, magazi, ndi kutuluka m’mphuno kapena m’maso. Kusamba (kunyambita) ndi kumenyana (kupiringa) kumawoneka ngati njira zofala kwambiri zofalitsira matenda. Ana agalu amatha kutenga matendawa mu chiberekero kapena kudzera mu mkaka wa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amafalitsidwa ndi amphaka omwe amaoneka kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino, choncho ngakhale mphaka akuwoneka wathanzi, akhoza kutenga kachilombo ndipo amatha kupatsirana kachilomboka.

M'zaka 25 zapitazi, kufalikira kwa FeLV kwachepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kubwera kwa zoyezetsa matenda ndi kufalikira kwa katemera.

Kodi amapatsira anthu?

Kodi tingateteze bwanji mphaka wathu ku kachilomboka?

sunga mphaka wako M'nyumba ndipo kutali ndi amphaka omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndi njira yotsimikizirika yomulepheretsa kutenga khansa ya m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, katemerayu atha kuperekedwa kwa amphaka omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chowonekera, monga omwe amatuluka panja kapena kukhala m'misasa kapena m'midzi. Amphaka okhawo omwe alibe FeLV ayenera kulandira katemera, ndipo omwe adalandira katemerawo ayeneranso kuyezetsa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka.

Kuyezetsako kuyenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa masiku 30 kuchokera pamene munthu akuwonekera. Ichi ndi chifukwa pali zosiyanasiyana za mavuto azaumoyo zomwe zingagwirizane ndi kachilomboka.

Amphaka kapena ana amphaka atsopano opitilira milungu isanu ndi itatu ayenera kuyezetsa kachilomboka asanalowe m'banja la amphaka ambiri. Madokotala ambiri amalangiza motsutsa lowetsani mphaka watsopano m'nyumba pamene alipo un mphaka zabwino kwa FeLV ndi chiopsezo cha kutenga matendangakhale katemera. Kuonjezera apo, kupsinjika kwa wobwera kumene kumatha kusokoneza kwa mphaka wa FeLV-positive.

Kuwonjezera pa samatenthetsa kwa amphaka zakuthengo, njira yokhayo yopewera FeLV ndiyo katemera amphaka am'nyumba ndi amphaka omwe amakhala m'magulu amphaka. Nthawi zambiri, katemera wa Felv samateteza ku matenda, koma amalola mphaka yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka kukhala aviremic mu nthawi yochepa, ndiye kuti, osati kupatsira amphaka ena.

Kuzindikira kwa Feline Viral Leukemia

Kuzindikira kwa labotale komwe kumachitika kudzera mu kuyezetsa magazi kwachibale ndikofunikira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito "kuyezetsa mwachangu" kosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku SNAP TEST, komwe ndi magazi ochepa amalola kuzindikira nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilombo kokha ngati pali viraemia yopitilira. PCR m'magazi kapena m'mafupa mosakayikira ndi yochuluka kwambiri odalirika chifukwa imazindikiritsa kachilomboka motsimikiza.

Mayesero ena a khansa ya m'magazi

Veterinarian wanu amatha kudziwa matendawa poyesa magazi osavuta otchedwa ELISA, omwe amazindikira mapuloteni a FeLV m'magazi. Mayesowa ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo amatha kuzindikira amphaka omwe ali ndi matenda oyambirira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti amphaka ena amachotsa matendawa m'miyezi ingapo ndikuyesa kuti alibe.

Kuyezetsa kwachiwiri kwa magazi, IFA, kumawona momwe matendawa akupitira patsogolo ndipo amphaka omwe ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa mayesowa sangathe kukhetsa kachilomboka. Kuyezetsa kwa IFA kumachitidwa mu labotale, osati ku chipatala cha vet. Nthawi zambiri, amphaka omwe ali ndi IFA amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali.

Felv amatha kupezeka ndi veterinarian, pochita zoyezetsa zachipatala. Nthawi zina, kuti atsimikizire matenda, mayeserowa akhoza kubwerezedwa pambuyo pake.

Mitundu yayikulu ya matenda a FeLV mwa amphaka:

1. Neonatal: Mayi wodwala amapatsira ana ake kachilomboka asanabadwe kapena kudzera mu mkaka wokhala ndi kachilomboka.
2. zobisika: Nyama yathanzi ikakumana ndi zotulutsa monga misozi, malovu, ndowe ndi mkodzo womwe uli ndi kachilombo.

Chithandizo ndi katemera wa feline khansa ya m'magazi

Feline khansa ya m'magazi imakhudza kwambiri amphaka achichepere, makamaka amphaka osochera kapena akunja. Mbali ina ya amphaka omwe amatenga kachilomboka amatha kuthetsa kachilomboka modzidzimutsa ndikukhala ndi chitetezo, ngakhale kuti nthawi ya chitetezo chachilengedweyi sichidziwika. Komabe, amphaka omwe chitetezo chamthupi sichimakula, kachilomboka kamalowa m'thupi, makamaka kachilomboka mafupa, kumene maselo a magazi ndi amene amayang’anira chitetezo cha m’thupi amapangidwa.

Palibe chithandizo chotsimikizirika cha matenda a khansa ya m'magazi, koma pali mankhwala othandizira (monga mankhwala omwe amathandiza ntchito ya chitetezo cha m'thupi) zomwe zingathandize kukulitsa nthawi ya moyo wa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, mphaka wa FeLV-positive akadali mphaka wokhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a neoplastic ndi matenda opatsirana, komanso nyama yokhala ndi moyo waufupi kuposa mphaka wathanzi.

samalira iye

Monga mothandizidwa ndi retrovirus, palibe machiritso enieni. Poganizira kuti kachilomboka kamakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesa sungani mphaka ali ndi thanzi labwino kupewa chitukuko cha matenda achiwiri kapena matenda.

Komabe, a kuyendera Chowona Zanyama nthawi zonse komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chodziletsa chingathandize amphakawa kumva bwino kwakanthawi ndikuwateteza ku matenda achiwiri. Mayeso amthupi apakati pachaka, kuyezetsa ma labotale, komanso kuwongolera tizilombo kumatha kupewa zovuta ndikuzindikira zovuta mwachangu.

Amphaka onse omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka FeLV ayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba ndi kutayidwa.

Choncho, pakali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a FeLV. Matenda achiwiri amatha kuchiritsidwa momwe amawonekera, ndipo amphaka omwe ali ndi khansa amatha kulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy. Komabe, matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri kwa amphaka omwe ali ndi mafupa osokonezeka kapena omwe ali ndi lymphoma.

FeLV prophylaxis:

Pali katemera amene amapereka chitetezo chabwino. Komabe, katemera wa FeLV sagwira ntchito pazinthu zabwino. Kulumikizana ndi amphaka athanzi kuyenera kupewedwa mwanjira iliyonse. Inde, Sangabwere kumalo omwewo, kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi a zinyalala omwewo kapena kumwa ndikudyera m'mbale wamba.

Pakadali pano pali fayilo ya katemera wa Felv  ( amphaka okha omwe amayesa kuti alibe angachite izi) omwe ndi gawo la katemera wotchedwa "non-core", ndiko kuti, osati kukakamiza, koma akulimbikitsidwa ngati kukhalira limodzi m'madera kapena malo omwe ali ndi kuyenda kwakukulu kwa mphaka kapena ngati nthawi yambiri idutsa panja, chifukwa izi zimawaika pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka. Choncho, lamulo lothandiza kwambiri ndi kupereka katemera kwa mphaka wanu ngati moyo umene umakhala nawo ungachititse kuti atengeke ndi mphaka zina zomwe zingatenge matendawa. Chitetezo china chofunikira ndi Kuyendera kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa veterinarian woyamba. Choncho, matendawa amatha kudziwika kuyambira pomwe akuwonekera. Pankhani ya khansa ya m'magazi, makamaka, zakudya zoyendetsedwa bwino ndi mankhwala oyenera zingathandize mphaka kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wathanzi.

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala enieni a Felv, ngakhale n'zotheka kuchita chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimawonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa mphaka ndi Felv. Kutalika kwa moyo wa mphaka wa FeLV positive (kapena FeLV+) kumadalira pazifukwa zingapo monga zaka, chikhalidwe cha thanzi, kukhalapo kwa matenda ena ndi siteji ya matenda pa nthawi ya matenda, koma kuneneratu kumasinthasintha mu vuto lililonse mwatsoka.

Kuphatikiza pamankhwala olondola a pharmacological, omwe amafotokozedwa ndi veterinarian pambuyo pakuwunika kwachipatala, Kufufuza pafupipafupi ndikofunikira zomwe zimalola veterinarian kuwongolera thanzi la mphaka, motero amapewa kuoneka kwa ma pathologies owopsa.

Kodi mungatani pa mphaka wanu wa asymptomatic FeLV+?

Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala omwe atha kuthetsa kachilomboka, koma pali zida ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera moyo komanso nthawi ya moyo (kutalikitsa gawo la FeLV). Kuti mphaka wa FeLV ukhale ndi moyo wabwino komanso wautali, umafunika:

• Zakudya zabwino,
• pewani kupsinjika,
• sungani m'nyumba ndi kutentha (komanso kupewa kupatsira amphaka ena kunja omwe alibe katemera),
• pewani kukhudzana ndi amphaka omwe ali ndi matenda aliwonse opatsirana,
• palibe nyama yaiwisi ndi mkaka (ophunzira a FeLV + ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha ma pathologies ochokera ku mabakiteriya ndi majeremusi omwe angakhalepo muzakudya). Ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze chopondapo komanso / kapena kuchotsa nyongolotsi nthawi ndi nthawi,
• nthawi zonse muzipereka katemera wa trivalent, koma m'pofunika kutero ndi katemera wosagwiritsidwa ntchito,
• Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa vet (miyezi 6 iliyonse pakalibe zizindikiro) ndi chidwi chapadera pakamwa, maso, ma lymph nodes, khungu, kulemera kwa thupi (ndikofunikira nthawi ndi nthawi kuyang'ana kulemera kwa thupi chifukwa kuchepa thupi nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro choyamba kukulirakulira. za matenda).
• Magazi ovomerezeka amawerengera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse (kusokonezeka kwa magazi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda) ndi kuyesa koyambirira kwa magazi ndi mkodzo pachaka.
• Chenjerani ndi zotheka maonekedwe a lymphoma, red blood cell aplasia, stomatitis, matenda mwayi. Kuthandizira koyambirira kwamankhwala kumawonjezera mwayi wopambana.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala a immunosuppressive (mwachitsanzo, corticosteroids) pokha pokha posonyeza mkhalidwe weniweni wa mphaka (ngati muli ndi stomatitis kwambiri, ndi bwino kutulutsa mano onse m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids).
• Kupatsirana kumalimbikitsidwa, kwa amphaka onse omwe angathe kupirirabe opaleshoni (mwinamwake mwa kutenga njira zingapo zodzitetezera, monga kupereka maantibayotiki oyenerera pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ndi kupanga mbiri ya magazi asanayambe kuchitidwa opaleshoni musanapereke opaleshoni); Ndikoyenera ngakhale kupeŵa kupsinjika kwa mahomoni komwe mphaka wosathenedwa amakumana nawo.

Nanga bwanji Interferon kwa FeLV?

Palibe deta yotsimikizika pa phindu lomwe limachokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunomodulators monga interferonkoma atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosatekeseka. Feline omega interferon amatha kusintha tsogolo ndi kupulumuka, koma maphunziro ochulukirapo akufunika pankhaniyi. Mulimonsemo, zawoneka kuti sizowopsa kwa mphaka komanso kuti zingathandize kuti zigwirizane bwino, koma monga ndafotokozera bwino, zonsezi zimachokera ku ziwerengero ndi malingaliro a anthu omwe azigwiritsa ntchito, koma pali palibe umboni wa sayansi..