Idan kuna son sanin magabatan da suka ɗauki matakai na farko tare da wannan tsarin ilimi, a cikin labarin mai zuwa za mu gabatar muku da marubutan littafin. ilimin halin dan Adam.
Menene Ilimin Halitta na Ilimi?
ilimin halin dan Adam, hade ne na ilimomi guda biyu, wanda aka sani da ilimin koyarwa da kansa da ilimin halin dan Adam, wanda ya haifar da: ilimin halin dan Adam.
Ilimin waɗannan ilimomi guda biyu sune tushen da marubutanmu na farko suka yi amfani da su, inda suka ba da fifiko na musamman kan wannan hanyar koyarwa.
Asalin Ilimin Ilimin Halitta
Tabbas, babu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa shekaru aru-aru da suka wuce, sun yi amfani da waɗannan ayyuka na ilimin halin ɗan adam.
Abin da aka sani su ne marubutan ilimin halin dan Adam, kasancewar manyan masu tunani na Girka waɗanda suka gina tushen waɗannan tushe, suna ƙayyade halayen ɗan adam.
Aristotle
Ya ce ya kamata ilimi ya kasance daya daga cikin bukatu na farko da jihar za ta biya ga kowane dan kasa. Nuna bambanci tsakanin ilimi ta hanyar ƙara darajar ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a, kamar yadda malaminsa, Plato, ya koya masa.
Santo Tomasi da Aquinas
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, friar, masanin falsafa da masanin tauhidi, farfesa, wanda bayan shekaru aru-aru, zai ɗauki waɗannan gardama game da koyo, wanda ya dage cewa ana samun ilimi a hankali.
Age na Renaissance da Humanism akan ilimin halin ɗan adam
Lokacin da shekarun Renaissance suka isa, marubutan ilimin halin dan Adam tare da tunani a cikin koyarwa, bisa aiki.
louis ka rayu
An yi la'akari da uban ilimin halin dan Adam na zamani, wanda ya shafi ra'ayoyi kamar motsa jiki, koyo ko koyarwar rhythms.
Juan Huarte na San Juan
Bayan haka, wannan marubucin ya zama sananne don rashin jituwa game da ilimin halin ɗan adam, a cikin fitattun marubutan ilimin halin dan Adam, masu tunani da basira da iyawa. Duba bincikensa na baya-bayan nan akan daidaitawar makaranta inda ta tabbatar da samuwar yanayi daban-daban da ake samun dan Adam a cikinsu da kuma iyakoki masu yawa.
Nova ko Sabon Kimiyya, ilimin halin dan Adam
Wannan shine lokacin da aka rubuta shi a cikin tarihi, yayin da ilimi ke bibiyar hankali da aiki bisa ilimi. Hankali yana amfani da iliminsa tare da marubutan masu zuwa ilimin halin dan Adam:
René Descartes
Har ila yau, an san shi da sunan Renatus Cartesius, masanin falsafa, mathematician da physicist, wanda asalin Faransanci, an gane shi a lokacinsa a matsayin Uban ilimin lissafi da falsafar zamani. Ayyukansa da aka fi sani da shi a kowane lokaci a matsayin jawabin Hanyar.
Juan Amos Comenius, a cikin Latin, Comenius
Wannan marubuci mai budaddiyar zuciya, wanda ya lallashi da muhimmancin ilimi a rayuwar dan Adam, ya rubuta “Magna Didactics", aikin da, ba tare da shakka ba, an dauke shi mafi mahimmanci a duk Turai, yana ba da fifiko ga nazarin harsuna, inda ya saki aikinsa na biyu, kamar yadda. Bude kofa zuwa harsuna.
Locke ko Hume
Yana daya daga cikin manyan wakilan empiricism, tare da Berkeley Falsafa koyarwa da aka raya a Ingila a kusa da karni na XNUMX da kuma XNUMXth karni, a takwaransa a Nahiyar Turai rationalism ya taso. Don haka igiyoyin ruwa biyu sun yi ta bunƙasa a Turai ta Zamani. Yi la'akari da kwarewa a matsayin babban tushen ilimi.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Wannan marubucin ilimin halin dan Adam, ya kasance: marubuci, malami, masanin falsafa, makada, masanin ilmin halitta da ilimin halitta, su kuma masu fada aji a lokacin sun gane shi a matsayin wayewa, wanda ya bayyana sabaninsa don haka ya rabu da wannan yunkuri.
Tunaninsa ko da yaushe yana karfafa koyarwar dabi'a, wanda ya ce dan'adam zai cimma yanayin yanayinsa; neman jagora a matsayin malami ta hanyar halitta.
Gudunmawa a Ilimin Ilimin Halitta
Tuni don lokutanmu ko mawallafin mu na zamani ilimin halin dan Adam kamar:
Johann Friedrich Herbert
Masanin falsafa na Jamus, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam da kuma ilimin koyarwa. Herbart ya yi fice a matsayin daya daga cikin magabatan juyin juya halin ilimi a Jamus, musamman dangane da farkon karni na XNUMX.
Ya yi fice a cikin ilimi na musamman, ya yi yaƙi don sake fasalin sassaucin ra'ayi kuma ya gudanar da ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfin muhawara game da ilmantarwa mai zurfi, ya gudanar ba kawai don gano matsalolin ilimi ba daga yanayin tunani amma har ma tare da goyon bayan kwarewa.
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
An san shi a cikin ƙasashen Mutanen Espanya kamar Enrique Pestalozzi, babban malami ne na Switzerland, malami kuma mai kawo sauyi, wanda ya yi amfani da manufofin wayewar yanzu zuwa ilimin koyarwa.
Ya tabbata cewa hanyar fita daga talauci da cin karo da al’umma ita ce samar da ingantaccen ilimi mai canza tunani da zukatan dan Adam.
John Dewey
Farfesa na Tarihi, Dewey shine masanin falsafar Amurka da aka fi sani a tsakiyar karni na XNUMX kuma, tare da Charles Sanders Peirce da William James, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa falsafar pragmatism.
Wakilin koyarwa na ci gaba a Amurka. Dewey ya rubuta game da fasaha, dabaru, ɗabi'a da dimokuradiyya, furucinsa yana goyon bayan ilimi da ƙungiyoyin jama'a.
Idan kuna son ƙarin bayani game da ilimin ilmantarwa theories Muna gayyatar ku don sake duba wannan hanyar haɗin yanar gizon, kamar yadda mai ban sha'awa.