Kwarin Sarakuna: makabartar Fir'auna

A yammacin gabar kogin Nilu, kusa da Luxor ne babban kwari inda fir'aunawan Masar na da suka yanke shawarar kafa necropolis kuma cewa a yau mun san kamar Kwarin Sarakuna.

Rayuwa bayan mutuwa wani abu ne mai mahimmanci a al'adun Masar na d ¯ a kuma rayuwa ta kasance tana shirye don wannan lokacin don isa ga sauran duniya. Misali shi ne kaburburan da fir'auna suka gina, don tabbatar da tsallakawa zuwa duniyar matattu da dawowa tare da fitowar rana.

Al'adun Masar da rayuwa bayan mutuwa

Masarawa sun yi tunanin haka Bayan mutuwarsa, ran mamacin ya yi tafiya zuwa lahira, inda ya yi fatan samun jikinsa da dukkan abubuwan da ya tafi da su. Zuwa kabari.

Duk wannan ya kai ga gane mai girma iri-iri na ibada gidan gawa da adana gawawwaki.

La mummification shine hanyar kiyaye jikin mutum yin hidima a lahira. Mashin jana'izar, sarcophagi tare da wakilcin matattu kuma cike da launuka zai taimaka wa ran marigayin don gano jikinsa.

Dole ne a samar da kaburbura da duk wani abu (abinci, taska, da sauransu...) wanda ya zama dole a lahira.

Kwarin Sarakuna

A lokacin Sabuwar Mulki (1539-1075 BC) wannan wurin zai zama wanda aka zaɓa don binne sarki Fir'auna. da iyalansu. An shirya kaburbura don wata duniyar, inda aka yi alkawarin ci gaba da rayuwar mutane kuma fir'auna za su zama alloli.

Este Wannan wuri ya kasance wurin da 'yan fashin kabari da masana tarihi suka fi so, wadanda suka shafe shekaru aru-aru suna nema a cikinsa kuma ya ci gaba da ba da mamaki.. Gaskiya ne cewa an wawashe da yawa daga cikin kaburburan da za su iya ɓoye a yau, duk da haka, abubuwan mamaki na iya bayyana, kamar yadda ya faru da gano kabarin Tutankhamen.

Wadanne sarakuna ne aka binne a wurin?

A yanzu, An gano kaburbura 65 a cikin kwarin, wasu daga cikinsu har yanzu ba a tono su ba wasu kuma sun yi suna sosai, kamar Kabarin Tutankhamun (kabari KV62).

A cikin kwarin an binne su Fir'auna na dauloli na goma sha takwas, na sha tara, da na ashirin. Ga farkon waɗannan dauloli na babban Thutmose I ne, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1504 zuwa 1492 BC. C. Shi ne sanannen sarki na farko wanda ya bar necroposis na Dra Abu el-Naga, inda sarakuna suka shirya kaburbura. Saboda haka, dole ne mu yi la'akari da shi a matsayin farkon wanda ya kafa wannan kwarin a matsayin necropolis.

Mai yiyuwa ne wannan kwarin asalin makabartar iyali ce, domin daga daula ta goma sha takwas ba wai kaburburan fir'auna ba kadai muka samu ba, har ma da kananan kaburburan 'ya'yan sarakuna, sarakuna da sarauniya, da kuma wasu manyan mutane na kusa da dangin Fir'auna.

Bayan kwarin Queens ya tashi, wannan panorama zai canza, Kuma ƙananan kaburbura za su ragu ƙwarai da gaske.

zai zama kaburburan Daular Goma Sha Takwas na karshe da aka samu saboda babban boyewar da aka yi da su. tikitinku. Abin da ya fi haka, Thutmose ni da kansa zai ba da hannun damansa, masanin gine-ginen sarki Ineni, ya gina kabarinsa a matsayin mafi girman sirri. Ineni da kansa zai yi alfahari da su yana mai cewa: ba wanda ya gan ni, ba wanda ya ji ni.

Wadannan Fir'auna, sabanin abin da ya faru a Tsohuwar Mulki sun bar shahararrun pyramids, da wuya a kare kaburbura don guje wa fashi kuma suka yanke shawarar binne kansu a wani wuri mai nisa, mai wuyar shiga kuma za a iya tabbatar da hutun su. Wurin da aka zaɓa shine Luxor.

Don babban dissimulation cewa sun yi la'akari da lokacin yin wadannan kaburbura, ya zama dole kara da cewa akwai zabtarewar kasa a kwarin da ya kara boye hanyoyin shiga. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa aka gano kaburburan Tutankhamun da Yuya y Tuya.

Daular XNUMX ta yanke shawarar mayar da babban birnin Masar zuwa Tanis, wani abu da ya sa aka manta da kaburburan wannan kwari.

Jerin sanannun kaburbura masu alaƙa da fir'auna ko dangi:

• KV1 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses VII na Daular XNUMXth
• KV2 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses IV na Daular XNUMXth
• KV3 kabarin dan Ramsses III na daular XNUMXth
• KV4 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses XI na Daular XNUMXth
• KV5 kabarin 'ya'yan Ramses II na daular XIX
• KV6 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses IX na Daular XNUMXth
• KV7 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramses II na Daular XNUMXth
• KV8 Kabarin Fir'auna Merenptah daga Daular XNUMXth
• KV9 kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses V da Ramesses VI na daular XNUMXth
• KV10 Kabarin Fir'auna Amenmeses daga Daular XNUMXth
• KV11 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramses III na Daular XNUMXth
• KV13 Kabarin Bay, Daular XNUMXth Canviller na Siptah
• Kabarin KV14 na Fir'auna Tausert da Sethnajt, Daular XNUMX-XNUMXth
• KV 15 Kabarin Fir'auna Sethy II, Daular XNUMXth
• KV16 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses I na Daular XNUMXth
• KV17 Kabarin Fir'auna Sethy I na Daular XNUMXth
• KV18 Kabarin Fir'auna Ramesses X na Daular XNUMXth
• Kabarin KV19 na Mentuhirjopshef, ɗan Ramesses IX, Daular XNUMXth
• Kabarin KV20 na Daraons Thutmose I da Hatshepsut, na daular sha takwas
• WV22 Kabarin Fir'auna Amenhotep III na daular sha takwas
• WV23 Kabarin Fir'auna Ay daga Daular Sha Takwas
• KV32 Kabarin Tiaa, mahaifiyar Thutmose IV na daular sha takwas
• KV34 Kabarin Fir'auna Thutmose III na daular sha takwas
• KV35 Kabarin Fir'auna Amenhotep II na daular sha takwas
• Kabarin KV36 na Maiherpi, mai martaba Nubian daga kotun Thutmose IV na daular sha takwas
• KV38 Kabarin Fir'auna Thutmose I na daular sha takwas
• KV39 mai yiwuwa kabarin fir'auna Amenhotep I na daular sha takwas
• KV40 Ma'ajiyar kayan kaburbura, mummy da kuma binne masu kutse daga baya, kabarin da aka yi kwanan watan daular Goma sha takwas.
• KV42 Kabarin Hatshepsut Meritra, matar Thutmose III, amma Sennefer, magajin garin Thebes ya yi amfani da shi a lokacin Amenhotep II, na daular sha takwas ne.
• KV43 Kabarin Fir'auna Thutmose IV na daular sha takwas
• Kabarin KV45 na Userhat, mai daraja daga zamanin Thutmose IV na daular sha takwas
• KV46 Kabarin Yuya da Tuya, surukai na Amenhotep III na daular sha takwas
• KV47 Kabarin Fir'auna Siptah daga Daular XNUMXth
• Kabarin KV48 na Amenemopet, wazirin Amenhotep II na daular sha takwas
• KV50, KV51 da KV52 Dabbobin Dabbobi (wataƙila dabbobin gida na Amenhotep II) daga Daular Goma sha Takwas
• KV54 Warehouse na kabarin Tutankhamen na daular sha takwas
• KV55 kabarin Tiy, matar Amenhotep II, kuma na Akhenaten, ɗan Amenhotep II na daular sha takwas.
• KV56 abin da ake kira kabari na zinariya, tabbas ɗan Seti II, na Daular XNUMX-XNUMXth
• KV57 Kabarin Fir'auna Horemheb na daular sha takwas
• KV58 Adadi daga kabarin Horemheb na daular goma sha takwas
• KV60 Kabarin Sitra A, Daular XNUMXth Hatshepsut ma'aikaciyar jinya
• KV61 fanko kabarin da ba a taɓa amfani da shi ba
• KV62 Kabarin Fir'auna Tutankhamun daga Daular Sha Takwas
• KV63 Deposit na ragowar kayan kaburbura daga Daular Goma sha Takwas
• KV64 Kabarin Gimbiya Na Daular Goma Sha Takwas Tare da Jana'izar Masu Kutse Daga Baya
• An gano kabarin KV65 a cikin 2008 kuma har yanzu ba a tono shi ba

Shahararrun kaburbura a kwarin Sarakuna

Akwai kaburbura 11 da za a iya ziyarta a kwarin Sarakuna, kodayake duk ya dogara da lokacin da muke da su, kuma ba duka a buɗe suke a lokaci guda ba. Wasu misalan wadannan kaburbura da ake iya gani su ne kamar haka:

Kabarin Ramses IV

Kabari mai mahimmanci, cike da fenti kuma babu shakka ɗaya daga cikin kaburburan da zai yi tasiri ga matafiyi. Kabari ne na ginshiƙai da ginshiƙai masu cike da launi da hieroglyphs. Tare da sararin taurari da sha'awar sani, ita kaɗai ce ke da matani daga littafin Nut.

Kabarin Ramses VI

Yana daga cikin kaburburan da aka fi kiyayewa ta fuskar adon bangon sa. Don wannan dole ne mu ƙara sha'awar ɗakin binnewa inda muka sami sarcophagus kuma an yi masa ado da rufin astronomical.

Kabarin 'ya'yan Ramesses II

Shi ne kabari mafi girma da aka samu a cikin kwarin, wato domin wannan fir'auna yana da 'ya'ya da yawa, wanda ya sa ake ci gaba da fadada shi. Ana ci gaba da gano kyamarori har yau.

Kabarin Merenptah

Wani babban kaburbura a cikin kwarin, cike da ginshiƙai da aka yi wa ado da al'amuran Littafin Matattu, Littafin Ƙofofi da Littafin Amduat, don isa ɗakin ƙarshe tare da sarcophagus.

Kabarin Tutankhamun

Babu shakka daya daga cikin fitattun fir'auna shine Tutankhamun, yaron sarki, wanda shi ma ya kafa kabarinsa a wannan kwari. Idan kuna son saninsa da kabarinsa, muna ba ku shawarar ku karanta: Kabarin Tutankhamun: Masar daga kabarin yaron sarki

Akwai fir'aunawan waɗannan dauloli waɗanda ba a gano kaburburansu ba kuma waɗanda ke barin kofa a buɗe ga sababbin bincike. a cikin kwarin ko kuma a wani yanki na kusa.