Relief of the Amazon Jungle: Flora, fauna and more

El Relief of the Amazon Rainforest It is made up of vast plains covered with tropical forests with humid terrain and large, flowing rivers that flow into the Amazon River. We invite you to learn everything about this great ecosystem reserve made up of several countries of the American continent.

Amazon jungle

The Amazon is primarily made up of extensive plains covered with tropical jungle, it is located in the south east of Colombia and covers the departments of Amazonas Putumayo, Guainía, Caquetá, Guaviare and Vaupés, this means it corresponds to the north of South America.

It is also defined by territories of Guayana and the Gran Chaco, where there are large amounts of tropical forests and for this reason it is often considered a primordial part of the relief of the Amazon jungle.

El relief of the amazon It is classified as the largest warm jungle on planet earth, in its fundamental peculiarities we find that its amplitude reaches about 7.000.000 km2, this extensive territory is divided into 9 regions, among which we can find the following:

  1. Bolivia.
  2. Colombia.
  3. Venezuela.
  4. Ecuador.
  5. Guyanese.
  6. France (French Guiana).
  7. Suriname.
  8. Brazil.
  9. Peru.

The latter have the largest part of the relief of the amazon region. Worldwide, the Amazon is recognized for its outstanding proportion, because it is seen as the largest forested area on the entire planet.

Location of the Amazon Region

Located in the American continent, Amazon rainforest relief It is usually very delimited because it reaches different regions, they are understood as follows: Brazil, which has a total of 60% of the tropical forest, Peru with a forest cover of 13%, Colombia with 10% and 17 The remaining % are divided between Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana still belonging to the Europeans.

Located between the Tropic of Cancer (in the north) and the Tropic of Capricorn (in the south), on the equator with an imaginary line that passes between the tropics, for which it is classified as tropical forest.

Relief of the Amazon Rainforest

The prominence of these territories has very special peculiarities, since it has areas that are not very raised, as is the case of the slope that is almost always directed towards the east; this is the reason why the Amazon is classified as an extensive horizontal amplitude, in which its essential areas are mostly Humid jungles or swampy, due to the large number of rivers that flow through them when they leave their banks.

As a result of the different alterations that exist in the masses of winds that blow in the highlands of Guayana and the Brazilian Zócalo, a large number of components are stored in the territory, this being the natural effect of the corrosion of the adjacent relief, by Like the waste that originates in the sea and the newer lake fluvio, these procedures are part of this training.

Commonly, each one of the natural stages has propitiated a group of low altitude elevations where the level is (between 100 and 300 meters) and is classified as mainland, therefore it has the task of interacting with the alluvial plains. For example, when some rocky appearances occur, they are located on the shores with a set of periods that are very essential to achieve development.

Fauna of the Amazon Region

The existence of an unparalleled variety of life has caused a large number of sweeps in the jungle, resulting in a great source of income for the countries, more specifically Peru, Brazil, Bolivia and Ecuador. Multiple investigations have been carried out in the regions due to the presence of a great diversity of organisms.

jaguar amazon jungle relief

The Amazon rainforest is home to more than 2.000 diverse species of animals, with an estimated 427+ species of mammals, some 1.300 species of birds, 427 species of amphibians, 378 species of reptiles, and some 3.000 species of fish.

We can also find more than 2 million species of insects in the Amazon rainforest relief. One in five species of birds live only in this tropical forest, each of these animals have incredible qualities, as well as a great capacity to adapt to the different environments that surround them.

It should be noted that there are specific animals that can only be found in the Amazon Rainforest, for example some reptiles such as the Jesus lizard and the anaconda; alligators and crocodiles; mammals such as the golden lion tamarin, the howler monkey, the jaguar, the spider monkey, the tapir and the Amazon River dolphin; birds such as the toucan and the scarlet macaw, and amphibians such as the poison dart frog and the glass frog.

We can also find pink dolphins, aquatic turtles and tortoises. Among the most outstanding bird species we can find, the macaws, the toucans, the harpy eagle; Generally, the fauna of this place is very numerous. All the different species have very striking colors in their feathers.

In addition to everything, there has been a lot of movement of the best-known wildlife, creation of shelters and animal centers with the purpose of protecting endangered species, caring for them in order to increase the number of species before returning them to their lives. wild.

It is said that there is no other natural biome on the entire planet that can surpass or assimilate the great diversity of species found in the Amazon, which makes this place incredibly wonderful and unique.

Flora of the Amazon Region

La flora of the amazon It corresponds to approximately 22% of the plants on the entire planet and these are located throughout the Amazon jungle, in this flora especially, there is a plant called Victoria Amazónica that has really impressive peculiarities, since it has circular leaves that They can reach more than 2 meters in diameter.

This innate environment is made up of forests where there are numerous trees of all kinds and which are classified as follows:

  • Caricari.
  • Cedar.
  • Itahuba.
  • Tajibos.
  • Barcelona route.
  • Mandrillus (and many other species).

The flora of the Amazon region has more than 40 thousand species of plants, in the Amazon rainforest relief At least 50% of the plants are exotic and form part of an important variety of species for the entire world and all the countries that comprise it.

In this huge group of flora of the Amazon region there are some ranges in which medicinal or healing plants stand out, because they have qualities that help cure any type of affliction, we can say that from the simplest to the most complicated depending on the disease.

It is very interesting that only a small percentage of these species have been studied, since there is a lot of room for research and great discoveries, that is, if there were more exhaustive explorations, more trees and plants with healing properties could be found that could be incorporated into the existing medicinal herbs.

relief of the amazon rainforest vegetation

El Tropical climate that exists in the Amazon is the factor that most favors the growth of the vast types of species and its variability guarantees that all types of plants can grow in the different seasons and these favor the presence of canopies. The distribution of the forest canopy provides sources of moisture, food and regulates the atmosphere of the forest, which is very important for the timely growth of the flora.

In areas where there are some lagoons, there is also a great diversity of liliaceae, which are indeed very stunning, as is the case with the Victoria Amazonica, which is considered the largest aquatic plant on the planet. We also have the spectacular wild flowers, which stand out for their surprising beauty and their color variation, with this they are responsible for adorning the entire environment with their attractiveness.

Hydrography

The Hydrography of this territory is large and among the main rivers that exist in the Colombian Amazon are the following:

  • The Caqueta.
  • The Putumayo.
  • The Guaviare.
  • The Apaporis.
  • The Amazon.
  • The Vaupes.

All these rivers show an extraordinary capacity in which the nature that surrounds them stands out.

Climate

The climate of the tropical forest perceives a season of humidity throughout the year, in this forest there are no usual seasons such as summer, winter, autumn and spring; under the tropics. That is, all the territory and vegetation located between the tropics do not experience these seasons.

However, the tropical forest has very hot temperatures throughout the year, approximately between 26° and 30° centigrade, this is due to the imaginary line of the Equator that influences the consistency of the duration of the day with 12 hours of sunlight. throughout the year.

What brings as a consequence that there are constant supplies of sunlight, which is why photosynthesis occurs that lights up the jungle throughout the year, that is, this manifestation is the one that maintains a warm temperature from a minimum of 22 ° up to a maximum of 34° C in each of the tropics.

On the other hand, the forest is mostly humid thanks to the large forest cover, with more than 390.000 million bushes, the wind is cold and humid, so going on an adventure in the forest is a bit complicated for the human being.

Peruvian Amazone

In certain places, an extensive area is shown in the jungle of Peru and the east, these show a vast magnitude of space and species, each of these categorizations are valid to refer to the Amazon, also known as the great tropical forest of South America. .

The Peruvian Amazon is classified as one of the areas with the largest varieties of living beings and endemisms in the world, thus demonstrating that it is the territory of the Peruvian biography that has the smallest human population, as shown by different investigations carried out. , similarly, is classified as the most anthropologically diverse.

Ecuadorian Amazon

The Amazonian region of Ecuador is made up of an extensive natural territory, which comes from the South American region and is comprised of an area that covers 120.000 square kilometers of the entire world. Amazon rainforest relief.

This environment has a large area that regularly spreads over an area of ​​abundant flora, which is usually typical of humid and tropical forests, has a defined level that is symbolized by 48% of the Ecuadorian territory.

La fauna of the ecuadorian amazon It is somewhat difficult to find, however, this is the home of mammals such as; Capybaras, Tapirs, monkeys, agoutis, dolphins, otters and large predators such as pumas, panthers and more. The vegetation is very thick and it can happen that these animals are close to people without even knowing it.

Predators tend to stay hidden and prefer to come out to hunt Evening. It is difficult to find many of these animals in areas developed by humans, due to the combination of hunting and the destruction of their habitat, which has forced many animals to go deeper into the Amazon jungle.

Venezuelan Amazon

It is located in the south of Venezuela, it is part of the largest vegetal lung on the planet and it is one of the few natural territories on earth that still preserve the original conditions of its creation. Going into it is a fascinating adventure that is only possible through its rivers and through the air to specific points.

In it is the beauty and silence of the jungle world, it is fascinating to be able to see the stars of the milky way without the persistent light pollution. The warm waters of the Atabapo River that are devoid of animal life; travel the 320 kilometers of turbulent waters of the Casiquiare derived from the Orinoco River, to join the Guainía River and form the Negro River, which flows into the Amazon.

Colombian Amazon

The Amazon region of Colombia comprises 42% of the national territory and is known as the lung of the world due to its large jungle area. It is home to the largest number of freshwater fish on the planet, along with a wide variety of exotic mammals such as the pink river dolphin, the manatee, the jaguar, the puma, the giant otter, the peccary, the tapir, the capybara, the sloth and various primates.

La flora and fauna of the Amazon region of Colombia is immense, with a large number of endemic species of the nation and that only occur in this area of ​​the country, with more than 130.000 species of plants and tens of thousands of animals and insects that inhabit it.

In the Amazon parrot, 6.249 species have been registered, the faunal diversity of the Colombian Amazon is made up of 674 species of birds, 158 amphibians, 195 reptiles with endemism, 212 mammals and 753 species of fish. There are 79 species that are threatened with extinction, 24 mammals, 23 birds, 15 reptiles, 14 fish and 3 amphibians.

Amazon of Brazil

The Amazon of Brazil is recognized for its vast breadth, it is located in the northeast of the region, exactly in the North region, it limits with the northeast of Colombia and also to the north with Venezuela through the dividing line of the Orinoco River and the Amazonas, limits to the northeast with Roraima, to the east with Paran, to the south it limits with Mato Grosso, Rondônia and to the southwest with Acre.

This country is distinguished by its high temperature and heavy rainfall, traditional environment and climate that manifests in these areas, this is due to the location and its proximity to the state of Ecuador.

El Amazon rainforest relief of this territory is usually very low, thanks to the processes that emerge from the region, in which a level close to 85% is shown that exceeds 100 meters of altitude. The highest sites in the state are classified by Pico da Neblina, with a revealing height which is worth to resolve this formation.

Fundamental Aspects of the Amazon

In the fundamental aspects of the Amazon are the 6.7 million km2 that it possesses, a dimension that is estimated to be twice the size of India, that is why it is named as the most extraordinary forested point that exists in the entire world and in its diversity highlight the following aspects:

  1. It comprises a vast space, since it is the largest tropical forest on the planet and has thousands of species.
  2. It is estimated to be the habitat of 10% of the world's known biodiversity, encompassing the largest number of freshwater species.
  3. The Amazon River flows along about 6.600 km, considered the largest flow, for this reason its average flow contains at least 22.5000 cubic meters of water.
  4. The Amazon comprises between 90.000 and 140.000 million metric tons of carbon.

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