Kowa ya san su kuma kowa ya ci aƙalla ɗaya a rayuwarsu: muna magana ne game da hamburger, watakila sanannen sanwici da abincin azumi ta hanyar kyau. Ya yadu a duniya, musamman godiya ga sarƙoƙi kamar McDonald's (a wannan batun, muna ba da shawarar kallon fim ɗin. Founder by John Lee Hancock), kuma a yau mun same shi a cikin bambance-bambancen dubu, daga nama na gargajiya har sai vegan.
Amma, menene ainihin abin da ke ɓoye a bayan irin wannan gasasshen naman da aka yi amfani da shi tare da latas, tumatir da albasa, kuma yana tare da dutsen soyayyen Faransa? Idan ba ainihin abin da Amurka ta kirkira ba fa? Bari mu gano m labarin hamburger, wanda da yawa ke iƙirarin su ne suka kirkiro ta.
Hamburger yana da farkon Jamusanci
Mu fara wannan tafiya da za ta kai mu ga fidda wani tarihi mai cike da rugujewa na daya daga cikin shahararrun jita-jita a duniya, wanda ga dukkan alamu akwai mutane akalla goma sha biyu da suka yi sabani a kan fifikon kirkire-kirkire da rarrabawa. Ina zan fara, to? Tun daga farko, kuma don wannan dole ne mu koma 1891, a cikin Alemaniadaidai a cikin birnin Hamburg.
Kuna lura da wani kamanni? To, a gaskiya, da alama wani hamburger ne ya ƙirƙira shi Otto Kuasw, mai dafa abinci Bajamushe cewa ya yi kokarin fitar da tsiran alade daga cikinta, ya baje, ya soya shi da man shanu. Amma babban ra'ayin shine Saka shi tsakanin yanka biyu na burodi.
Bisa ga gyare-gyaren tarihi (da wasu almara), wannan sanwici - wanda aka fi sani da "nama na Jamus" - ya fara samun shahara tsakanin ma'aikatan tashar jiragen ruwa da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Hamburg, saboda ya kasance mai girma. abinci mai sauri da dadi. Kuma mafi mahimmanci, ya kasance mai dadi sosai.
Amma ta yaya wannan naman naman tsiran alade, da kyau da ƙasa da santsi a tsakanin yanka biyu na burodi, ya isa Amurka? To, Hamburg ita ce babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Jamus, kuma daga nan ga alama, a cikin 1894, wasu ma'aikatan ruwa da suka yi sa'a don gwada wannan abincin, da zarar sun isa New York, sun yi magana game da sandwiches na Kuasw. A wannan lokacin, masu dafa abinci na gidajen cin abinci a yankin sun fara shirya wannan sandwich ga masu jirgin ruwa ... don haka, girke-girke, wanda aka sani da Hamburger Yankin, wato, nama na "waɗanda daga Hamburg".
Akwai kuma maganar asalin Rasha...
Wani nau'i mai kama da wannan labarin - wanda ko da yaushe kallon birnin Hamburg a matsayin jarumi - ya nuna cewa, a gaskiya, shi ne Mongoliya, a cikin karni na XNUMX, waɗanda suka yada al'adar minced nama: ga alama sun ajiye wasu "appetizers" a ƙarƙashin sirdin dawakai, don naman ya zama taushi yayin hawa kuma, idan ya cancanta, sun cire shi daga ƙarƙashinsa. sirdi da voilà… sun riga sun ci abinci mai kyau ba tare da sun sauka daga doki ba!
Khubilai Khan, jikan ba wani sai Genghis Khan, da alama ya yada wannan bakon al'ada lokacin da ya mamaye birnin Moscow, a fili yana kawo al'adunsa da al'adunsa. Wannan al'ada ta haka ne 'yan Rasha suka karbe shi, wadanda suka fara kiranta steak tartare. Amma menene alakar Rasha da Hamburg? Bisa ga wannan sake gina tarihi, da jiragen ruwa na Rasha ne, sabili da haka, a cikin karni na XNUMX ya kawo girke-girke na steak tartare zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na Hamburg, inda akwai 'yan tsirarun Rasha masu rijista, har zuwa cewa. An yi wa birnin Jamus lakabi da "tashar jiragen ruwa na Rasha".
Kuma tun da ba zai ragu ba... Amurkawa ma suna ikirarin su ne na farko
Kamar yadda tare da ketchup, saboda haka alama "official" cewa hamburger ba a Amurka aka haife shi ba kuma tana da dangantaka ta musamman da birnin Hamburg na Jamus. Amma menene ya faru da girke-girke da zarar ya isa Sabuwar Duniya? A nan ne, a gaskiya ma, labarin ya fara samun rikitarwa sosai, kuma mutane da yawa sun yi jayayya game da marubucin girke-girke ... za mu yi magana game da uku daga cikinsu, waɗanda aka yi la'akari da su "wanda aka amince da su", amma, a fili, ba haka ba ne. har zuwa gare mu mu yanke shawarar wanene tabbas asalin hamburgers da mahaliccinsu.
Idan za ku tambayi halin Wisconsin inda aka haifi sanwici mafi shahara a duniya, amsar za ta kasance a bayyane. Ba daidai ba ne cewa birnin Seymour ya kira kansa da "gidan burger", domin a fili, a cikin 1885, wani takamaiman Charles Nagreen, ɗan asalin wannan garin, ya ƙirƙira hamburger na zamani na farko a tarihi. Dangane da wannan sake ginawa, Nagreen mai shekaru 15 ya buɗe rumfa a kasuwar baje kolin Outagamie County yana siyar da dumplings. Kasuwanci, duk da haka, ba ta da kyau, saboda naman nama ba su da dadi don cin abinci yayin tafiya a kusa da bikin ... don haka, a cikin wani lokaci mai ban sha'awa, saurayin ya yi tunani. Ka daidaita su, sanya su a tsakanin sandwiches guda biyu kuma ka kira su "burgers".
Burger Hall of Fame
Kuma ga alama shi ne zabin da ya dace, tunda duk shekara yakan dawo ya sayar da sana’o’insa a wurin baje kolin, yana samun gagarumar nasara, har aka yi masa lakabi da “Hamburger Charlie”. Kasuwancin ya ci gaba har zuwa 1951, shekarar mutuwarsa, amma takensa - Burgers, Burgers, Burgers masu zafi; albasa a tsakiya, pickle a saman. Yana sanya bakinka ruwa: don jawo hankalin mutane su sayi sandwiches, ya riga ya kafa tarihi. A yau, a gaskiya. Wisconsin yana alfahari da samun wani Burger Hall of Fame kuma tana shirya, a kowane watan Agusta, bikin sadaukar da kai ga wannan abinci mai sauri, tare da abubuwan da suka faru kamar "faretin manyan hamburgers a duniya". Mai nasara? A yanzu rikodin yana riƙe da ɗaya daga cikin kilo 5.520 wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin 1989.
’Yan’uwan Manches sun ci Hamburg, wannan lokacin a New York
Mun koma Canton, Ohio, kuma muna yin shi a cikin shekara 1885. Anan muka hadu da 'yan'uwan Frank da Charles Manches, wanda ke gudanar da kasuwanci yana siyar da gasassun tsiran alade a kan da'irar gaskiya. Labarin yana da cewa yayin da suke shirin sayar da sandwiches ɗin su a wurin Kasar Erie Gaskiya, a birnin Hamburg, a Jihar New York, sun kare daga naman alade a ranar da aka yi la'akari da zafi sosai don yanka dabbobin kuma suna kula da amincin naman su (a ce ba don amfanin dabbar ba sai don jin dadin naman su). .
Amma lokacin da bukatar ta taso... ’yan’uwan biyu ba su ƙyale kansu su karaya ba kuma suka nemi wata hanya dabam. Rsun maye gurbin naman alade da naman sa, suna wadatar da shi da kofi, sukari mai launin ruwan kasa da gasasshen albasa, tare da sanyawa halittarsu suna hamburger don girmama Hamburg, birnin da aka gudanar da bikin baje kolin.
To...wane ne ya ƙirƙira hamburger?
Sigar da aka fi amincewa da ita (duk da cewa duk sun yi ƙoƙarin kwace fifikon masu ƙirƙira) ita ce wadda ta tabbatar da cewa a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX. a cikin jiragen ruwa dauka ta Turawa ƙaura daure don Amurka, don adana lokaci da kuɗi, sun yi hidima murran lemu gasasshen tsakanin yanka biyu na burodi. Jiragen sun kasance wani ɓangare na layin hamburg y se yana ɗauka cewa sanwicin ya samo sunansa daga can.
Daga baya, da zarar sun sauka a Amurka, masu hijira sun ci gaba da shirya waɗannan ƙwallan nama masu arha, suna kiran su hamburger nama sa'an nan suka rage shi zuwa suna mafi sauƙi. burger, wanda a cikin Jamusanci yana nufin "daga birnin Hamburg". A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, wannan abinci mai daɗi da sauƙin ci (ana iya jin daɗinsa a ko'ina, a kan benci, a ofis ko ma a kan tafiya) ya zama sananne a duk faɗin duniya. Amurka.
Louis Lassen da abincinsa na Louis
Duk da haka, wani daga cikin fitattun ka'idoji shine wanda aka aiwatar Louis Lassen da kuma Wagon Abincin LouisAn buɗe a cikin 1895 a New Haven, Connecticut. Musamman? Gidan abincinsa ya kunshi a Wagon Abinci, wani irin karamin keken hannu wanda ke siyar da karin kumallo da abinci ga ma'aikata. Amma me yasa wannan wurin ke alfahari da ƙirƙirar hamburger na farko a tarihi?
A fili rana mai kyau a ciki 1900, abokin ciniki ɗaya yana cikin gaggawa musamman kuma yana neman abincin rana mai sauri. Legend yana da cewa Lassen ya ɗauki ragowar fillet ɗin da ya rage, ya nisa suDaga karshe kuma ya sanya su a tsakanin biredi da aka gasasshe guda biyu, domin wanda yake wakilta ya tafi da shi ya ci cikin kwanciyar hankali a hanya. Wannan shine ma'anar tipping: abokin ciniki ya yi farin ciki, kuma Lassen yayi tunanin ƙirƙirar girke-girke na ainihi daga wannan yunƙurin haɗari. Tun daga nan, ya ci gaba da hidimar hamburger da aka yi da shi Yanke nama daban-daban guda 5 da aka yanka da wuka sannan ta dahu simintin ƙarfe na musamman. Labarin Lassen an san shi bisa hukuma kuma Library of Congress ya kawo shi, wanda ya gane Louis Lunch a matsayin wurin da aka sayar da hamburger na farko a 1900.
Har yanzu akwai ɗimbin ƴan takara, kuma burgers har yanzu suna da hanyoyin da za su bi daga ƙarshen karni na 2022 zuwa XNUMX, daga sarkar White Castle wacce ta siyar da sandwiches na biyar. dinari, ko da McDonald's ko Burger King. Muna fatan wannan labarin ya zazzage sha'awar ku game da ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun gidajen cin abinci mai sauri a duniya, ana gudanar da kowane lokaci. 28 don Mayu kamar yadda Ranar Burger ta Duniya. Za mu yi biki tare da sanwici mai daɗi?Kuma game da gwada burger vegan fa?