El morphological analysis, explain the form, category and class at the grammatical level of each of the words in a sentence. This is related to parsing but does not consist of the same study.
Table of Contents
- 1 What is morphological analysis?
- 2 How is it used?
- 3 Origins and history
What is morphological analysis?
El morphological and syntactic analysis, has similar but not the same elements. Since the first focuses on studying the class and in turn category at the grammatical level of each of the words that are part of a sentence. Meanwhile, the syntactician seeks to determine the functions of the words found in a sentence.
Morphological and syntactic analysis go hand in hand, since both carry out studies of the words found within the sentence, but they do not really fulfill the same function.
How is it used?
If you want to perform a morphological analysis, you must have a sentence as your primary resource. It is necessary that you take each of the words and proceed to determine which category each one of those that make up the sentence has.
After this we can make a morphological analysis as an exercise To get a concrete idea of this type of analysis:
The white bird flies
El: is an article, feminine, singular.
Bird: this is a noun, of feminine gender, also singular.
White: It is part of the adjectives, feminine, singular.
Flying: this word is a verb to fly, in addition to that, it is spoken in the third person singular. In addition to this, in the present indicative tense.
Are morphosyntactic analysis and morphological analysis the same thing?
If there may be any relationship that links the morphological analysis with the syntactic. This is because there are really no limitations to both forms of analysis.
When this type of grammatical situations are carried out, the analysis becomes morphosyntactic, since in the union of both forms of study of the syntagm and morphological word.
Word classes in morphological analysis
In the first place, to correctly perform a morphological analysis of all the aspects that go into the sentence. Which in turn are related to all the categories that bring grammatical elements as an indication. The way to identify them is as follows:
Determinant
Determiners are described as words that are accompanied by a noun. All this, with the intention of generating information about the element that is being talked about in the sentence.
These are divided into: gender, number, situation that determines the space and in turn possession. We must bear in mind that there are different types of determinants, which are the following:
Related
They are composed of the determinative elements that are he, the, the and the. On the other hand, indeterminatives are made up of one, one, ones, ones.
demonstrative
This is specifically based on determining the proximity or, in any case, the distance that the noun possesses. That is why, it is divided into the following: this, this, that, that, that and that.
Possessives
It focuses on identifying who the elements designated through the noun belong to. They are me, mine, you, yours, ours and yours.
Undefined
They focus on expressing the undetermined quantities that have been named, they are made up of some, few, many and quite a bit.
numerals
These deal with identifying the order or in turn the quantity precisely. They are one, two, third, fourth, half and double.
Interrogatives
They are intended to accompany the noun. All this with the intention of asking questions such as what, how much and which.
Exclamatory
They focus on expressing the elements that bring surprise and in turn emotion such as what, how much and which.
It is important to highlight that you must bear in mind that the determining elements within a morphological analysis are made up of articles and, in turn, those traditionally called determinative adjectives. In this way, you will be able to understand more about the way in which you should carry out this type of activity.
Names or noun
Nouns are names that are made up of words that deal with qualifying living beings, also things, ideas, feelings and qualities. It is important that you keep in mind that depending on the meaning it has, it is divided as follows:
Common
This is based on qualifying beings and objects under general aspects. Like for example tree, woman and dog. In the same way, it is based on the proper aspects, which deal with designating beings and in turn places, with the aim of distinguishing them from each other under the same species. As is the case of Maria and Guatemala.
Concrete
It focuses on the elements that we manage to perceive through the senses. As is the case with a book, meat or a table. On the other hand, they are abstract elements that deal with establishing aspects that cannot be easily perceived. For the senses cannot dominate or perceive friendship, pain and in turn fear.
accountants
They are part of the elements that have the possibility of being counted. As is the case with dogs, beds and apples. Likewise, it focuses on countless elements. These deal with talking about aspects related to objects and substances that cannot be separated, as is the case of love, water and wind.
countless
The uncountable elements are related to objects or in another case substances that do not have the possibility of being separated, as is the case of love, wind and water.
Individual
This focuses on objects that can be countable, such as the tree, wolf and man. Likewise, it represents the collective aspects that are cataloged within a group of objects that are countable, such as the forest, herd, and people.
It is important to keep in mind that the nouns try to be part of all the groups, as is the case with: the table is a common noun. In the same way, of concrete elements, countable and at the same time individual.
Nouns also have the following
They are divided as follows:
Number
They are based on the singular and in turn the plural.
Gender
It focuses on the feminine, masculine and in turn the ambiguous gender, which in turn can be feminine or masculine as is the case of the sea. On the other hand, it is based on epicene that are represented as a single grammatical gender, as is the case of the eagle.
Adjective
Adjectives are words that take care of complementing everything that nouns require. It is in this way that nouns can be modified, since it provides information about it.
This in turn has the opportunity to express all the characteristic elements that are distributed as attributes of the noun. This in turn focuses on qualities, numbers and in turn belonging.
It is important that you keep in mind that under the morphological analysis it is classified as follows:
Number: which focuses on singular and in turn plural elements.
Gender: masculine and also feminine.
Verbs
Verbs are words that have the objective of defining the actions, these and even conditions of the person. It is structured through the root since it is considered the invariable part that makes up the verb.
In addition to this, it has the ending, since it is the one that constitutes everything that varies at the moment in which the verb is conjugated. Well, it allows us to understand the number, time and mode of the subject.
At the moment we carry out a morphological analysis, focusing on the verb under simple actions that are formed through the following aspects:
Conjugation: it is made up of elements that are conjugated at the infinitive level, as is the case of we run, which comes from the verb to run.
Person: focuses on the first, second, and third person.
Number: it focuses on the singular elements and in turn the plural ones.
Time: it focuses on the present tense, past tense, as well as the future and the conditional.
Mode: specifically in the indicative, subjunctive and imperative.
Pronoun
These words focus on replacing the name, with the intention of avoiding their repetition. In addition to this, they are divided into the following:
Personal: they focus on replacing the person at a grammatical level, in addition to that, they must be in front of the verb, as is the case with: I, you, he, she, we, we, you, you, they and they.
Demonstrative, possessive, indefinite, numerals, interrogatives and exclamatives: they are similar to the determiners that have been explained previously.
Preposition
They have the objective of uniting and in turn connecting prepositions with other words. With the intention of understanding the relationships of both words. You must bear in mind that the morphological analysis must only catalog the word when it is a preposition, without carrying out another analysis.
Adverb
It has the function of complementing the verb, like adjectives and other elements that make up an adverb within a sentence. The adverbs are found within: mode, place, time, negation, uncertainty and order.
Conjunction
It has the purpose of uniting the words found in a sentence and is divided into the following aspects:
Coordinators: they focus on joining sentences and in turn words in a syntactic way and are: and, and, nor, or, that, but and more.
Subordinates: They focus on joining the words under subordinate elements such as: well, because, already, that, if and although.
Example
Since it takes into account each category found in the words when performing the morphological analysis. It is after this that you are given the example of a sentence:
Your house is more beautiful than mine
You: focuses on the possessive determiner.
Home: described as the common noun, under the feminine gender and singular.
Ex: it is part of the verb to be and in turn focuses on the singular person, under the present indicative tense singular.
More: It is part of the adverb of quantity.
Pretty: it is part of the adjective, under the feminine and singular gender.
What: It is part of a conjugation.
The: is a determiner, which is part of the singular feminine articles.
Mine: is a possessive pronoun.
Drill
If you are already clear about the elements that allow us to perform morphological analysis, you can make the sentences shown below:
- My cat Mateo is sick since yesterday.
- The hurricane blew the roof off my home.
- My healthy family does not smoke.
- Let's go buy some sweets for my children.
Origins and history
Morphological analysis was created in 1969 by Fritz Zwicky. This took care of doing it through other methods such as problem analysis. Therefore, the morphological analysis has the function of the possibility of the design and in turn the development through novel techniques in the system.
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